Exam 6: A: Learning

Cody developed a severe fear of flying when he was piloting a small plane through some severe turbulence.He has been seeing a therapist,and it appears that his fear response has been successfully extinguished.The therapist used a flight simulator to help Cody practise his piloting skills in a safe setting.However,the first time Cody stepped back into a real plane,his fear returned.What phenomenon does this illustrate

What has been found in studies of response-outcome relations and reinforcement

What change occurs as a result of operant conditioning

You are watching a rat in a Skinner box,and every time a red light comes on,the rat presses the lever in the box.However,when a green light comes on,the rat never presses the lever.What is the red light for this rat

What is another name for operant conditioning

Tia wants to be the mayor of her city.In all her television ads,she plays patriotic music and has the Canadian flag displayed in the background.If voters develop positive feelings toward Tia because of these ads,what would those positive feelings represent

Six-year-old Kristen is afraid of balloons because a balloon once popped in her face while she was holding it.Last week she went to the circus and there was a clown holding a huge assortment of helium balloons.Now she is also afraid of clowns,even though none of the balloons the clown was holding popped.Kristen's fear of clowns illustrates which classical conditioning process

Bart used to work out after work nearly every day,and his trainer would give him a lot of encouragement and support.Lately his trainer has been ignoring him,and Bart has been going to the gym a lot less frequently.Which process does this example illustrate

Hamish and Dougal have noticed some examples of conditioning in the border collies that they use on their farm.For example,the dogs have learned to herd sheep toward the barn if they hear a short blast on a whistle.The dogs also start drooling whenever they are allowed into the kitchen of the farmhouse,where they get really tasty scraps to eat.Which statement best describes their dogs' conditioning

What happens in the brain of an individual who is observing the behaviour of another person,based on evidence from brain imaging

Larry has an allergic reaction to the pollen in a lot of different types of flowers.One day,he started sneezing when he saw a bouquet of artificial flowers on the table.Even though the flowers were not real,they elicited an allergic response from Larry.In this example,what are the fake flowers

Holly was dancing with her new boyfriend.When the band started playing "Fever," her boyfriend gave her a long,passionate kiss.Now,when Holly hears "Fever," she becomes a little flushed.What is the conditioned stimulus,in this example

A woman reports feeling happy whenever she smells hot dogs and campfires because of the association of these smells with her favourite family vacations.What is the combined smell of hot dogs and campfires in this example

What is the irrational fear and anxiety that a person experiences in a phobia,from a classical conditioning perspective

As Randy was waiting for the bus one day,a car pulled up and the driver asked him for directions to the nearest gas station.Randy provided clear directions to a station a few blocks away,even though he doesn't drive and has never actually stopped at that gas station for any reason.What term would Tolman have used to describe Randy's knowledge about the gas station

What occurs in escape learning

What would increase your likelihood of success when using punishment in a self-modification program

According to Pavlov,what is necessary for classical conditioning to occur

According to research,which process can influence drug tolerances

What happens to the association between stimulus and response,according to the law of effect