Question 1

This brain structure is greatly reduced in mammals relative to other vertebrates.

Accepted Answer

A) cerebellum 
B) midbrain 
C) forebrain 
D) isocortex 
A) cerebellum 
B) midbrain 
C) forebrain 
D) isocortex

Question 2

What are the three main anatomical differences between the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems?

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

How can you explain the substantial lag between a signal and response in the phylum Porifera?

Accepted Answer

A) Lag occurs because sponges are asymmetrical. 
B) Lag occurs because sponges show no cephalization. 
C) Lag occurs because action potentials in cells of sponges are slow compared to action potentials in neurons. 
D) Lag occurs because the signal has to be very strong in order to see any response. 
A) Lag occurs because sponges are asymmetrical. 
B) Lag occurs because sponges show no cephalization. 
C) Lag occurs because action potentials in cells of sponges are slow compared to action potentials in neurons. 
D) Lag occurs because the signal has to be very strong in order to see any response.

Question 4

In the mammalian brain,the __________ lobe is involved with visual processing.

Accepted Answer

A) frontal 
B) parietal 
C) occipital 
D) temporal 
A) frontal 
B) parietal 
C) occipital 
D) temporal

Question 5

Most sympathetic pathways originate in the __________ regions of the CNS.

Accepted Answer

A) thoracic and lumbar 
B) hindbrain and sacral 
C) cranial 
D) postganglionic 
A) thoracic and lumbar 
B) hindbrain and sacral 
C) cranial 
D) postganglionic

Question 6

The brains of taxi drivers in London,England,differ from the brains of other people.This can be attributed to

Accepted Answer

A) brain plasticity,because brains have the ability to alter their structure and function as a result of learning and/or experience. 
B) the hippocampus of London taxi drivers increasing with age. 
C) accident of birth;the people driving taxis in London were born with a smaller hippocampus,which then increased in size over time. 
D) A and B 
A) brain plasticity,because brains have the ability to alter their structure and function as a result of learning and/or experience. 
B) the hippocampus of London taxi drivers increasing with age. 
C) accident of birth;the people driving taxis in London were born with a smaller hippocampus,which then increased in size over time. 
D) A and B

Question 7

_____________ is a structure of the limbic system that is involved in emotional responses,such as fear or aggression.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____________ is a structure of the limbic...

Question 8

Homeostasis is maintained by the

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus. 
B) cerebral cortex. 
C) hippocampus. 
D) limbic system. 
A) hypothalamus. 
B) cerebral cortex. 
C) hippocampus. 
D) limbic system.

Question 9

In species with cortical folds,the outer regions of the folds are called __________ and the inner grooves are called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In species with cortical folds,the outer regions...

Question 10

An increase in a response following exposure to a strong or noxious stimulus is called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An increase in a response following exposure...

Question 11

How many distinct layers does the mammalian cortex have?

Accepted Answer

A) 6 
B) 4 
C) 3 
D) 2 
A) 6 
B) 4 
C) 3 
D) 2

Question 12

The simplest reflex arc,containing only a primary afferent and an effector neuron,is sometimes referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) monosynaptic. 
B) bineural. 
C) convergent. 
D) voluntary. 
A) monosynaptic. 
B) bineural. 
C) convergent. 
D) voluntary.

Question 13

The protective layer of connective tissue surrounding the brain and spinal cord is called the __________.

Accepted Answer

meninges (

Question 14

All vertebrate motor neurons release the neurotransmitter __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All vertebrate motor neurons release the neurotransmitter...

Question 15

__________ neurons relay information from integrating centers such as the brain to effector organs like muscles or glands.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ neurons relay information from integrating centers...

Question 16

The ventricles of the vertebrate brain contain

Accepted Answer

A) neurons. 
B) glia. 
C) cerebrospinal fluid. 
D) dura mater. 
A) neurons. 
B) glia. 
C) cerebrospinal fluid. 
D) dura mater.

Question 17

The efferent branch of the peripheral nervous system is composed of the __________ and __________ divisions.

Accepted Answer

A) somatic motor;autonomic 
B) visceral;emotional 
C) sympathetic;parasympathetic 
D) autonomic;involuntary 
A) somatic motor;autonomic 
B) visceral;emotional 
C) sympathetic;parasympathetic 
D) autonomic;involuntary

Question 18

What does the midbrain do in fish and amphibians?

Accepted Answer

A) It coordinates reflex responses to auditory and visual stimuli. 
B) It detects the presence of pheromones. 
C) It is responsible for maintaining body posture. 
D) It controls heart rate and blood pressure. 
A) It coordinates reflex responses to auditory and visual stimuli. 
B) It detects the presence of pheromones. 
C) It is responsible for maintaining body posture. 
D) It controls heart rate and blood pressure.

Question 19

List five ways that efferent motor pathways can be distinguished from autonomic pathways.

Accepted Answer

Efferent motor neurons control only one

Question 20

Unlike humans,bottlenose dolphins do not suffer from the effects of sleep deprivation.Why?

Accepted Answer

A) Dolphins "catnap" throughout the day,so they don't need to go into deep sleep. 
B) In dolphins,one half of their brain sleeps while the other half of the brain remains active. 
C) Sleep is required to maintain brain function in humans,but not in dolphins. 
D) Dolphins take turns waking each other up,so all have a chance to sleep. 
A) Dolphins "catnap" throughout the day,so they don't need to go into deep sleep. 
B) In dolphins,one half of their brain sleeps while the other half of the brain remains active. 
C) Sleep is required to maintain brain function in humans,but not in dolphins. 
D) Dolphins take turns waking each other up,so all have a chance to sleep.

This brain structure is greatly reduced in mammals relative to other vertebrates.

What are the three main anatomical differences between the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems?

How can you explain the substantial lag between a signal and response in the phylum Porifera?

In the mammalian brain,the __________ lobe is involved with visual processing.

Most sympathetic pathways originate in the __________ regions of the CNS.

The brains of taxi drivers in London,England,differ from the brains of other people.This can be attributed to

_____________ is a structure of the limbic system that is involved in emotional responses,such as fear or aggression.

Homeostasis is maintained by the

In species with cortical folds,the outer regions of the folds are called and the inner grooves are called .

An increase in a response following exposure to a strong or noxious stimulus is called __________.

How many distinct layers does the mammalian cortex have?

The simplest reflex arc,containing only a primary afferent and an effector neuron,is sometimes referred to as

The protective layer of connective tissue surrounding the brain and spinal cord is called the __________.

All vertebrate motor neurons release the neurotransmitter __________.

__________ neurons relay information from integrating centers such as the brain to effector organs like muscles or glands.

The ventricles of the vertebrate brain contain

The efferent branch of the peripheral nervous system is composed of the and divisions.

What does the midbrain do in fish and amphibians?

List five ways that efferent motor pathways can be distinguished from autonomic pathways.

Unlike humans,bottlenose dolphins do not suffer from the effects of sleep deprivation.Why?

Introduction to Physiological Principles

Physiological Evolution of Animals

Chemistry, biochemistry, and Cell Physiology

Cell Signaling and Endocrine Regulation

Neuron Structure and Function

Cellular Movement and Muscles

Sensory Systems

Circulatory Systems

Immune Systems

Respiratory Systems

Locomotion

Ion and Water Balance

Digestion and Energy Metabolism

Thermal Physiology

Reproductive Physiology

Filters

Exam 8: Functional Organization of Nervous Systems

This brain structure is greatly reduced in mammals relative to other vertebrates.

What are the three main anatomical differences between the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems?

How can you explain the substantial lag between a signal and response in the phylum Porifera?

In the mammalian brain,the __________ lobe is involved with visual processing.

Most sympathetic pathways originate in the __________ regions of the CNS.

The brains of taxi drivers in London,England,differ from the brains of other people.This can be attributed to

_____________ is a structure of the limbic system that is involved in emotional responses,such as fear or aggression.

Homeostasis is maintained by the

In species with cortical folds,the outer regions of the folds are called __________ and the inner grooves are called __________.

An increase in a response following exposure to a strong or noxious stimulus is called __________.

How many distinct layers does the mammalian cortex have?

The simplest reflex arc,containing only a primary afferent and an effector neuron,is sometimes referred to as

The protective layer of connective tissue surrounding the brain and spinal cord is called the __________.

All vertebrate motor neurons release the neurotransmitter __________.

__________ neurons relay information from integrating centers such as the brain to effector organs like muscles or glands.

The ventricles of the vertebrate brain contain

The efferent branch of the peripheral nervous system is composed of the __________ and __________ divisions.

What does the midbrain do in fish and amphibians?

List five ways that efferent motor pathways can be distinguished from autonomic pathways.

Unlike humans,bottlenose dolphins do not suffer from the effects of sleep deprivation.Why?

Introduction to Physiological Principles

Physiological Evolution of Animals

Chemistry, biochemistry, and Cell Physiology

Cell Signaling and Endocrine Regulation

Neuron Structure and Function

Cellular Movement and Muscles

Sensory Systems

Circulatory Systems

Immune Systems

Respiratory Systems

Locomotion

Ion and Water Balance

Digestion and Energy Metabolism

Thermal Physiology

Reproductive Physiology

Filters

In species with cortical folds,the outer regions of the folds are called and the inner grooves are called .

The efferent branch of the peripheral nervous system is composed of the and divisions.