Exam 4: Carbohydrate: the Efficient Fuel

Increasing whole grains in the diet can lead to improved gastrointestinal and cardiovascular health. Although increasing whole grains can improve periodontal conditions, it has insignificant impact on caries rates.

Dietary fiber refers to digestible components of food that include polysaccharides, lignin, whole grains, and seeds. Sources or dietary fiber usually contain other macronutrients, but vitamin and mineral components must be obtained through food processing.

Photosynthesis of carbon dioxide and water results in the formation of a carbohydrate called galactose. A carbohydrate can be referred to as a hydrated carbon.

Which monosaccharide is the most sweet?

During pregnancy, saccharin is safe to recommend because nonnutritive sweeteners do not cross the placental barrier.

Sugar substitutes can reduce energy content and decrease cariogenicity of a product. Used in moderation, sugar substitutes are beneficial.

Starches are insoluble in cold water because the cell wall is composed of long straight tightly bound chains of glucose units.

Which one of the following food groups in MyPyramid provides the least amount of carbohydrates to the diet?

As the frequency of fermentable carbohydrate intake increases, the pH of plaque decreases. A fermentable carbohydrate that can reduce salivary pH to less than 7.5 is considered cariogenic.