Exam 8: Functional Organization of Nervous Systems

The three main regions of the vertebrate brain are the prosencephalon,the mesencephalon,and the __________.

The __________ is essentially a relay station that filters sensory information and forwards it to the cortex.

In nonmammalian vertebrates,the optic lobes are located in the

Describe five differences between the actions of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems on the same effector organs.For example,the parasympathetic system causes urine release from the bladder,while the sympathetic system causes urine retention.

Integrating centers typically contain large numbers of

The tendency to reduce the magnitude of a response following repeated stimulation is called __________.

What four major brain structures are included in the limbic system? Where is it located in the vertebrate brain? What does the limbic system do?

The somatosensory cortex and primary motor cortex are organized __________.That is,each part of the cortex corresponds to the specific part of the body that it governs.

NMDA and AMPA receptors both bind the neurotransmitter __________.

In the vertebrate brain and spinal cord,white matter consists of __________ and gray matter consists of __________.

The hormone _______________ is secreted by the pineal gland.

If the central pattern generator for a human walking is located in the spinal cord,then is the brain required at all for successful walking behavior? Justify your answer.

In mammals,the midbrain can be grouped together with the pons and medulla oblongata,and is called the __________.

Invertebrates possess a

The __________ nervous system is sometimes referred to as the "rest and digest" nervous system.

The axons of afferent and efferent neurons are usually organized into structures called

The locomotor pattern generator is located in the

The limbic system is associated with

Among other things,the hindbrain is responsible for

In vertebrates,the __________ nerves exit directly from the braincase.