Question 1

Which gel constituents are essential in ensuring partial DNA strand separation in the DGGE technique? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A) Urea gradient 
B) Temperature gradient 
C) GC-rich primer clamp 
D) Polyacrylamide 
E) Applied voltage 
A) Urea gradient 
B) Temperature gradient 
C) GC-rich primer clamp 
D) Polyacrylamide 
E) Applied voltage

Question 2

Proteorhodopsin has been found in many marine bacteria,including the SAR-11 group.This protein has activity :

Accepted Answer

A) In the detection of light. 
B) As a light-driven proton pump. 
C) As a photosynthetic reaction center. 
D) As a repressor for global regulation. 
E) As an activator for global regulation. 
A) In the detection of light. 
B) As a light-driven proton pump. 
C) As a photosynthetic reaction center. 
D) As a repressor for global regulation. 
E) As an activator for global regulation.

Question 3

Which of these technologies gives direct sequence information?

Accepted Answer

A) RNA-SIP 
B) Metagenomics 
C) DDGE 
D) FISH 
E) T-RFLP scanning 
A) RNA-SIP 
B) Metagenomics 
C) DDGE 
D) FISH 
E) T-RFLP scanning

Question 4

Given the information in this figure and your knowledge from Chapter 10,what aspect of the illustration may not be strictly accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) RNA sequencing is not possible because hairpin formations inhibit polymerase activity 
B) Sequencing runs of 1400 base pairs are unlikely to occur with existing technology 
C) Universal primer lengths are too short for conventional PCR 
D) No choices are correct 
E) Universal primer lengths are too long for conventional PCR 
A) RNA sequencing is not possible because hairpin formations inhibit polymerase activity 
B) Sequencing runs of 1400 base pairs are unlikely to occur with existing technology 
C) Universal primer lengths are too short for conventional PCR 
D) No choices are correct 
E) Universal primer lengths are too long for conventional PCR

Question 5

What is the deepest that viable microorganisms have been found in the Earth's crust?

Accepted Answer

A) 100 meters 
B) 500 meters 
C) 1000 meters 
D) 1500 meters 
E) 3000 meters 
A) 100 meters 
B) 500 meters 
C) 1000 meters 
D) 1500 meters 
E) 3000 meters

Question 6

In terrestrial environments,where is the greatest microbial diversity found?

Accepted Answer

A) lakes 
B) rivers and streams 
C) soil 
D) rocks 
E) springs 
A) lakes 
B) rivers and streams 
C) soil 
D) rocks 
E) springs

Question 7

Select the pair of microbes belonging to the same guild:

Accepted Answer

A) Methanobrevibacter smithii,E.coli 
B) 
E) coli,Caulobacter 
C) Pseudomonas,Desulfovibrio 
D) Azotobacter,Pseudomonas 
E) None is a correct choice 
A) Methanobrevibacter smithii,E.coli 
B) 
E) coli,Caulobacter 
C) Pseudomonas,Desulfovibrio 
D) Azotobacter,Pseudomonas 
E) None is a correct choice

Question 8

To grow the widest diversity of marine microbes from the open ocean requires growth media that contain which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) High concentrations of vitamins. 
B) High concentrations of carbohydrates and salts. 
C) High concentrations of siderophores. 
D) Very low carbon concentrations. 
E) Very low concentrations of proteins and high concentrations of carbohydrates. 
A) High concentrations of vitamins. 
B) High concentrations of carbohydrates and salts. 
C) High concentrations of siderophores. 
D) Very low carbon concentrations. 
E) Very low concentrations of proteins and high concentrations of carbohydrates.

Question 9

Intestinal E.coli and Methanobrevibacter smithii are members of the same:

Accepted Answer

A) ecosystem 
B) biofilm 
C) genus 
D) niche 
E) guild 
A) ecosystem 
B) biofilm 
C) genus 
D) niche 
E) guild

Question 10

Lignocellulose is primarily mineralized by this group of organisms during plant decomposition.

Accepted Answer

A) fungi 
B) Gram positive bacteria 
C) Gram negative bacteria 
D) Archaea 
E) slime molds 
A) fungi 
B) Gram positive bacteria 
C) Gram negative bacteria 
D) Archaea 
E) slime molds

Question 11

Due to the environment from which it can be isolated,we can characterize Thiobacillus as: (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A) Barophilic 
B) Chemolithotrophic 
C) Photolithotrophic 
D) Thermophilic 
E) oligotrophic 
A) Barophilic 
B) Chemolithotrophic 
C) Photolithotrophic 
D) Thermophilic 
E) oligotrophic

Question 12

Which of these represents MOST of the ocean's organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) fish 
B) sea mammals 
C) archaea 
D) marine viruses 
E) bacteria 
A) fish 
B) sea mammals 
C) archaea 
D) marine viruses 
E) bacteria

Question 13

DNA-SIP technology relies upon the differential:

Accepted Answer

A) AT richness of organisms growing in an environmental sample 
B) Isotope incorporation into DNA of assimilatory microbes within an environmental sample 
C) Distribution of nitrogen in the proteins of actively metabolizing cells 
D) Distribution of carbon into the cytoplasmic constituents of actively growing cells 
E) None is a correct choice 
A) AT richness of organisms growing in an environmental sample 
B) Isotope incorporation into DNA of assimilatory microbes within an environmental sample 
C) Distribution of nitrogen in the proteins of actively metabolizing cells 
D) Distribution of carbon into the cytoplasmic constituents of actively growing cells 
E) None is a correct choice

Question 14

Which two lanes appear to have DNA from the most closely related or identical microbes/populations?

Accepted Answer

A) Lanes 3 and 4 
B) Lanes 4 and 5 
C) Lanes 5 and 6 
D) Lanes 8 and 9 
E) Lanes 12 and 14 
A) Lanes 3 and 4 
B) Lanes 4 and 5 
C) Lanes 5 and 6 
D) Lanes 8 and 9 
E) Lanes 12 and 14

Question 15

Microbes can form a biofilm on any type of surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of these regulates the formation of biofilms?

Accepted Answer

A) photosynthesis 
B) quorum sensing 
C) water availability 
D) catabolite repression 
E) end product repression 
A) photosynthesis 
B) quorum sensing 
C) water availability 
D) catabolite repression 
E) end product repression

Question 17

All of the following but one are xenobiotics that frequently contaminate our terrestrial environments.Which one does NOT represent a xenobiotic?

Accepted Answer

A) polychlorinated biphenyls 
B) polycyclic aromatics 
C) lignin 
D) trichloroethylene 
E) nitroaromatics 
A) polychlorinated biphenyls 
B) polycyclic aromatics 
C) lignin 
D) trichloroethylene 
E) nitroaromatics

Question 18

Today,the most effective technique for analyzing microbial community structure is based on this analysis.

Accepted Answer

A) Sequencing small subunit rRNA. 
B) Identification of the catabolic enzymes present. 
C) Isolation and characterization of microbes from the community. 
D) Enrichment culture technique for microbial isolation. 
E) Identification of metabolic intermediates that accumulate in the environment. 
A) Sequencing small subunit rRNA. 
B) Identification of the catabolic enzymes present. 
C) Isolation and characterization of microbes from the community. 
D) Enrichment culture technique for microbial isolation. 
E) Identification of metabolic intermediates that accumulate in the environment.

Question 19

Which of these is NOT an advantage of living in a biofilm community?

Accepted Answer

A) protection from predation 
B) water availability 
C) protection from toxins 
D) nutrient availability 
E) all are advantages of biofilm community living 
A) protection from predation 
B) water availability 
C) protection from toxins 
D) nutrient availability 
E) all are advantages of biofilm community living

Question 20

Microbes which display the same physiological responses to environment and others within a community are said to occupy the same:

Accepted Answer

A) ecosystem 
B) biofilm 
C) community 
D) niche 
E) environment 
A) ecosystem 
B) biofilm 
C) community 
D) niche 
E) environment

Exam 15: Microbial Ecosystems

Which gel constituents are essential in ensuring partial DNA strand separation in the DGGE technique? (Select all that apply)

Proteorhodopsin has been found in many marine bacteria,including the SAR-11 group.This protein has activity :

Which of these technologies gives direct sequence information?

Given the information in this figure and your knowledge from Chapter 10,what aspect of the illustration may not be strictly accurate?

What is the deepest that viable microorganisms have been found in the Earth's crust?

In terrestrial environments,where is the greatest microbial diversity found?

Select the pair of microbes belonging to the same guild:

To grow the widest diversity of marine microbes from the open ocean requires growth media that contain which of the following?

Intestinal E.coli and Methanobrevibacter smithii are members of the same:

Lignocellulose is primarily mineralized by this group of organisms during plant decomposition.

Due to the environment from which it can be isolated,we can characterize Thiobacillus as: (Select all that apply)

Which of these represents MOST of the ocean's organisms?

DNA-SIP technology relies upon the differential:

Which two lanes appear to have DNA from the most closely related or identical microbes/populations?

Microbes can form a biofilm on any type of surface.

Which of these regulates the formation of biofilms?

All of the following but one are xenobiotics that frequently contaminate our terrestrial environments.Which one does NOT represent a xenobiotic?

Today,the most effective technique for analyzing microbial community structure is based on this analysis.

Which of these is NOT an advantage of living in a biofilm community?

Microbes which display the same physiological responses to environment and others within a community are said to occupy the same:

The Microbial World

Bacteria

Eukaryal Microbes

Archaea

Viruses

Cultivating Microorganisms

DNA Replication and Gene Expression

Viral Replication Strategies

Bacterial Genetic Analysis

Microbial Genomics

Regulation of Gene Expression

Microbial Biotechnology

Metabolism

Biogeochemical Cycles

The Microbiology of Food and Water

Microbial Symbionts

Introduction to Infectious Diseases

Innate Host Defenses Against Microbial Invasion

Adaptive Immunity

Virulence Factors and Pathogenic Mechanisms of Bacterial Infections

Viral Pathogenesis

Eukaryal Microbe Pathogenesis

Control of Infectious Diseases

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