Exam 2: Hereditary Influences on Development

The overall goal of modern genetic counseling is to

Describe the ways in which concordance rates and correlation coefficients differ in the study of trait heritability.

Kinship is strongest for

Suzanne is 16, her younger sister Ellen is 13, and the two girls are as different as night and day. Suzanne is impulsive, short-tempered, and generally hard to get along with, at least from her parents' point of view, although she is very popular with adolescents of her own age. Ellen is typically quiet and pensive, much more interested in school studies than in her peers and generally reserved around other people. (a) How do the girls rate on the introversion/extraversion scale? (b) In terms of genetics, how might the girls be so different? (c) In terms of environment, how might the girls be so different?

List three examples of defects that are attributable to a single pair of genes, rather than to chromosomal abnormalities.

If you were a rat in Tryon's selective breeding experiment, which other rat would be your breeding partner if you excelled in the maze test?

Identify two different types of twins, and describe the way in which each type of twinning occurs.

Sickle-cell anemia is a rare disease generally, but it is more common among ____ than among people of other races.

Monozygotic twins are the result of

Blondy inherited her good looks from her mother. She has received compliments about her beauty since childhood and has a positive self-image. Blondy's looks and the compliments encourage her to compete in a pageant. This illustrates a(n) ____ genotype/environment correlation.

When a person is homozygous for an inherited trait, the alleles inherited from mother and father are

Chromosomal abnormalities are often the result of an uneven distribution of chromosomes that occurs

PHENOTYPE is to GENOTYPE as ____ is to ____.

Some women display recessive sex-linked traits such as color blindness. When this occurs, what can you infer about the genotype and phenotype for each of the parents?

For traits that are determined by single pairs of genes, recessive traits occur on population phenotypes ____ than those of dominant traits.

The fertilized ovum is identified as a(n)

SELECTIVE BREEDING is to FAMILY STUDY as ____ is to ____.

Germline gene therapy bears closest resemblance to

Which of these illustrates the presence of a recessive sex-linked allele?

Sex-linked genetic characteristics