Question 1

When cartilage is produced at the epiphyseal side of the metaphysis at the same rate as bone is deposited on the opposite side,bones

Accepted Answer

A) grow longer. 
B) grow wider. 
C) become shorter. 
D) become more porous and weaker. 
E) become thicker. 
A) grow longer. 
B) grow wider. 
C) become shorter. 
D) become more porous and weaker. 
E) become thicker.

Question 2

A lack of exercise could

Accepted Answer

A) cause bones to become thicker. 
B) cause bones to store more calcium. 
C) result in porous and weak bones. 
D) cause bones to become longer. 
E) cause bones to lose their medullary cavity. 
A) cause bones to become thicker. 
B) cause bones to store more calcium. 
C) result in porous and weak bones. 
D) cause bones to become longer. 
E) cause bones to lose their medullary cavity.

Question 3

The deposition of calcium salts in bone tissues is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) hardening. 
B) ossification. 
C) calcification. 
D) osteogenesis. 
E) remodeling. 
A) hardening. 
B) ossification. 
C) calcification. 
D) osteogenesis. 
E) remodeling.

Question 4

________ bone reduces the weight of the skeleton and reduces the load on muscles.

Accepted Answer

A) Short 
B) Irregular 
C) Spongy 
D) Compact 
E) Long 
A) Short 
B) Irregular 
C) Spongy 
D) Compact 
E) Long

Question 5

Would you expect to see changes in blood levels of the hormones calcitonin and PTH as a result of vitamin D₃ deficiency? Explain.

Accepted Answer

A person deficient in vitamin D₃ would n

Question 6

An open or ________ fracture projects through the skin.

Accepted Answer

A) external 
B) exposed 
C) complex 
D) compound 
E) complicated 
A) external 
B) exposed 
C) complex 
D) compound 
E) complicated

Question 7

In relationship to the diaphysis of a long bone,the osteons are

Accepted Answer

A) radial. 
B) anterior. 
C) parallel. 
D) proximal. 
E) diagonal. 
A) radial. 
B) anterior. 
C) parallel. 
D) proximal. 
E) diagonal.

Question 8

Suppose that epiphyseal lines appear in a 10-year-old's long bones.Which of the following statements is,therefore,true?

Accepted Answer

A) The epiphyseal plates have ossified and further growth in length is not possible. 
B) Administration of growth hormone will stimulate future bone growth in length. 
C) Osteoclasts will dissolve the metaphysis so length growth can continue until adulthood. 
D) More growth will occur during the teenage years as sex hormones stimulate rebuilding of growth plates. 
E) Intramembranous ossification will enable further growth in length. 
A) The epiphyseal plates have ossified and further growth in length is not possible. 
B) Administration of growth hormone will stimulate future bone growth in length. 
C) Osteoclasts will dissolve the metaphysis so length growth can continue until adulthood. 
D) More growth will occur during the teenage years as sex hormones stimulate rebuilding of growth plates. 
E) Intramembranous ossification will enable further growth in length.

Question 9

What is the correct sequence of steps in bone repair?
1) Cartilage in the external callus is replaced by bone.
2) A hematoma occurs.
3) An internal callus forms at the site of injury.
4) Osteoclasts and osteoblasts remodel the bone at the site of repair.

Accepted Answer

A) 1,2,3,4 
B) 2,1,3,4 
C) 3,1,4,2 
D) 4,2,3,1 
E) 2,3,1,4 
A) 1,2,3,4 
B) 2,1,3,4 
C) 3,1,4,2 
D) 4,2,3,1 
E) 2,3,1,4

Question 10

Osteoclast-activating factor does all of the following except that it

Accepted Answer

A) is released in large amounts early in life. 
B) increases the number of osteoclasts. 
C) increases the activity of osteoclasts. 
D) produces a severe osteoporosis. 
E) is released by some cancer tumors. 
A) is released in large amounts early in life. 
B) increases the number of osteoclasts. 
C) increases the activity of osteoclasts. 
D) produces a severe osteoporosis. 
E) is released by some cancer tumors.

Question 11

After a fracture of the diaphysis has healed,the thickened region that results is called the

Accepted Answer

A) epiphyseal plate. 
B) external callus. 
C) dense tuberosity. 
D) condyle. 
E) fracture facet. 
A) epiphyseal plate. 
B) external callus. 
C) dense tuberosity. 
D) condyle. 
E) fracture facet.

Question 12

A fracture that affects the malleolus on both lower leg bones is called a ________ fracture.

Accepted Answer

A) carpal 
B) Pott's 
C) Colles 
D) complex 
E) double-split 
A) carpal 
B) Pott's 
C) Colles 
D) complex 
E) double-split

Question 13

A large proximal projection on a bone is called the

Accepted Answer

A) ramus. 
B) trochanter. 
C) tuberosity. 
D) tubercle. 
E) condyle. 
A) ramus. 
B) trochanter. 
C) tuberosity. 
D) tubercle. 
E) condyle.

Question 14

Why does osteoporosis affect more women than men?

Accepted Answer

A) Women typically do not get enough calcium in their diet. 
B) Men do not remodel the skeleton as fast as women. 
C) Pregnancy causes deossification of bones in women and will lead to osteoporosis. 
D) Men exercise more than women and therefore have less osteoporosis. 
E) Women have a decrease in sex hormones after menopause. 
A) Women typically do not get enough calcium in their diet. 
B) Men do not remodel the skeleton as fast as women. 
C) Pregnancy causes deossification of bones in women and will lead to osteoporosis. 
D) Men exercise more than women and therefore have less osteoporosis. 
E) Women have a decrease in sex hormones after menopause.

Question 15

The following are major steps in the process of intramembranous ossification:
1) Clusters of osteoblasts form osteoid that becomes mineralized.
2) Osteoblasts differentiate within mesenchymal connective tissue.
3) Spicules of bone radiate out from the ossification centers.
4) Mesenchymal cells aggregate.
What is the correct order for these events?

Accepted Answer

A) 4,1,2,3 
B) 2,1,3,4 
C) 4,2,1,3 
D) 2,3,1,4 
E) 3,4,2,1 
A) 4,1,2,3 
B) 2,1,3,4 
C) 4,2,1,3 
D) 2,3,1,4 
E) 3,4,2,1

Question 16

Blood is distributed from the surface of a bone to deeper central canals through channels known as

Accepted Answer

A) perforating canals. 
B) canaliculi. 
C) interstitial canals. 
D) concentric ducts. 
E) concentric canals. 
A) perforating canals. 
B) canaliculi. 
C) interstitial canals. 
D) concentric ducts. 
E) concentric canals.

Question 17

The ongoing process of tearing down and rebuilding bone matrix is called

Accepted Answer

A) restoration. 
B) osteolysis. 
C) resorption. 
D) ossification. 
E) remodeling. 
A) restoration. 
B) osteolysis. 
C) resorption. 
D) ossification. 
E) remodeling.

Question 18

The lining of the medullary cavity is called the

Accepted Answer

A) endosteum. 
B) periosteum. 
C) epiosteum. 
D) mediosteum. 
E) paraosteum. 
A) endosteum. 
B) periosteum. 
C) epiosteum. 
D) mediosteum. 
E) paraosteum.

Question 19

What is the difference between ossification and calcification.?

Accepted Answer

Ossification means specificall

Exam 6: Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

When cartilage is produced at the epiphyseal side of the metaphysis at the same rate as bone is deposited on the opposite side,bones

A lack of exercise could

The deposition of calcium salts in bone tissues is referred to as

________ bone reduces the weight of the skeleton and reduces the load on muscles.

Would you expect to see changes in blood levels of the hormones calcitonin and PTH as a result of vitamin D₃ deficiency? Explain.

An open or ________ fracture projects through the skin.

In relationship to the diaphysis of a long bone,the osteons are

Suppose that epiphyseal lines appear in a 10-year-old's long bones.Which of the following statements is,therefore,true?

What is the correct sequence of steps in bone repair? 1) Cartilage in the external callus is replaced by bone. 2) A hematoma occurs. 3) An internal callus forms at the site of injury. 4) Osteoclasts and osteoblasts remodel the bone at the site of repair.

Osteoclast-activating factor does all of the following except that it

After a fracture of the diaphysis has healed,the thickened region that results is called the

A fracture that affects the malleolus on both lower leg bones is called a ________ fracture.

A large proximal projection on a bone is called the

Why does osteoporosis affect more women than men?

Blood is distributed from the surface of a bone to deeper central canals through channels known as

The ongoing process of tearing down and rebuilding bone matrix is called

The lining of the medullary cavity is called the

What is the difference between ossification and calcification.?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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