Question 1

Neutrophils are commonly referred to as _________________ because of their odd shaped nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A) monocytes 
B) lymphocytes 
C) dendritic cells 
D) polymophonuclear leukocytes 
E) multinuclear leukocytes 
A) monocytes 
B) lymphocytes 
C) dendritic cells 
D) polymophonuclear leukocytes 
E) multinuclear leukocytes

Question 2

Insects are able to produce antimicrobial peptides to protect themselves from some pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The respiratory burst ensures digestion of susceptible microbes through: (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A) Release of proteases 
B) Hypochlorite ion release inside mitochondria 
C) Release of hydrogen peroxide within the phagolysosome 
D) Superoxide radical generation within the bacterial cell 
E) Production of nitrous oxide within the phagolysosome 
A) Release of proteases 
B) Hypochlorite ion release inside mitochondria 
C) Release of hydrogen peroxide within the phagolysosome 
D) Superoxide radical generation within the bacterial cell 
E) Production of nitrous oxide within the phagolysosome

Question 4

What is a hemocyte?

Accepted Answer

A) A type of phagocytic red blood cell. 
B) An antibody producing cell found in invertebrates. 
C) A major phagocyte found in insects. 
D) A complement producing cell in the bloodstream. 
E) Macrophages found in the liver. 
A) A type of phagocytic red blood cell. 
B) An antibody producing cell found in invertebrates. 
C) A major phagocyte found in insects. 
D) A complement producing cell in the bloodstream. 
E) Macrophages found in the liver.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a natural defense barrier against infection of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A) large numbers of resident microbes 
B) bile salts 
C) peristalsis 
D) mucus 
E) antimicrobial peptides 
A) large numbers of resident microbes 
B) bile salts 
C) peristalsis 
D) mucus 
E) antimicrobial peptides

Question 6

Mast cell defenses rely upon:

Accepted Answer

A) IgE production by activated B cells 
B) IgG production by activated T cells 
C) Cytotoxic B cell granzyme production 
D) Macrophage stimulation 
E) Prior neutrophil respiratory burst activity 
A) IgE production by activated B cells 
B) IgG production by activated T cells 
C) Cytotoxic B cell granzyme production 
D) Macrophage stimulation 
E) Prior neutrophil respiratory burst activity

Question 7

Which of these complement proteins possesses polymerization initiation function?

Accepted Answer

A) C1 
B) C5 
C) C6 
D) C8 
E) C9 
A) C1 
B) C5 
C) C6 
D) C8 
E) C9

Question 8

Antifungal effects are produced when invertebrates synthesize: (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A) Metchnikovin 
B) Attacin 
C) Dipterin 
D) Drosomycin 
E) Defensin 
A) Metchnikovin 
B) Attacin 
C) Dipterin 
D) Drosomycin 
E) Defensin

Question 9

A patient suffers from a genetic inability to produce lysozyme.Which infections might she be more susceptible to? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A) respiratory 
B) skin 
C) digestive 
D) reproductive 
E) eye 
A) respiratory 
B) skin 
C) digestive 
D) reproductive 
E) eye

Question 10

Which one of the following is NOT a nonspecific natural defense barrier against microbial invasion?

Accepted Answer

A) ciliated epithelial cells 
B) lysozyme 
C) mucus 
D) antimicrobial peptides 
E) antibodies produced from B lymphocytes 
A) ciliated epithelial cells 
B) lysozyme 
C) mucus 
D) antimicrobial peptides 
E) antibodies produced from B lymphocytes

Question 11

Which one of the following is NOT part of the mucosal surface defense barrier against microbial invasion?

Accepted Answer

A) lysozyme 
B) keratinized cells 
C) ciliated epithelial cells 
D) lactoferrin 
E) mucus 
A) lysozyme 
B) keratinized cells 
C) ciliated epithelial cells 
D) lactoferrin 
E) mucus

Question 12

What are toll-like receptors (TLRs)?

Accepted Answer

A) PAMPs found in invertebrates. 
B) PAMPs found in vertebrates. 
C) PRRs found in vertebrates and invertebrates. 
D) PRRs found only in vertebrates. 
E) PAMPs found in vertebrates and invertebrates. 
A) PAMPs found in invertebrates. 
B) PAMPs found in vertebrates. 
C) PRRs found in vertebrates and invertebrates. 
D) PRRs found only in vertebrates. 
E) PAMPs found in vertebrates and invertebrates.

Question 13

Which of these molecules is NOT responsible for iron binding?

Accepted Answer

A) hemoglobin 
B) myoglobin 
C) immunoglobulin 
D) lactoferrin 
E) transferrin 
A) hemoglobin 
B) myoglobin 
C) immunoglobulin 
D) lactoferrin 
E) transferrin

Question 14

What is the main function of eosinophils?

Accepted Answer

A) To cause hay fever. 
B) To protect against helminths. 
C) To protect against viruses. 
D) To stimulate the inflammatory response. 
E) To protect against bacteria. 
A) To cause hay fever. 
B) To protect against helminths. 
C) To protect against viruses. 
D) To stimulate the inflammatory response. 
E) To protect against bacteria.

Question 15

What is the term for small proinflammatory protein molecules that are secreted by various cells to signal other cells of the immune system?

Accepted Answer

A) lactoferrins 
B) cytokines 
C) immunogens 
D) antigens 
E) defensins. 
A) lactoferrins 
B) cytokines 
C) immunogens 
D) antigens 
E) defensins.

Question 16

Which of these complement proteins possesses an enzymatic capability when activated?

Accepted Answer

A) C9 
B) C7 
C) C5 
D) C4 
E) C8 
A) C9 
B) C7 
C) C5 
D) C4 
E) C8

Question 17

Which paired molecules produce apoptosis of microbial cells

Accepted Answer

A) Complement C1,peroxide 
B) Defensins,granzyme 
C) Granzyme,perforin 
D) Lysozyme,nitrous oxide 
E) Protease,lysozyme 
A) Complement C1,peroxide 
B) Defensins,granzyme 
C) Granzyme,perforin 
D) Lysozyme,nitrous oxide 
E) Protease,lysozyme

Question 18

Which is an example of innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

A) The development of a specific antibody response. 
B) An immunization. 
C) The development of a specific cell mediated response. 
D) The removal of a bacterial cell in the lungs by a resident macrophage. 
E) A quick immune response against an influenza virus because of a previous exposure. 
A) The development of a specific antibody response. 
B) An immunization. 
C) The development of a specific cell mediated response. 
D) The removal of a bacterial cell in the lungs by a resident macrophage. 
E) A quick immune response against an influenza virus because of a previous exposure.

Question 19

If an individual is resistant to infection and disease development by a specific pathogen,the person is said to be _______________ to the infectious agent.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If an individual is resistant to infection...

Question 20

A special type of endocytosis whereby large particles or microbial cells are taken into a cell and enclosed in an endosome for digestion is called __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A special type of endocytosis whereby large...

Exam 19: Innate Host Defenses Against Microbial Invasion

Neutrophils are commonly referred to as _________________ because of their odd shaped nucleus.

Insects are able to produce antimicrobial peptides to protect themselves from some pathogens.

The respiratory burst ensures digestion of susceptible microbes through: (Select all that apply)

What is a hemocyte?

Which of the following is NOT a natural defense barrier against infection of the small intestine?

Mast cell defenses rely upon:

Which of these complement proteins possesses polymerization initiation function?

Antifungal effects are produced when invertebrates synthesize: (Select all that apply)

A patient suffers from a genetic inability to produce lysozyme.Which infections might she be more susceptible to? (Select all that apply)

Which one of the following is NOT a nonspecific natural defense barrier against microbial invasion?

Which one of the following is NOT part of the mucosal surface defense barrier against microbial invasion?

What are toll-like receptors (TLRs)?

Which of these molecules is NOT responsible for iron binding?

What is the main function of eosinophils?

What is the term for small proinflammatory protein molecules that are secreted by various cells to signal other cells of the immune system?

Which of these complement proteins possesses an enzymatic capability when activated?

Which paired molecules produce apoptosis of microbial cells

Which is an example of innate immunity?

If an individual is resistant to infection and disease development by a specific pathogen,the person is said to be _______________ to the infectious agent.

A special type of endocytosis whereby large particles or microbial cells are taken into a cell and enclosed in an endosome for digestion is called __________________.

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