Question 1

A(n)____ is a strong belief about future behavior that can affect the behavior so that the belief appears to have predicted it.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-fulfilling prophecy 
B)  confounded experience 
C)  introspection 
D)  testimonial 
A)  self-fulfilling prophecy 
B)  confounded experience 
C)  introspection 
D)  testimonial

Question 2

Dr.Rose conducts a study to determine if caffeine can aid memory.Her three groups of subjects receive a high dose,a low dose,or no caffeine.They all receive identical-looking pills so that they are unaware of how much caffeine they take.In addition,when the researcher tests the memory of each subject,she is not aware of what group each subject is in.This research design utilizes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  random assignment 
B)  single-blind technique 
C)  double-blind technique 
D)  self-selection bias 
A)  random assignment 
B)  single-blind technique 
C)  double-blind technique 
D)  self-selection bias

Question 3

What research method can be described as an in-depth analysis of a single person?

Accepted Answer

A)  case study 
B)  correlation 
C)  survey method 
D)  experimental method 
A)  case study 
B)  correlation 
C)  survey method 
D)  experimental method

Question 4

What disorder is characterized by the behavioral problems of inattention and excessive activity and can be treated with Ritalin?

Accepted Answer

A)  conduct disorder 
B)  learning disability disorder 
C)  attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder 
D)  autism 
A)  conduct disorder 
B)  learning disability disorder 
C)  attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder 
D)  autism

Question 5

When the focus of research is on a single individual,the most appropriate method is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  case study 
B)  experiment 
C)  survey 
D)  correlation 
A)  case study 
B)  experiment 
C)  survey 
D)  correlation

Question 6

Your 10-year-old cousin is currently taking Ritalin.Based on your knowledge of Ritalin's side effects,you should not be surprised to hear that he is having problems in:

Accepted Answer

A)  gaining too much weight 
B)  sleeping 
C)  feeling depressed 
D)  maintaining attention 
A)  gaining too much weight 
B)  sleeping 
C)  feeling depressed 
D)  maintaining attention

Question 7

Dr.Allkins is conducting a case study of an individual with ADHD.Dr.Allkins should keep in mind that:

Accepted Answer

A)  correlation will help to reveal cause-and-effect relationships 
B)  the independent variable must be carefully controlled 
C)  random assignment will prevent errors from being introduced into the study 
D)  what is true of this one individual may not be true of other individuals 
A)  correlation will help to reveal cause-and-effect relationships 
B)  the independent variable must be carefully controlled 
C)  random assignment will prevent errors from being introduced into the study 
D)  what is true of this one individual may not be true of other individuals

Question 8

A correlation is used to:

Accepted Answer

A)  explain how one variable causes another variable 
B)  show the effect that one variable has on another variable 
C)  describe a relationship between two or more variables 
D)  prove theories 
A)  explain how one variable causes another variable 
B)  show the effect that one variable has on another variable 
C)  describe a relationship between two or more variables 
D)  prove theories

Question 9

The dependent variable depends upon:

Accepted Answer

A)  the independent variable 
B)  subjects 
C)  selective assignment 
D)  the control group 
A)  the independent variable 
B)  subjects 
C)  selective assignment 
D)  the control group

Question 10

What does randomly assigning subjects to different groups ultimately do?

Accepted Answer

A)  it makes the selection of subjects less time consuming 
B)  it prevents subjects from knowing what group they are in 
C)  it controls any factors that might influence the results of the study 
D)  it ensures that there is an equal number of males and females in each group 
A)  it makes the selection of subjects less time consuming 
B)  it prevents subjects from knowing what group they are in 
C)  it controls any factors that might influence the results of the study 
D)  it ensures that there is an equal number of males and females in each group

Question 11

Which of the following is an important strength of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is very imprecise. 
B)  It makes use of an empirical process that enhances biases and errors. 
C)  It is very cheap to employ 
D)  It can be used for any of the four goals of psychology. 
A)  It is very imprecise. 
B)  It makes use of an empirical process that enhances biases and errors. 
C)  It is very cheap to employ 
D)  It can be used for any of the four goals of psychology.

Question 12

A(n)________ variable is any factor other than the independent variable that can affect the movement of the dependent variable in an experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)  confounding 
B)  extraneous 
C)  correlational 
D)  analytic 
A)  confounding 
B)  extraneous 
C)  correlational 
D)  analytic

Question 13

A negative correlation indicates a harmful relationship between two variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Andy measured the size of each of his friends' heads and also asked them for their SAT scores,in order to determine whether a relationship existed between head size and intelligence.His computed correlation coefficient was .00.What should Andy conclude?

Accepted Answer

A)  As head size increases, intelligence increases. 
B)  As head size increases, intelligence decreases. 
C)  There is no relationship between head size and intelligence. 
D)  A small head causes a lowered level of intelligence. 
A)  As head size increases, intelligence increases. 
B)  As head size increases, intelligence decreases. 
C)  There is no relationship between head size and intelligence. 
D)  A small head causes a lowered level of intelligence.

Question 15

Ritalin is to ____ as aspirin is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulant; depressant 
B)  attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; headache 
C)  depression; headache 
D)  analgesic; amphetamine 
A)  stimulant; depressant 
B)  attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; headache 
C)  depression; headache 
D)  analgesic; amphetamine

Question 16

According to research described in Module Two,adolescent binge drinking causes later health problems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The effects of cough medicine illustrate the placebo effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which organization has published a code of ethics of conduct for psychologists to follow when conducting research?

Accepted Answer

A)  American Psychological Association 
B)  American Psychiatric Institute 
C)  Big Ten Conference 
D)  National Education Association 
A)  American Psychological Association 
B)  American Psychiatric Institute 
C)  Big Ten Conference 
D)  National Education Association

Question 19

What is the approach that attempts to gather information and to answer questions in a way that errors and bias are minimized?

Accepted Answer

A)  debriefing 
B)  random selection 
C)  scientific method 
D)  manipulation of variables 
A)  debriefing 
B)  random selection 
C)  scientific method 
D)  manipulation of variables

Question 20

The treatment which is controlled by the researcher is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent variable 
B)  confounding variable 
C)  independent variable 
D)  control variable 
A)  dependent variable 
B)  confounding variable 
C)  independent variable 
D)  control variable

Exam 2: Psychology and Science

A(n)____ is a strong belief about future behavior that can affect the behavior so that the belief appears to have predicted it.

What research method can be described as an in-depth analysis of a single person?

What disorder is characterized by the behavioral problems of inattention and excessive activity and can be treated with Ritalin?

When the focus of research is on a single individual,the most appropriate method is a(n):

Your 10-year-old cousin is currently taking Ritalin.Based on your knowledge of Ritalin's side effects,you should not be surprised to hear that he is having problems in:

Dr.Allkins is conducting a case study of an individual with ADHD.Dr.Allkins should keep in mind that:

A correlation is used to:

The dependent variable depends upon:

What does randomly assigning subjects to different groups ultimately do?

Which of the following is an important strength of the scientific method?

A(n)________ variable is any factor other than the independent variable that can affect the movement of the dependent variable in an experiment.

A negative correlation indicates a harmful relationship between two variables.

Andy measured the size of each of his friends' heads and also asked them for their SAT scores,in order to determine whether a relationship existed between head size and intelligence.His computed correlation coefficient was .00.What should Andy conclude?

Ritalin is to ____ as aspirin is to ____.

According to research described in Module Two,adolescent binge drinking causes later health problems.

The effects of cough medicine illustrate the placebo effect.

Which organization has published a code of ethics of conduct for psychologists to follow when conducting research?

What is the approach that attempts to gather information and to answer questions in a way that errors and bias are minimized?

The treatment which is controlled by the researcher is called the:

Discovering Psychology

Brains Building Blocks

Incredible Nervous System

Sensation

Perception

Sleep and Dreams

Hypnosis and Drugs

Classical Conditioning

Operant and Cognitive Approaches

Types of Memory

Remembering and Forgetting

Intelligence

Thought and Language

Motivation

Emotion

Infancy Childhood

Infancy Childhood Part II

Adolescence and Adulthood

Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Theories

Social and Cognitive and Trait Theories

Health,stress and Coping

Assessment and Anxiety Disorders

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Therapies

Social Psychology

Extenssion: Social Cognition and Behavior

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Ritalin is to as aspirin is to .