Question 1

Which of the following pairs accurately describes the two central characteristics of short-term memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  limited duration, limited capacity 
B)  limited duration, unlimited capacity 
C)  unlimited duration, unlimited capacity 
D)  unlimited duration, limited capacity 
A)  limited duration, limited capacity 
B)  limited duration, unlimited capacity 
C)  unlimited duration, unlimited capacity 
D)  unlimited duration, limited capacity A

Question 2

Why should a college student care about the levels of processing theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  the levels of processing can influence one's social skills 
B)  because it shows that the way we encode material will influence how easily we can retrieve it 
C)  one day an employer may ask about it 
D)  it demonstrates how important explicit memory is to studying and test taking 
A)  the levels of processing can influence one's social skills 
B)  because it shows that the way we encode material will influence how easily we can retrieve it 
C)  one day an employer may ask about it 
D)  it demonstrates how important explicit memory is to studying and test taking B

Question 3

Semantic and episodic memories are examples of declarative memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Which is the most accurate statement regarding sensory memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Information stored in it may be recalled without conscious control. 
B)  It lasts much longer than it was previously thought. 
C)  Information stored in it will rapidly fade unless attended to. 
D)  It has a very limited capacity. 
A)  Information stored in it may be recalled without conscious control. 
B)  It lasts much longer than it was previously thought. 
C)  Information stored in it will rapidly fade unless attended to. 
D)  It has a very limited capacity.

Question 5

Tim claims that flashbulb memories are a separate and special kind of memory.Liz says otherwise; flashbulb memories are subject to the same inaccuracies and biases that characterize ordinary memories.Who is right?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tim-flashbulb memories are complete and immune to forgetting. 
B)  Tim-flashbulb memories represent a fourth type of memory. 
C)  Liz-flashbulb memories result from automatic encoding. 
D)  Neither one is correct, since more research is needed. 
A)  Tim-flashbulb memories are complete and immune to forgetting. 
B)  Tim-flashbulb memories represent a fourth type of memory. 
C)  Liz-flashbulb memories result from automatic encoding. 
D)  Neither one is correct, since more research is needed.

Question 6

If you pay no attention to the information currently in your sensory memory,that information will:

Accepted Answer

A)  be transferred to short-term memory 
B)  stay in sensory memory until it is needed 
C)  disappear 
D)  be transferred to long-term memory 
A)  be transferred to short-term memory 
B)  stay in sensory memory until it is needed 
C)  disappear 
D)  be transferred to long-term memory

Question 7

Which of the following cultures is most likely to have an oral tradition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ghana 
B)  Canada 
C)  Germany 
D)  England 
A)  Ghana 
B)  Canada 
C)  Germany 
D)  England

Question 8

If you have no difficulty with encoding and storing,but you still think you've got problems with your memory,then the real problem must be in:

Accepted Answer

A)  levels of processing 
B)  sensory memory 
C)  declarative memory 
D)  retrieving 
A)  levels of processing 
B)  sensory memory 
C)  declarative memory 
D)  retrieving

Question 9

Alan can't tell you the sequence of motor movements involved in hitting a golf ball because that information is stored in:

Accepted Answer

A)  hierarchical knowledge 
B)  episodic knowledge 
C)  semantic knowledge 
D)  procedural knowledge 
A)  hierarchical knowledge 
B)  episodic knowledge 
C)  semantic knowledge 
D)  procedural knowledge

Question 10

On an exam,a student is asked to describe the three branches of government.The student must retrieve:

Accepted Answer

A)  procedural knowledge 
B)  episodic knowledge 
C)  semantic knowledge 
D)  hierarchical knowledge 
A)  procedural knowledge 
B)  episodic knowledge 
C)  semantic knowledge 
D)  hierarchical knowledge

Question 11

Contrast semantic,episodic,and procedural memory by presenting a definition and example of each.

Accepted Answer

Semantic memory refers to the memory of

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of semantic knowledge?

Accepted Answer

A)  the first time you water-skied 
B)  the route you take to the nearest fast-food restaurant 
C)  how to check your baggage at an airport 
D)  the alphabet 
A)  the first time you water-skied 
B)  the route you take to the nearest fast-food restaurant 
C)  how to check your baggage at an airport 
D)  the alphabet

Question 13

The ability to recall items at the beginning of a list more easily than the following items is the result of the ____ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  attentional 
B)  ordering 
C)  primacy 
D)  recency 
A)  attentional 
B)  ordering 
C)  primacy 
D)  recency

Question 14

Your success in remembering information from long-term memory depends partly on:

Accepted Answer

A)  how the information was encoded 
B)  the storage capacity of long-term memory 
C)  the storage capacity of short-term memory 
D)  how the information was retrieved 
A)  how the information was encoded 
B)  the storage capacity of long-term memory 
C)  the storage capacity of short-term memory 
D)  how the information was retrieved

Question 15

According to the textbook,____ is the ability to retain information over time through the process of encoding,storage,and retrieval.

Accepted Answer

A)  memory 
B)  repression 
C)  metamemory 
D)  implicit memory 
A)  memory 
B)  repression 
C)  metamemory 
D)  implicit memory

Question 16

You may be able to repeat a series of words that you thought you did not hear because:

Accepted Answer

A)  the words are stored in echoic memory 
B)  you did not initially pay attention to the words that had been moved to working memory 
C)  stimuli often enter long-term memory without our conscious effort 
D)  of cross-modal memory 
A)  the words are stored in echoic memory 
B)  you did not initially pay attention to the words that had been moved to working memory 
C)  stimuli often enter long-term memory without our conscious effort 
D)  of cross-modal memory

Question 17

After a series of very disturbing life events,including the death of her husband in a car accident,learning that her mother has terminal cancer,and declaring bankruptcy,Isabella has suddenly lost her memories of her own identity as well as her own life experiences.This condition is called

Accepted Answer

A)  dementia 
B)  amnesia 
C)  delirium 
D)  somatization 
A)  dementia 
B)  amnesia 
C)  delirium 
D)  somatization

Question 18

The study comparing Ghanaian and American students on recall suggests that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the English language is easier to learn than Ghanaian 
B)  female students have better memories than male students in each culture 
C)  culture can influence how information is encoded and how easily it can be retrieved 
D)  culture does not significantly influence how information is encoded and how easily it can be retrieved 
A)  the English language is easier to learn than Ghanaian 
B)  female students have better memories than male students in each culture 
C)  culture can influence how information is encoded and how easily it can be retrieved 
D)  culture does not significantly influence how information is encoded and how easily it can be retrieved

Question 19

Interesting facts,which are examples of ____ information,are encoded ____ into long-term memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  semantic; with effort 
B)  semantic; automatically 
C)  episodic; with effort 
D)  episodic; automatically 
A)  semantic; with effort 
B)  semantic; automatically 
C)  episodic; with effort 
D)  episodic; automatically

Question 20

On the way to her wedding,Maria thinks about all the other men she has dated.Her clearest memory is of Lawrence,her first boyfriend.Maria's recall illustrates the ____ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  recency 
B)  primacy 
C)  semantic 
D)  encoding 
A)  recency 
B)  primacy 
C)  semantic 
D)  encoding

Exam 11: Types of Memory

Which of the following pairs accurately describes the two central characteristics of short-term memory?

Why should a college student care about the levels of processing theory?

Semantic and episodic memories are examples of declarative memory.

Which is the most accurate statement regarding sensory memory?

Tim claims that flashbulb memories are a separate and special kind of memory.Liz says otherwise; flashbulb memories are subject to the same inaccuracies and biases that characterize ordinary memories.Who is right?

If you pay no attention to the information currently in your sensory memory,that information will:

Which of the following cultures is most likely to have an oral tradition?

If you have no difficulty with encoding and storing,but you still think you've got problems with your memory,then the real problem must be in:

Alan can't tell you the sequence of motor movements involved in hitting a golf ball because that information is stored in:

On an exam,a student is asked to describe the three branches of government.The student must retrieve:

Contrast semantic,episodic,and procedural memory by presenting a definition and example of each.

Which of the following is an example of semantic knowledge?

The ability to recall items at the beginning of a list more easily than the following items is the result of the ____ effect.

Your success in remembering information from long-term memory depends partly on:

According to the textbook,____ is the ability to retain information over time through the process of encoding,storage,and retrieval.

You may be able to repeat a series of words that you thought you did not hear because:

After a series of very disturbing life events,including the death of her husband in a car accident,learning that her mother has terminal cancer,and declaring bankruptcy,Isabella has suddenly lost her memories of her own identity as well as her own life experiences.This condition is called

The study comparing Ghanaian and American students on recall suggests that:

Interesting facts,which are examples of ____ information,are encoded ____ into long-term memory.

On the way to her wedding,Maria thinks about all the other men she has dated.Her clearest memory is of Lawrence,her first boyfriend.Maria's recall illustrates the ____ effect.

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Interesting facts,which are examples of information,are encoded into long-term memory.