Exam 6: Learning

Describe how Albert Bandura's social learning theory is similar to and different from behaviorism as conceived by B. F. Skinner.

Jennifer normally experiences a flood of romantic feelings whenever she smells a particular cologne because it reminds her of her boyfriend. Thankfully, when her younger brother wears a different cologne, she does not experience the same feelings. This is an example of ____.

The concept of primary and secondary reinforcers is most associated with ____.

In classical conditioning, extinction occurs when the ____.

John B. Watson was successful in conditioning ____ in "Little Albert."

The simplest type of learning seen in living things is ____.

When disulfiram is used to treat alcoholism through aversion therapy, the neutral stimulus in this classical conditioning example is ____.

Freddie used to feed her cat canned cat food. Now every time Freddie uses the can opener, her cat gets very excited and starts meowing. In this example, the US is ____.

According to Skinner, in classical conditioning, behavior is ____, but in operant conditioning, behavior is ____.

B. F. Skinner's name for the law of effect is ____.

Punishing a child's misbehavior only occasionally when it occurs may mean that the behavior is actually being reinforced on a partial schedule because the child is able to "get away" with doing the behavior some of the time. This program of punishment would then have the result of making the ____.

Which of the following is an example of an orienting reflex?

Sarah was bitten by a dog, which naturally was a very scary experience. Now, when Sarah even hears a dog barking, she feels afraid. In this example, dog barking is the ____.

As a child, Hondo was stung by a copper-colored wasp. Now, whenever he sees a larger yellow-black wasp, he becomes very fearful. Based on classical conditioning, explain Hondo's reaction.

Aversion therapy that uses disulfiram to treat alcoholism is based on the principle of ____.

Primary reinforcers ____.

In nonhuman animals, a taste aversion that is learned following a 10-hour gap between the neutral stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus would ____.

Secondary reinforcers ____.

Little Albert learned to associate a ____.

It is likely that a behavior that shows cycles of high rates of response followed by low rates of response has been reinforced on a ____ schedule of reinforcement.