Question 1

Factors which have likely affected the decimation of amphibian species in recent years include:

Accepted Answer

A) Exposure to novel fungal pathogens 
B) Stress because of climate change 
C) Overhunting by pet store staff 
D) Distribution of frogs to new geographic areas 
E) Bacteria such as J.lividum 
A) Exposure to novel fungal pathogens 
B) Stress because of climate change 
C) Overhunting by pet store staff 
D) Distribution of frogs to new geographic areas 
E) Bacteria such as J.lividum

Question 2

What is the key mechanism in establishing giardial diarrhea?

Accepted Answer

A) The excretion of an enterotoxin by Giardia. 
B) The destruction of intestinal epithelial cells by Giardia. 
C) The attachment of Giardia trophozoites to intestinal epithelia. 
D) The invasion of Giardia into the intestinal epithelial cells. 
E) The production of a cytolytic exotoxin by Giardia. 
A) The excretion of an enterotoxin by Giardia. 
B) The destruction of intestinal epithelial cells by Giardia. 
C) The attachment of Giardia trophozoites to intestinal epithelia. 
D) The invasion of Giardia into the intestinal epithelial cells. 
E) The production of a cytolytic exotoxin by Giardia.

Question 3

What can result from an Ascaris infection in children?

Accepted Answer

A) Poor nutrient absorption and growth. 
B) Damage to the liver. 
C) Damage to the heart. 
D) Rashes. 
E) Damage to the bladder. 
A) Poor nutrient absorption and growth. 
B) Damage to the liver. 
C) Damage to the heart. 
D) Rashes. 
E) Damage to the bladder.

Question 4

AIDS patients are more susceptible to developing pneumonia caused by ___________ than individuals with a normal functioning immune system.

Accepted Answer

A) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B) Staphylococcus aureus 
C) Haemophilus influenza 
D) Pneumocystis jiroveci 
E) Klebsiella pneumoniae 
A) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B) Staphylococcus aureus 
C) Haemophilus influenza 
D) Pneumocystis jiroveci 
E) Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 5

The plant pathogen Magnaporthe grisea produces specialized cell structures called ____________ that penetrate the plant cuticle to allow the fungi to invade the plant.

Accepted Answer

A) hyphae 
B) conidia 
C) ascospores 
D) appressoria 
E) cysts 
A) hyphae 
B) conidia 
C) ascospores 
D) appressoria 
E) cysts

Question 6

Virulence mechanisms possessed by Plasmodium species include the ability:

Accepted Answer

A) To facilitate pyrimidine nucleoside precursor uptake 
B) To facilitate purine nucleoside precursor uptake 
C) To add acetyl groups to histone proteins 
D) To inhibit the action of RNA polymerase II 
E) To remove acetyl groups present on histone proteins 
A) To facilitate pyrimidine nucleoside precursor uptake 
B) To facilitate purine nucleoside precursor uptake 
C) To add acetyl groups to histone proteins 
D) To inhibit the action of RNA polymerase II 
E) To remove acetyl groups present on histone proteins

Question 7

The "definitive host" for Plasmodium falciparum is the host in which it:

Accepted Answer

A) causes malaria. 
B) completes its sexual life cycle. 
C) replicates asexually. 
D) goes through its complete life cycle. 
E) causes a mild form of malaria. 
A) causes malaria. 
B) completes its sexual life cycle. 
C) replicates asexually. 
D) goes through its complete life cycle. 
E) causes a mild form of malaria.

Question 8

A species which uses HC toxin as a virulence factor is:

Accepted Answer

A) Alexandrium minutum 
B) Acartia tonsa 
C) Amanita phalloides 
D) Cochliobolus carbonum 
E) Trypanosoma brucei 
A) Alexandrium minutum 
B) Acartia tonsa 
C) Amanita phalloides 
D) Cochliobolus carbonum 
E) Trypanosoma brucei

Question 9

How is Trypanosoma brucei gambiense,transmitted to humans?

Accepted Answer

A) By a water-borne route. 
B) By an aerosol route. 
C) Through the bite of a tsetse fly. 
D) By direct contact. 
E) Through sexual contact. 
A) By a water-borne route. 
B) By an aerosol route. 
C) Through the bite of a tsetse fly. 
D) By direct contact. 
E) Through sexual contact.

Question 10

Select the incorrect statement:

Accepted Answer

A) Parasitophorous vacuoles are found within cytostomes 
B) Cytostomes are found within Parasitophorous vacuoles 
C) Elisa tests are routinely used to diagnose malaria 
D) Microscopic Plasmodium species identification will require specially trained individuals 
E) All are incorrect statements 
A) Parasitophorous vacuoles are found within cytostomes 
B) Cytostomes are found within Parasitophorous vacuoles 
C) Elisa tests are routinely used to diagnose malaria 
D) Microscopic Plasmodium species identification will require specially trained individuals 
E) All are incorrect statements

Question 11

Malaria has influenced human evolution because it has contributed to the development of ______________ in humans.

Accepted Answer

A) asthma 
B) hemochromatosis 
C) sickle cell disease 
D) diabetes mellitus 
E) myasthenia gravis 
A) asthma 
B) hemochromatosis 
C) sickle cell disease 
D) diabetes mellitus 
E) myasthenia gravis

Question 12

Humans typically come into contact with saxitoxin through the ingestion of:

Accepted Answer

A) seawater contaminated with red-tide algae 
B) raw shellfish. 
C) contaminated drinking water. 
D) inadequately treated sewage water 
E) raw beef. 
A) seawater contaminated with red-tide algae 
B) raw shellfish. 
C) contaminated drinking water. 
D) inadequately treated sewage water 
E) raw beef.

Question 13

Which of these worms can damage a wide range of organs and tissues?

Accepted Answer

A) Hookworms 
B) Roundworms 
C) Whipworms 
D) Pinworms 
E) Schistosomes 
A) Hookworms 
B) Roundworms 
C) Whipworms 
D) Pinworms 
E) Schistosomes

Question 14

Which of these worms infects the most individuals worldwide?

Accepted Answer

A) Hookworms 
B) Roundworms 
C) Whipworms 
D) Pinworms 
E) Schistosomes 
A) Hookworms 
B) Roundworms 
C) Whipworms 
D) Pinworms 
E) Schistosomes

Question 15

Name for the infective stage of the malarial parasite in the mosquito.

Accepted Answer

A) gametocyte 
B) sporozoite 
C) merozoite 
D) oocyst 
E) zygote 
A) gametocyte 
B) sporozoite 
C) merozoite 
D) oocyst 
E) zygote

Question 16

How do many phytopathogenic fungi obtain nutrients from plant host cells?

Accepted Answer

A) By excreting enzymes to breakdown plant cell walls. 
B) By excreting exotoxins to kill plant cells. 
C) By stimulating the host cells to excrete sugars. 
D) By stimulating the plant to increase photosynthesis. 
E) By producing proteins to scavenge nutrients away from the plant. 
A) By excreting enzymes to breakdown plant cell walls. 
B) By excreting exotoxins to kill plant cells. 
C) By stimulating the host cells to excrete sugars. 
D) By stimulating the plant to increase photosynthesis. 
E) By producing proteins to scavenge nutrients away from the plant.

Question 17

ELISA tests performed to diagnose malaria are designed to detect: (Select all that apply0

Accepted Answer

A) Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase 
B) MSP-7 
C) Histone deacetylase 
D) Hemozoin 
E) Surface protein II 
A) Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase 
B) MSP-7 
C) Histone deacetylase 
D) Hemozoin 
E) Surface protein II

Question 18

By which route is Giardia lamblia transmitted from infected host to susceptible host?

Accepted Answer

A) aerosol 
B) direct contact 
C) vector-borne 
D) fecal-oral 
E) blood-borne 
A) aerosol 
B) direct contact 
C) vector-borne 
D) fecal-oral 
E) blood-borne

Question 19

When an Anopheles mosquito feeds on a person with malaria,it ingests the ___________ form of the parasite.

Accepted Answer

A) gametocyte 
B) sporozoite 
C) merozoite 
D) oocyst 
E) zygote 
A) gametocyte 
B) sporozoite 
C) merozoite 
D) oocyst 
E) zygote

Question 20

How does the fungus Amanita cause disease?

Accepted Answer

A) From the ingestion of a potent toxin it produces. 
B) Through the invasion of the intestinal mucosa. 
C) By inhalation of fungal spores that germinate in the lungs to cause pneumonia. 
D) By invading the neuronal tissue and causing disease. 
E) Through the invasion of muscle cells. 
A) From the ingestion of a potent toxin it produces. 
B) Through the invasion of the intestinal mucosa. 
C) By inhalation of fungal spores that germinate in the lungs to cause pneumonia. 
D) By invading the neuronal tissue and causing disease. 
E) Through the invasion of muscle cells.

Exam 23: Eukaryal Microbe Pathogenesis

Factors which have likely affected the decimation of amphibian species in recent years include:

What is the key mechanism in establishing giardial diarrhea?

What can result from an Ascaris infection in children?

AIDS patients are more susceptible to developing pneumonia caused by ___________ than individuals with a normal functioning immune system.

The plant pathogen Magnaporthe grisea produces specialized cell structures called ____________ that penetrate the plant cuticle to allow the fungi to invade the plant.

Virulence mechanisms possessed by Plasmodium species include the ability:

The "definitive host" for Plasmodium falciparum is the host in which it:

A species which uses HC toxin as a virulence factor is:

How is Trypanosoma brucei gambiense,transmitted to humans?

Select the incorrect statement:

Malaria has influenced human evolution because it has contributed to the development of ______________ in humans.

Humans typically come into contact with saxitoxin through the ingestion of:

Which of these worms can damage a wide range of organs and tissues?

Which of these worms infects the most individuals worldwide?

Name for the infective stage of the malarial parasite in the mosquito.

How do many phytopathogenic fungi obtain nutrients from plant host cells?

ELISA tests performed to diagnose malaria are designed to detect: (Select all that apply0

By which route is Giardia lamblia transmitted from infected host to susceptible host?

When an Anopheles mosquito feeds on a person with malaria,it ingests the ___________ form of the parasite.

How does the fungus Amanita cause disease?

The Microbial World

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DNA Replication and Gene Expression

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The Microbiology of Food and Water

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Introduction to Infectious Diseases

Innate Host Defenses Against Microbial Invasion

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Virulence Factors and Pathogenic Mechanisms of Bacterial Infections

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