Exam 2: Hereditary Influences on Development

Which of these medical diagnostic tests can be done earliest in pregnancy?

DOMINANT TRAIT is to RECESSIVE TRAIT as ____ is to ____ in phenotypes.

Discuss the ethological perspective in terms of the nature vs. nurture issue and the activity vs. passivity issue.

During the 1800s, Gregory Mendel studied the inheritance of traits that are

A(n) ____ genotype/environment correlation happens when the parents' genetic traits induce them to provide a family home environment that stimulates children's interests in the trait or activity.

In family studies of trait heritability, concordance rates are calculated instead of correlations when

Canalization and range of reaction are ____ because traits that are strongly canalized have narrow reaction range, and vice versa.

CONCORDANCE RATE is to CORRELATION COEFFICIENT as ____ is to ____.

Genetic counseling can involve all of the following EXCEPT

Summarize current thinking regarding hereditary contributions to behavior disorders and mental illnesses. What contribution does a person's environment make to these?

The biological process of mitosis is described as the

For which trait would concordance rate be chosen for family study analysis, rather than correlation?

One notion of biological inheritance is that traits of the two parents are blended, like mixing paint colors, to form the phenotypic traits of the offspring. This notion was ____ Mendel's experimental results with peas.

Which research topic would most appeal to a human ethologist such as John Bowlby?

Parents with innate musical skill fill their home with musical instruments and related paraphernalia. Their kids develop interests in musical performance, thus showing a(n) ____ genotype/environment correlation.

Early in their marriage, in their mid-20s, Charles and Leona had two normal children, a boy and girl. Later, when Charles and Leona were both 42 years old, Leona unexpectedly became pregnant again, despite the birth control methods the couple had practiced for many years. Both parents were in good physical health and there was no history of genetic disorders in either of their families. Still, they wondered about the risks of a genetic or chromosomal disorder in their child-to-be. (a) What might a genetic counselor tell the parents about their chances of having a child with Down syndrome? (b) What methods might be employed to determine if the fetus is normal prior to birth? (c) What other kinds of defects might these methods detect?

Which technique of prenatal diagnosis generates an image of the developing baby's body shape?

Concerning sex-linked genetic characteristics, most are ____ and appear most often in ____ phenotypes.

An adaptive advantage of sickle-cell anemia is that it

Traits that ____ tend to display the all-or-none pattern of phenotypic expression.