Exam 6: Learning

A positive consequence or presentation of a stimulus ____.

Compared to classical conditioning, operant conditioning is more likely to result in ____.

Positive reinforcement and negative punishment are ____.

Sam recently lost his grandmother. Now Sam feels sad whenever he smells the perfume his beloved grandmother used to wear. In this example, the loss of his grandmother is the ____.

The fact that to be effective, punishment must be aversive and reinforcement must not be trivial, suggests that ____.

Describe how operant conditioning is similar to and different from classical conditioning.

Reinforcement of a behavior only some of the time it occurs is called a ____ reinforcement schedule.

In a token economy, ____.

When four-year-old Barbara misbehaves, her mother has her stand in the corner for five minutes. What kind of punishment is Barbara's mother using?

If a teacher wants to change a pattern of student studying that typically increases on the days prior to a test and drops to almost no studying at all in the days following a test, she should try a variable interval schedule such as a system that uses ____.

Juan feels nauseous every time he eats pizza because one time he ate pizza just before coming down with a stomach virus. Juan's nausea is most likely due to ____.

The fact that you go to work each day in order to have enough money to pay your bills is best explained by ____.

Robyn's father tells her if she does not practice the violin for 30 minutes every evening, she will not get computer time that evening. Robyn's father is using ____.

Describe John B. Watson's research with Little Albert and identify the unconditioned, neutral, and conditioned stimuli and the unconditioned and conditioned responses in the original study.

Tad's ex-girlfriend used to wear a rose-scented perfume. Since their bitter breakup, Tad has found that he feels angry whenever he smells this rose-scented perfume. In order for Tad to get to the point where smelling this perfume will no longer make him feel angry, he should ______.

A company that markets air fresheners has a series of commercials about being "nose-blind," that is, people getting used to odors such as those from pets or cooking pungent foods to the extent that they no longer notice them. "Nose-blindness" is actually ____.

Albert Bandura found through his research that ____.

Continuous schedules of reinforcement are to ____ as partial schedules of reinforcement are to ____.

Albert Bandura is best known for his studies on ____.

When a parent suddenly turns toward the baby crying in the other room while talking through the telephone, ____ has occurred.