Question 1

Infants learn from parents that conversing involves taking turns when talking. This exemplifies a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) environmental/social support for language development. 
B) phenotypic expression of a canalized genotype. 
C) lexical contrast constraint. 
D) expression of grammatical morphemes. 
A) environmental/social support for language development. 
B) phenotypic expression of a canalized genotype. 
C) lexical contrast constraint. 
D) expression of grammatical morphemes.

Question 2

Progress in effective communication during childhood is

Accepted Answer

A) attributable to the quickening of telegraphic speech. 
B) mainly due to the growth of the LAD. 
C) mainly due to the containment of the naming explosion. 
D) due both to gains in cognitive skills and sociolinguistic understanding. 
A) attributable to the quickening of telegraphic speech. 
B) mainly due to the growth of the LAD. 
C) mainly due to the containment of the naming explosion. 
D) due both to gains in cognitive skills and sociolinguistic understanding.

Question 3

Apes' usage of symbolic codes and sign languages rises to the level of a human at the age of

Accepted Answer

A) one year. 
B) two and a half years. 
C) four years. 
D) six years. 
A) one year. 
B) two and a half years. 
C) four years. 
D) six years.

Question 4

When preschoolers fail to understand an uninformative message, it is because they

Accepted Answer

A) tell other children that the nonsense has meaning elsewhere. 
B) guess at what the message meant, focusing on what they think the speaker is saying. 
C) become upset. 
D) repeat to others the "verbal nonsense" that they heard. 
A) tell other children that the nonsense has meaning elsewhere. 
B) guess at what the message meant, focusing on what they think the speaker is saying. 
C) become upset. 
D) repeat to others the "verbal nonsense" that they heard.

Question 5

Contrast declarative and imperative gestures, and use examples to illustrate each type of gesture.

Accepted Answer

Declarative gestures are those that conv

Question 6

Teresa hid dad's slippers. With a smile, he waves his hands and uses baby talk to wonder where his slippers "walked off to hide." Dad shows

Accepted Answer

A) multimodal motherese. 
B) how pidgins become changed into creoles. 
C) the sensitive-period hypothesis. 
D) the adult-age expression of vocables. 
A) multimodal motherese. 
B) how pidgins become changed into creoles. 
C) the sensitive-period hypothesis. 
D) the adult-age expression of vocables.

Question 7

"Negative evidence" in early language acquisition

Accepted Answer

A) confuses the child and retards speaking. 
B) means that parents ignore the child's mistakes. 
C) means that a parent detects the child's error and helps with its correction. 
D) punishes the child's errors but gives emotional support. 
A) confuses the child and retards speaking. 
B) means that parents ignore the child's mistakes. 
C) means that a parent detects the child's error and helps with its correction. 
D) punishes the child's errors but gives emotional support.

Question 8

____ are the baby's earliest vocalizations other than crying, and they appear by the age of two months.

Accepted Answer

A) Babbles 
B) Transformational lexical phonemes 
C) Prelinguistic fast-mappers 
D) Coos 
A) Babbles 
B) Transformational lexical phonemes 
C) Prelinguistic fast-mappers 
D) Coos

Question 9

Of the following, the passive-voice sentence that children younger than nine or 10 would have the most difficulty understanding is

Accepted Answer

A) the yellow car was hit by the green car 
B) the tiny kitten was hit by the green car. 
C) the yellow car was washed by the two boys. 
D) the red-haired boy chased the brown horse. 
A) the yellow car was hit by the green car 
B) the tiny kitten was hit by the green car. 
C) the yellow car was washed by the two boys. 
D) the red-haired boy chased the brown horse.

Question 10

Three-year-old Reggie says, "The mouses runned their foots into the hole." These sentence errors are called

Accepted Answer

A) object scope constraints. 
B) lexical contrasts. 
C) overregularizations. 
D) holophrases. 
A) object scope constraints. 
B) lexical contrasts. 
C) overregularizations. 
D) holophrases.

Question 11

At the holophrastic stage of language acquisition, the one-word terms the child uses are

Accepted Answer

A) simply labels for common objects or actions that occur frequently. 
B) typically imitations of adult words that have little meaning for the child. 
C) believed to be attempts to express complex or elaborate ideas with only a single word. 
D) the first evidence that the child's speech is rule-governed, not imitative. 
A) simply labels for common objects or actions that occur frequently. 
B) typically imitations of adult words that have little meaning for the child. 
C) believed to be attempts to express complex or elaborate ideas with only a single word. 
D) the first evidence that the child's speech is rule-governed, not imitative.

Question 12

Contrast a referential style with an expressive style of early language use.

Accepted Answer

A referential style of early language us

Question 13

"Mutual exclusivity" is a word-meaning constraint that

Accepted Answer

A) says a name applies to the entire object. 
B) means categories are separate and nonoverlapping. 
C) means categories enclose objects with resemblances. 
D) states each word has its own unique meaning. 
A) says a name applies to the entire object. 
B) means categories are separate and nonoverlapping. 
C) means categories enclose objects with resemblances. 
D) states each word has its own unique meaning.

Question 14

Infants use hand gestures and facial expressions to communicate with others by the average age of

Accepted Answer

A) two weeks. 
B) two months. 
C) five months. 
D) nine months. 
A) two weeks. 
B) two months. 
C) five months. 
D) nine months.

Question 15

Most often infants' first words are

Accepted Answer

A) adjectives that modify nouns' features. 
B) verbs that describe actions. 
C) connectives, such as and or but. 
D) nouns that refer to familiar objects. 
A) adjectives that modify nouns' features. 
B) verbs that describe actions. 
C) connectives, such as and or but. 
D) nouns that refer to familiar objects.

Question 16

The holophrase period of language development is characterized by the child's utterance of

Accepted Answer

A) units of receptive language. 
B) single words that convey the meanings of sentences. 
C) exotic unfamiliar phonemes. 
D) simplified three-word sentences. 
A) units of receptive language. 
B) single words that convey the meanings of sentences. 
C) exotic unfamiliar phonemes. 
D) simplified three-word sentences.

Question 17

How many morphemes are in the word "dogs"?

Accepted Answer

A) One 
B) Two 
C) Four 
D) None 
A) One 
B) Two 
C) Four 
D) None

Question 18

Regarding infants' fluency in listening and speaking,

Accepted Answer

A) comprehension tends to be more advanced than expression. 
B) neither comprehension nor expression is evident prior to the age of 18 months. 
C) expression tends to be more advanced than comprehension. 
D) meaningful comparisons between comprehension and expression cannot be made. 
A) comprehension tends to be more advanced than expression. 
B) neither comprehension nor expression is evident prior to the age of 18 months. 
C) expression tends to be more advanced than comprehension. 
D) meaningful comparisons between comprehension and expression cannot be made.

Question 19

A grade-schooler says, "There's something wrong with the way words are arranged in this sentence." The child shows ____ awareness.

Accepted Answer

A) creolized 
B) phonological 
C) pragmatical 
D) grammatical 
A) creolized 
B) phonological 
C) pragmatical 
D) grammatical

Question 20

A bilingual person uses a minimum of ____ language(s).

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four

Infants learn from parents that conversing involves taking turns when talking. This exemplifies a(n)

Progress in effective communication during childhood is

Apes' usage of symbolic codes and sign languages rises to the level of a human at the age of

When preschoolers fail to understand an uninformative message, it is because they

Contrast declarative and imperative gestures, and use examples to illustrate each type of gesture.

Teresa hid dad's slippers. With a smile, he waves his hands and uses baby talk to wonder where his slippers "walked off to hide." Dad shows

"Negative evidence" in early language acquisition

____ are the baby's earliest vocalizations other than crying, and they appear by the age of two months.

Of the following, the passive-voice sentence that children younger than nine or 10 would have the most difficulty understanding is

Three-year-old Reggie says, "The mouses runned their foots into the hole." These sentence errors are called

At the holophrastic stage of language acquisition, the one-word terms the child uses are

Contrast a referential style with an expressive style of early language use.

"Mutual exclusivity" is a word-meaning constraint that

Infants use hand gestures and facial expressions to communicate with others by the average age of

Most often infants' first words are

The holophrase period of language development is characterized by the child's utterance of

How many morphemes are in the word "dogs"?

Regarding infants' fluency in listening and speaking,

A grade-schooler says, "There's something wrong with the way words are arranged in this sentence." The child shows ____ awareness.

A bilingual person uses a minimum of ____ language(s).

Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Infancy

Physical Development: the Brain, the Body, Motor Skills, and Sexual Development

Cognitive Development: Piagets Theory and Vygotskys Sociocultural Viewpoint

Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives

Intelligence: Measuring Mental Performance

Emotional Development, Temperament, and Attachment

Development of the Self-Concept

Sex Differences and Gender-Role Development

Aggression, Altruism, and Moral Development

The Context of Development I: the Family

The Context of Development

Filters

Exam 9: Development of Language and Communication Skills

Infants learn from parents that conversing involves taking turns when talking. This exemplifies a(n)

Progress in effective communication during childhood is

Apes' usage of symbolic codes and sign languages rises to the level of a human at the age of

When preschoolers fail to understand an uninformative message, it is because they

Contrast declarative and imperative gestures, and use examples to illustrate each type of gesture.

Teresa hid dad's slippers. With a smile, he waves his hands and uses baby talk to wonder where his slippers "walked off to hide." Dad shows

"Negative evidence" in early language acquisition

____ are the baby's earliest vocalizations other than crying, and they appear by the age of two months.

Of the following, the passive-voice sentence that children younger than nine or 10 would have the most difficulty understanding is

Three-year-old Reggie says, "The mouses runned their foots into the hole." These sentence errors are called

At the holophrastic stage of language acquisition, the one-word terms the child uses are

Contrast a referential style with an expressive style of early language use.

"Mutual exclusivity" is a word-meaning constraint that

Infants use hand gestures and facial expressions to communicate with others by the average age of

Most often infants' first words are

The holophrase period of language development is characterized by the child's utterance of

How many morphemes are in the word "dogs"?

Regarding infants' fluency in listening and speaking,

A grade-schooler says, "There's something wrong with the way words are arranged in this sentence." The child shows ____ awareness.

A bilingual person uses a minimum of ____ language(s).

Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Infancy

Physical Development: the Brain, the Body, Motor Skills, and Sexual Development

Cognitive Development: Piagets Theory and Vygotskys Sociocultural Viewpoint

Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives

Intelligence: Measuring Mental Performance

Emotional Development, Temperament, and Attachment

Development of the Self-Concept

Sex Differences and Gender-Role Development

Aggression, Altruism, and Moral Development

The Context of Development I: the Family

The Context of Development

Filters