Exam 4: Social Development in Infancy and Childhood

Describe the cultural dilemmas and difficulties that young African American and other adolescents face in the United States as they enter adolescence and young adulthood.

Teachers have been found to enhance positive outcomes for students if they increase the tendency of students to compare themselves with one another.

Define and compare the learning theory concepts of positive reinforcement,negative reinforcement,and punishment. Describe how each can be used to change human behavior and give an example for each. Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each concept within the context of changing human behavior.

Negative entropy is the natural tendency of a system to progress toward disorganization,depletion,and,in essence,death.

According to Judaism,mourning the death of a family member ends after twenty days.

All of the following could be physical indicators of child abuse except:

Discuss how television influences children. Should children's viewing of television be limited? Explain.

At the macro-system level,what would you do about sexual abuse prevention?

_____ is the process whereby children acquire knowledge about the language,values,etiquette,rules,behaviors,social expectations,and all the subtle,complex bits of information necessary to get along and thrive in a particular society.

The natural tendency of a system to progress toward disorganization,depletion,and,in essence,death is called:

Hispanic people generally place very little value on involvement with the extended family.

List an example of how negative feedback can be valuable in families.

Courts are involved in all cases of maltreatment.

_____ reinforcers are rewarding in themselves,without any association with other reinforcers.

Approximately _____ percent of Hispanics graduate from high school.

List the six traditional family life cycle stages. How does the contemporary framework differ?

How has the family environment changed over the last several decades? Cite the various configurations of the family structure.

Which of the following improves the effectiveness of time-outs:

For punishment to be most effective,appropriate behaviors should be positively reinforced at the same time the punishment is applied.

_____ may be more apt to relocate because of natural or man-made disasters.