Exam 6: Experimentation and Causal Research

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________ is an application of a controlled experiment done in limited, but carefully selected, test markets.

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Consumers are good examples of dependent variables.

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Variables that measure the effect of the independent variables on the test units are called dependent variables.

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Which of the following can be symbolized as:Which of the following can be symbolized as:  Where, X = the exposure of a group to an independent variable, treatment, event, the effects of which are to be determined O = the process of observation or measurement of the dependent variable on the test units or group of units R = the random assignment of test units or groups to separate treatments CG = control group EG = experimental group Where, X = the exposure of a group to an independent variable, treatment, event, the effects of which are to be determined O = the process of observation or measurement of the dependent variable on the test units or group of units R = the random assignment of test units or groups to separate treatments CG = control group EG = experimental group

(Multiple Choice)
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Internal validity refers to whether the cause-and-effect relationships found in the experiment remain the same when replicated in a larger population.

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The relevant cause/effect relationship is identified when both time order and concurrent variation conditions are satisfied.

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Responses given because the respondents attempt to guess the purpose of the experiment and respond accordingly are called demand artifacts.

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The ________ is a preexperimental design in which a group of test units is measured before and after exposure to the treatment.

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Causality refers to when the occurrence of X causes the occurrence of Y.

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A laboratory environment involves measurement of behavior, attitudes, or perceptions in the environment in which they occur.

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The random group is a preexperimental design in which a group of test units is measured before and after exposure to the treatment.

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Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of preexperimental designs?

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________ are distinguished by the fact that the researcher can randomly assign test units to experimental groups and also randomly assign treatments to experimental groups.

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A static group involves a prior measurement of the test units.

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All of the following are good examples of dependent variables EXCEPT ________.

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A(n)________ is a statistical experimental design used to measure the effects of two or more independent variables at various levels and to allow for interactions between variables.

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A ________ involves measurement of behavior, attitudes, or perceptions in the environment in which they occur.

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A preexperimental design in which a single group of test units is exposed to a treatment X and then a single measurement on the dependent variable is taken is called the ________.

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Which of the following is a way of controlling extraneous variables?

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________ allow for the statistical control and analysis of external variables.

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