Question 1

According to state-dependent learning,being in the same emotional state during encoding and retrieving helps recall.This suggests:

Accepted Answer

A)  encoding is facilitated by strong emotions 
B)  retrieval is facilitated by strong emotions 
C)  retrieval cues include emotional states 
D)  elaborative rehearsal is tied to emotional states 
A)  encoding is facilitated by strong emotions 
B)  retrieval is facilitated by strong emotions 
C)  retrieval cues include emotional states 
D)  elaborative rehearsal is tied to emotional states

Question 2

In the network theory,nodes are like ____ that are connected.

Accepted Answer

A)  waves in an ocean 
B)  books in a library 
C)  cities on a map 
D)  cars on a highway 
A)  waves in an ocean 
B)  books in a library 
C)  cities on a map 
D)  cars on a highway

Question 3

Peter sustains damage to his cortex due to a car accident.What can we expect will be the changes to his memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peter will have great difficulty with both short- and long-term memory. 
B)  Peter will be able to remember new memories, but not old memories. 
C)  Peter will be able to remember nondeclarative memory, but not declarative memory. 
D)  Peter's memory will be largely unaffected. 
A)  Peter will have great difficulty with both short- and long-term memory. 
B)  Peter will be able to remember new memories, but not old memories. 
C)  Peter will be able to remember nondeclarative memory, but not declarative memory. 
D)  Peter's memory will be largely unaffected.

Question 4

In her study on adolescent sexual behavior,Rosenbaum found that

Accepted Answer

A)  adolescents accurately predict their sexual behavior in the future 
B)  only those who took virginity pledges had accurate memories of their sexual experiences 
C)  virginity pledges are highly effective in delaying sexual behavior 
D)  many adolescents change their memories of their sexual experiences 
A)  adolescents accurately predict their sexual behavior in the future 
B)  only those who took virginity pledges had accurate memories of their sexual experiences 
C)  virginity pledges are highly effective in delaying sexual behavior 
D)  many adolescents change their memories of their sexual experiences

Question 5

Which of the following is the best example of a network hierarchy?

Accepted Answer

A)  local, federal, state, international 
B)  German Shepherd, mammal, animal, cat 
C)  species, kingdom, phylum, class, human 
D)  Earth, Western Hemisphere, North America, Midwest, Iowa 
A)  local, federal, state, international 
B)  German Shepherd, mammal, animal, cat 
C)  species, kingdom, phylum, class, human 
D)  Earth, Western Hemisphere, North America, Midwest, Iowa

Question 6

Neuron A says to Neuron B,"Boy,I think I've had long-term potentiation happen to me for that historical date,1776." Neuron B asks,"So.What does that mean?" Neuron A replies:

Accepted Answer

A)  "I've become so much more in touch with my neighbor neurons." 
B)  "I will stop functioning if I hear that date again." 
C)  "The historical date causes me to shed my myelin sheath." 
D)  "I've become more likely to send inhibitory messages when I hear a similar piece of information." 
A)  "I've become so much more in touch with my neighbor neurons." 
B)  "I will stop functioning if I hear that date again." 
C)  "The historical date causes me to shed my myelin sheath." 
D)  "I've become more likely to send inhibitory messages when I hear a similar piece of information."

Question 7

The wording of a question:

Accepted Answer

A)  is usually ignored when people are trying to think of the answer to the question 
B)  is rarely remembered after a question has been answered 
C)  can influence the reporting of eyewitness testimony 
D)  can only cause a witness to be more confident in his or her answer 
A)  is usually ignored when people are trying to think of the answer to the question 
B)  is rarely remembered after a question has been answered 
C)  can influence the reporting of eyewitness testimony 
D)  can only cause a witness to be more confident in his or her answer

Question 8

You want a witness to testify that he saw a stop sign at the scene of an accident when,in fact,no such sign exists.Which of the following questions would be most effective?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Did you see a stop sign at the intersection?" 
B)  "Are you sure you didn't see a stop sign?" 
C)  "How fast was the white car going when it went through the stop sign?" 
D)  "Are there many stop signs in that neighborhood?" 
A)  "Did you see a stop sign at the intersection?" 
B)  "Are you sure you didn't see a stop sign?" 
C)  "How fast was the white car going when it went through the stop sign?" 
D)  "Are there many stop signs in that neighborhood?"

Question 9

Recent research shows that the hippocampus is involved in memory,but not:

Accepted Answer

A)  transferring memory into long-term memory 
B)  recalling remote personal events 
C)  storing memories 
D)  transferring declarative memories into long-term memory 
A)  transferring memory into long-term memory 
B)  recalling remote personal events 
C)  storing memories 
D)  transferring declarative memories into long-term memory

Question 10

Dr.Wilson cannot remember the name of her advisor when she was in medical school 30 years ago.She "knows" that she knows his name,and makes a great effort,but just can't remember.Dr.Wilson is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

A)  state-dependent learning 
B)  the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon 
C)  repression 
D)  proactive interference 
A)  state-dependent learning 
B)  the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon 
C)  repression 
D)  proactive interference

Question 11

In a famous case,a Russian man with a fantastic memory would remember the order of lists of numbers by mentally placing the numbers in familiar spots on Gorky Street in his hometown and then mentally walking down the street when he had to retrieve them.The Russian man's way of remembering is closest to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  method of loci 
B)  peg method 
C)  chunking technique 
D)  selective attention method 
A)  method of loci 
B)  peg method 
C)  chunking technique 
D)  selective attention method

Question 12

If memory loss follows a blow or damage to the brain,the person is suffering from:

Accepted Answer

A)  amnesia 
B)  Korsakoff's syndrome 
C)  Wernicke's aphasia 
D)  interference 
A)  amnesia 
B)  Korsakoff's syndrome 
C)  Wernicke's aphasia 
D)  interference

Question 13

Which of the following is the overall conclusion,based on three different studies of the memories of Asian and Euro-American participants described in the text?

Accepted Answer

A)  Asians, due to their collectivist cultures, are more oriented toward procedural memories than Euro-Americans. 
B)  Asians, due to their individualistic cultures, are more oriented toward autobiographical memories than Euro-Americans. 
C)  Asians may perceive the world as having more discrete events, and therefore recall more episodic memories than Euro-Americans. 
D)  Asians may perceive the world as having fewer discrete events, and therefore recall fewer episodic memories than Euro-Americans. 
A)  Asians, due to their collectivist cultures, are more oriented toward procedural memories than Euro-Americans. 
B)  Asians, due to their individualistic cultures, are more oriented toward autobiographical memories than Euro-Americans. 
C)  Asians may perceive the world as having more discrete events, and therefore recall more episodic memories than Euro-Americans. 
D)  Asians may perceive the world as having fewer discrete events, and therefore recall fewer episodic memories than Euro-Americans.

Question 14

The only research method available to researchers studying sexual activity in adolescents is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the survey method 
B)  naturalistic observation 
C)  the case study 
D)  the archival data method 
A)  the survey method 
B)  naturalistic observation 
C)  the case study 
D)  the archival data method

Question 15

In her geography class,Kelli is asked by the teacher to name the capital of Michigan.Kelli experiences the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.What is the best explanation for the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  Underlying the tip of the tongue is source misattribution. 
B)  Kelli failed to encode using state-dependent learning. 
C)  The information was encoded using inadequate retrieval cues. 
D)  The answer was repressed. 
A)  Underlying the tip of the tongue is source misattribution. 
B)  Kelli failed to encode using state-dependent learning. 
C)  The information was encoded using inadequate retrieval cues. 
D)  The answer was repressed.

Question 16

Most students show better memory on ____ tests compared to ____ tests.

Accepted Answer

A)  recognition; recall 
B)  recall; recognition 
C)  essay; fill-in-the blank 
D)  fill-in-the blank; multiple choice 
A)  recognition; recall 
B)  recall; recognition 
C)  essay; fill-in-the blank 
D)  fill-in-the blank; multiple choice

Question 17

You are helping to plan your family reunion.Ninety-six-year old Grandma Cassie is helping you to identify long-lost relatives.She remarks that she hasn't seen some of the relatives for decades and can't exactly remember their names.Which of the following strategies would help Grandma Cassie remember the names of these relatives?

Accepted Answer

A)  Teach Grandma Cassie to use the method of loci to help her with the names. 
B)  Grandma Cassie should write down all the names she can remember. 
C)  Show Grandma Cassie some pictures of these relatives. 
D)  Ask Grandma Cassie to think really hard about these relatives. 
A)  Teach Grandma Cassie to use the method of loci to help her with the names. 
B)  Grandma Cassie should write down all the names she can remember. 
C)  Show Grandma Cassie some pictures of these relatives. 
D)  Ask Grandma Cassie to think really hard about these relatives.

Question 18

Cindy does really well when Dr.Barrios gives a multiple-choice exam,but has a lot of trouble when his exams consist of essay questions.Cindy finds ____ easier than ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  recall; recognition 
B)  long-term retrieval; short-term retrieval 
C)  short-term retrieval; long-term retrieval 
D)  recognition; recall 
A)  recall; recognition 
B)  long-term retrieval; short-term retrieval 
C)  short-term retrieval; long-term retrieval 
D)  recognition; recall

Question 19

"If I take my psychology exam in this classroom,then I should study in this classroom." This would be consistent with the idea of:

Accepted Answer

A)  source misattribution 
B)  state-dependent learning 
C)  levels of processing 
D)  nondeclarative memory 
A)  source misattribution 
B)  state-dependent learning 
C)  levels of processing 
D)  nondeclarative memory

Question 20

We tend to better recognize faces of our own race rather than faces of other races.This is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  self-referent bias 
B)  racial attribution 
C)  own-race bias 
D)  racial bias attribution error 
A)  self-referent bias 
B)  racial attribution 
C)  own-race bias 
D)  racial bias attribution error

Exam 12: Remembering and Forgetting

According to state-dependent learning,being in the same emotional state during encoding and retrieving helps recall.This suggests:

In the network theory,nodes are like ____ that are connected.

Peter sustains damage to his cortex due to a car accident.What can we expect will be the changes to his memory?

In her study on adolescent sexual behavior,Rosenbaum found that

Which of the following is the best example of a network hierarchy?

Neuron A says to Neuron B,"Boy,I think I've had long-term potentiation happen to me for that historical date,1776." Neuron B asks,"So.What does that mean?" Neuron A replies:

The wording of a question:

You want a witness to testify that he saw a stop sign at the scene of an accident when,in fact,no such sign exists.Which of the following questions would be most effective?

Recent research shows that the hippocampus is involved in memory,but not:

Dr.Wilson cannot remember the name of her advisor when she was in medical school 30 years ago.She "knows" that she knows his name,and makes a great effort,but just can't remember.Dr.Wilson is experiencing:

If memory loss follows a blow or damage to the brain,the person is suffering from:

Which of the following is the overall conclusion,based on three different studies of the memories of Asian and Euro-American participants described in the text?

The only research method available to researchers studying sexual activity in adolescents is:

In her geography class,Kelli is asked by the teacher to name the capital of Michigan.Kelli experiences the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.What is the best explanation for the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon?

Most students show better memory on ____ tests compared to ____ tests.

Cindy does really well when Dr.Barrios gives a multiple-choice exam,but has a lot of trouble when his exams consist of essay questions.Cindy finds ____ easier than ____.

"If I take my psychology exam in this classroom,then I should study in this classroom." This would be consistent with the idea of:

We tend to better recognize faces of our own race rather than faces of other races.This is called:

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Most students show better memory on tests compared to tests.

Cindy does really well when Dr.Barrios gives a multiple-choice exam,but has a lot of trouble when his exams consist of essay questions.Cindy finds easier than .