Exam 20: Recombinant DNA Technology

The main purpose of a probe is its insertion in plasmid DNA.

Reverse transcriptase is often used as the heat-stable enzyme in PCR.

In the polymerase chain reaction,what is the purpose of the initial high temperature? What is the purpose of cooling in the second step?

Restriction endonucleases typically recognize palindromic DNA sequences and often generate "sticky ends" or single-stranded DNA overhangs at cut sites.

List two especially useful characteristics of cloning vectors.

What is meant by the designation EcoRI?

Name at least two typical characteristics of a DNA cloning plasmid?

What is a popular approach that is often used to introduce the targeting vector into cells?

What is a cDNA molecule?

Molecular biologists rely on many,often sophisticated,techniques to pursue their discipline.One may list ultracentrifugation,electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,electrophoresis,and computer interfacing as fundamental tools.Model organisms provide the raw materials for study.List three "organisms" (or organismic groups)often used by recombinant DNA technologists and describe a major advantage of each group.

What term is used to refer to the process in which DNA can be introduced into host bacterial cells?

Some vectors such as pUC18 and others of the pUC series contain a large number of restriction enzyme sites clustered in one region.Which term is given to this advantageous arrangement of restriction sites?

What is the fundamental purpose of creating a knockout organism?

In general,the main goal of cloning is to include as many different genes as possible in a single cloning vector.