Question 1

When all available receptors have ligand bound to them,we say the receptors are __________.

Accepted Answer

saturated

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true of any communication system?

Accepted Answer

A) Neurons are always involved. 
B) The endocrine system is always involved. 
C) A signal must always be sent and received. 
D) Signals can be sent only in electrical form. 
A) Neurons are always involved. 
B) The endocrine system is always involved. 
C) A signal must always be sent and received. 
D) Signals can be sent only in electrical form. C

Question 3

Which of the following compounds are endocrine disruptors?

Accepted Answer

A) tributyltin,polychlorinated biphenyls,tyramine,and anabolic steroids 
B) polychlorinated biphynels and tyramine 
C) anabolic steroids,tributyltin,and polychlorinated biphenyls 
D) anabolic steroids,polychlorinated biphenyls,and tyramine 
A) tributyltin,polychlorinated biphenyls,tyramine,and anabolic steroids 
B) polychlorinated biphynels and tyramine 
C) anabolic steroids,tributyltin,and polychlorinated biphenyls 
D) anabolic steroids,polychlorinated biphenyls,and tyramine C

Question 4

It is possible for cells to communicate directly (via a connection of the cytoplasm)with each other by using

Accepted Answer

A) gap junctions. 
B) paracrine signaling. 
C) endocrine signaling. 
D) autocrine signaling. 
A) gap junctions. 
B) paracrine signaling. 
C) endocrine signaling. 
D) autocrine signaling.

Question 5

Chemical messengers used by the endocrine system are referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

hormones
P

Question 6

Antagonists are compounds that

Accepted Answer

A) prevent synthesis of new receptors. 
B) prevent synthesis of hormones. 
C) bind to a receptor,activating it. 
D) bind to a receptor,but do not activate it. 
A) prevent synthesis of new receptors. 
B) prevent synthesis of hormones. 
C) bind to a receptor,activating it. 
D) bind to a receptor,but do not activate it.

Question 7

__________ is the major hormone secreted by the pineal gland and is involved with circadian and seasonal cycles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ is the major hormone secreted by...

Question 8

In the nervous system,chemical messages cross a __________,a short distance between the signal and target cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the nervous system,chemical messages cross a...

Question 9

The protein __________ binds four calcium molecules and then interacts with other proteins in the cell,including CaM kinases.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The protein __________ binds four calcium molecules...

Question 10

Insulin is produced by

Accepted Answer

A) Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. 
B) walls of the intestines. 
C) acinar cells of the pancreas. 
D) red blood cells to help maintain glucose levels. 
A) Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. 
B) walls of the intestines. 
C) acinar cells of the pancreas. 
D) red blood cells to help maintain glucose levels.

Question 11

Tropic or trophic hormones

Accepted Answer

A) are found in tropical organisms. 
B) have the ability to cause other hormones to be released. 
C) are secreted only from the hypothalamus. 
D) both B and C 
A) are found in tropical organisms. 
B) have the ability to cause other hormones to be released. 
C) are secreted only from the hypothalamus. 
D) both B and C

Question 12

When ligand-gated __________ open,ions move in or out of the cell,affecting the membrane potential.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When ligand-gated __________ open,ions move in or...

Question 13

A receptor that binds to a ligand at very low concentrations has a

Accepted Answer

A) high dissociation constant. 
B) low Kₐ. 
C) high affinity for the ligand. 
D) low affinity for the ligand. 
A) high dissociation constant. 
B) low Kₐ. 
C) high affinity for the ligand. 
D) low affinity for the ligand.

Question 14

When two or more hormones are __________,then the response of all the hormones when applied at the same time is greater than the sum of the responses to each hormone applied individually.

Accepted Answer

A) antagonistic 
B) additive 
C) synergistic 
D) agonistic 
A) antagonistic 
B) additive 
C) synergistic 
D) agonistic

Question 15

Insulin release is NOT stimulated by

Accepted Answer

A) CCK. 
B) stretch of the gut. 
C) low blood glucose levels. 
D) high blood glucose levels. 
A) CCK. 
B) stretch of the gut. 
C) low blood glucose levels. 
D) high blood glucose levels.

Question 16

Which of the following choices is not a basic feature of cellular communication?

Accepted Answer

A) The signal must be produced. 
B) The signal can be produced only by a eukaryote. 
C) The signal must be transported to a target cell. 
D) The target cell must respond to the signal. 
A) The signal must be produced. 
B) The signal can be produced only by a eukaryote. 
C) The signal must be transported to a target cell. 
D) The target cell must respond to the signal.

Question 17

Under stressful or dangerous situations,organisms enter into the "flight-or-fight" response.This response has both neural and endocrine components.Discuss the functions of each component and how they interact with each other.

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic division of the nervous

Question 18

Insulin and __________ are two hormones,produced by the pancreas,with antagonistic control of plasma glucose levels.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Insulin and __________ are two hormones,produced by...

Question 19

Once a ligand binds to a receptor-enzyme,

Accepted Answer

A) the catalytic domain interacts with extracellular components. 
B) the catalytic domain interacts with intracellular components. 
C) the ligand-binding domain is phosphorylated. 
D) the ligand-binding domain is dephosphorylated. 
A) the catalytic domain interacts with extracellular components. 
B) the catalytic domain interacts with intracellular components. 
C) the ligand-binding domain is phosphorylated. 
D) the ligand-binding domain is dephosphorylated.

Question 20

The signal transduction cascade acts as the __________ of a transducer.

Accepted Answer

A) receiver 
B) transducer 
C) amplifier 
D) responder 
A) receiver 
B) transducer 
C) amplifier 
D) responder

When all available receptors have ligand bound to them,we say the receptors are __________.

Which of the following statements is true of any communication system?

Which of the following compounds are endocrine disruptors?

It is possible for cells to communicate directly (via a connection of the cytoplasm)with each other by using

Chemical messengers used by the endocrine system are referred to as __________.

Antagonists are compounds that

__________ is the major hormone secreted by the pineal gland and is involved with circadian and seasonal cycles.

In the nervous system,chemical messages cross a __________,a short distance between the signal and target cells.

The protein __________ binds four calcium molecules and then interacts with other proteins in the cell,including CaM kinases.

Insulin is produced by

Tropic or trophic hormones

When ligand-gated __________ open,ions move in or out of the cell,affecting the membrane potential.

A receptor that binds to a ligand at very low concentrations has a

When two or more hormones are __________,then the response of all the hormones when applied at the same time is greater than the sum of the responses to each hormone applied individually.

Insulin release is NOT stimulated by

Which of the following choices is not a basic feature of cellular communication?

Under stressful or dangerous situations,organisms enter into the "flight-or-fight" response.This response has both neural and endocrine components.Discuss the functions of each component and how they interact with each other.

Insulin and __________ are two hormones,produced by the pancreas,with antagonistic control of plasma glucose levels.

Once a ligand binds to a receptor-enzyme,

The signal transduction cascade acts as the __________ of a transducer.

Introduction to Physiological Principles

Physiological Evolution of Animals

Chemistry, biochemistry, and Cell Physiology

Neuron Structure and Function

Cellular Movement and Muscles

Sensory Systems

Functional Organization of Nervous Systems

Circulatory Systems

Immune Systems

Respiratory Systems

Locomotion

Ion and Water Balance

Digestion and Energy Metabolism

Thermal Physiology

Reproductive Physiology

Filters

Exam 4: Cell Signaling and Endocrine Regulation

When all available receptors have ligand bound to them,we say the receptors are __________.

Which of the following statements is true of any communication system?

Which of the following compounds are endocrine disruptors?

It is possible for cells to communicate directly (via a connection of the cytoplasm)with each other by using

Chemical messengers used by the endocrine system are referred to as __________.

Antagonists are compounds that

__________ is the major hormone secreted by the pineal gland and is involved with circadian and seasonal cycles.

In the nervous system,chemical messages cross a __________,a short distance between the signal and target cells.

The protein __________ binds four calcium molecules and then interacts with other proteins in the cell,including CaM kinases.

Insulin is produced by

Tropic or trophic hormones

When ligand-gated __________ open,ions move in or out of the cell,affecting the membrane potential.

A receptor that binds to a ligand at very low concentrations has a

When two or more hormones are __________,then the response of all the hormones when applied at the same time is greater than the sum of the responses to each hormone applied individually.

Insulin release is NOT stimulated by

Which of the following choices is not a basic feature of cellular communication?

Under stressful or dangerous situations,organisms enter into the "flight-or-fight" response.This response has both neural and endocrine components.Discuss the functions of each component and how they interact with each other.

Insulin and __________ are two hormones,produced by the pancreas,with antagonistic control of plasma glucose levels.

Once a ligand binds to a receptor-enzyme,

The signal transduction cascade acts as the __________ of a transducer.

Introduction to Physiological Principles

Physiological Evolution of Animals

Chemistry, biochemistry, and Cell Physiology

Neuron Structure and Function

Cellular Movement and Muscles

Sensory Systems

Functional Organization of Nervous Systems

Circulatory Systems

Immune Systems

Respiratory Systems

Locomotion

Ion and Water Balance

Digestion and Energy Metabolism

Thermal Physiology

Reproductive Physiology

Filters