Exam 10: Operant and Cognitive Approaches

Using classical conditioning,trainers use food and toys to reinforce killer whales.

When Bob plays cards with his friends,he finds that his winning hands seem to come in bunches.Then,he may go as many as 10 hands without winning anything.Which schedule best describes the reinforcement Bob receives when playing cards?

According to operant conditioning,an organism is more likely to perform a behavior in the future if the behavior is:

You are a member of a committee that has been trying to solve a community problem for several months.During a recent low point in the meeting,someone stands up and yells,"Ah ha,I've got the solution." You recognize this to be an example of:

One of the criticisms of Skinner is that he failed to use an objective measure of behavior.

What is imprinting and what implication does it have for teaching animals new behaviors?

"Every other set of encyclopedias you sell,I will give you $100," says your supervisor.You realize that you are on a ____ schedule of reinforcement.

Bruce gives his son Kenny a quarter if he practices his tennis serve for 15 minutes.Bruce is using which type of reinforcement schedule?

"I didn't know you knew how to do that!" says a bewildered parent to his young daughter.Apparently,the young girl would watch her dad turn on and play games on the computer.This imitation had been going on for several months,but this was the first time she demonstrated her learned behavior.Her father explained the delay by using the notion of:

According to operant conditioning,if a behavior is no longer followed by a reinforcer,the frequency of the behavior will:

Negative reinforcement is:

____ is a term suggested by Skinner to indicate a response that can be changed by its consequences and is a unit of behavior that can be easily measured.

Ali is trying to summarize operant conditioning.Which of the following does the best job?

A stimulus that is associated with stimuli such as water,food,and shelter will become a:

Ricardo and Luis are out walking.Luis says,"Hey,I've got a pebble in my shoe," and proceeds to take off his shoe and to remove the pebble."That feels better," says Luis.Ricardo believes that Luis' behavior of removing the pebble is a(n)____ because it increases the chance that Luis will repeat the behavior if another pebble gets in his shoe.

"I know and understand this material," says Paul.His instructor would agree with him.However,when it comes time to prove his understanding on the exam,he typically doesn't do well.This exemplifies the idea of:

"I watched a show on television last month about people who can perform amazing feats of balance.I paid attention to the show,I remember the show,and I wish I could do the same feats,but I cannot." Using the four processes of social cognitive learning,which process is lacking in this person's case?

A young chick will establish a social attachment to anything (or anyone)that moves or provides food due to:

If you give your dog a treat sometimes after she performs a trick,you are using:

In classical conditioning,____ is the tendency for some stimuli but not others to elicit a conditioned response.