Question 1

Which of the following statements about hormones is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are not used in the part of the body where they are produced. 
B)  They are long-range signaling molecules. 
C)  They are not used by multicellular organisms. 
D)  They are transported in an organism by fluids. 
A)  They are not used in the part of the body where they are produced. 
B)  They are long-range signaling molecules. 
C)  They are not used by multicellular organisms. 
D)  They are transported in an organism by fluids. C

Question 2

Signaling molecules can affect a cell from the outside by interacting with specific receptors that are located

Accepted Answer

A)  in the plasma membrane. 
B)  within the cell's organelles. 
C)  within chloroplasts. 
D)  on the cell wall. 
A)  in the plasma membrane. 
B)  within the cell's organelles. 
C)  within chloroplasts. 
D)  on the cell wall. A

Question 3

After eating a meal high in carbohydrates,the pancreas begins releasing the hormone insulin by the process of ________.

Accepted Answer

exocytosis

Question 4

Osmoregulation refers to balancing water concentrations in organisms and cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Cells in the liver typically acquire cholesterol by receptor-mediated ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cells in the liver typically acquire cholesterol...

Question 6

Objects suspended in the extracellular fluid can cross the plasma membrane and enter a cell by all of the following processes,EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  pinocytosis. 
B)  receptor-mediated endocytosis. 
C)  phagocytosis. 
D)  osmosis. 
A)  pinocytosis. 
B)  receptor-mediated endocytosis. 
C)  phagocytosis. 
D)  osmosis.

Question 7

Multicellular organisms have various specialized cells because

Accepted Answer

A)  any one cell can contain only one kind of organelle. 
B)  each kind of cell is able to function in isolation. 
C)  specialized cells ensure that processes necessary for life occur efficiently. 
D)  the DNA of cells is not accurately copied. 
A)  any one cell can contain only one kind of organelle. 
B)  each kind of cell is able to function in isolation. 
C)  specialized cells ensure that processes necessary for life occur efficiently. 
D)  the DNA of cells is not accurately copied.

Question 8

One of the major functions of the plasma membrane is to

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent the loss of proteins from mitochondria. 
B)  contract and give animals their ability to move. 
C)  control what enters and leaves a cell. 
D)  provide physical support to the nucleus. 
A)  prevent the loss of proteins from mitochondria. 
B)  contract and give animals their ability to move. 
C)  control what enters and leaves a cell. 
D)  provide physical support to the nucleus.

Question 9

Cells that experience high mechanical stress,like heart cells,typically connect to one another using a(n)________ junction,allowing the stress to be distributed to a larger area.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cells that experience high mechanical stress,like heart...

Question 10

A given signaling molecule can bind to several different kinds of cell surface receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Active transport

Accepted Answer

A)  moves substances out of cells, but not into them. 
B)  occurs in dense patches far removed from passive carrier proteins. 
C)  moves substances from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. 
D)  involves a carrier protein. 
A)  moves substances out of cells, but not into them. 
B)  occurs in dense patches far removed from passive carrier proteins. 
C)  moves substances from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. 
D)  involves a carrier protein.

Question 12

Active carrier proteins use energy to carry passive carrier proteins into cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

To coordinate the functions of specialized cells,those cells must be able to

Accepted Answer

A)  communicate. 
B)  replicate. 
C)  move from place to place. 
D)  cut up certain proteins. 
A)  communicate. 
B)  replicate. 
C)  move from place to place. 
D)  cut up certain proteins.

Question 14

In humans,hormonal communication between cells over long distances requires direct action by the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The human hormone insulin is produced only by a single organ,the pancreas,yet insulin is used to move glucose from the bloodstream into cells all over the body.What aspect of hormones makes it possible for insulin to work throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hormones are able to stop cell-to-cell communication. 
B)  Hormones all cross cell membranes, and thus can move freely throughout the body. 
C)  Hormones cause rapid cell-to-cell signaling. 
D)  Hormones are long-range signaling molecules. 
A)  Hormones are able to stop cell-to-cell communication. 
B)  Hormones all cross cell membranes, and thus can move freely throughout the body. 
C)  Hormones cause rapid cell-to-cell signaling. 
D)  Hormones are long-range signaling molecules.

Question 16

Which type of molecule will diffuse through the plasma membrane most quickly?

Accepted Answer

A)  a small polar molecule like water 
B)  a small nonpolar molecule like carbon dioxide 
C)  a large polar molecule like glucose 
D)  a large nonpolar molecule like testosterone 
A)  a small polar molecule like water 
B)  a small nonpolar molecule like carbon dioxide 
C)  a large polar molecule like glucose 
D)  a large nonpolar molecule like testosterone

Question 17

A cell that is gaining water from its surroundings is in a(n)________ solution.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypertonic 
B)  hypotonic 
C)  isotonic 
D)  endotonic 
A)  hypertonic 
B)  hypotonic 
C)  isotonic 
D)  endotonic

Question 18

Sex hormones are able to interact with their receptors in the cytoplasm or in a membrane-bound organelle like the nucleus because they are

Accepted Answer

A)  isotonic. 
B)  hydrophobic. 
C)  hydrophilic. 
D)  very large. 
A)  isotonic. 
B)  hydrophobic. 
C)  hydrophilic. 
D)  very large.

Question 19

Which statement best describes the equilibrium condition shown in the following illustration?

Accepted Answer

A)  A sample taken from anywhere in the container will have the same concentration of solute. 
B)  Eventually, gravity will move most solute particles to the bottom of the container. 
C)  The molecular motion that initially distributed the solute ceased once the equilibrium was established. 
D)  If the temperature of the pitcher had been lowered, equilibrium would have been attained more quickly. 
A)  A sample taken from anywhere in the container will have the same concentration of solute. 
B)  Eventually, gravity will move most solute particles to the bottom of the container. 
C)  The molecular motion that initially distributed the solute ceased once the equilibrium was established. 
D)  If the temperature of the pitcher had been lowered, equilibrium would have been attained more quickly.

Question 20

The principle of cell ________ is that different cells in the same organism may have different functions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The principle of cell ________ is that...

Exam 4: Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Which of the following statements about hormones is FALSE?

Signaling molecules can affect a cell from the outside by interacting with specific receptors that are located

After eating a meal high in carbohydrates,the pancreas begins releasing the hormone insulin by the process of ________.

Osmoregulation refers to balancing water concentrations in organisms and cells.

Cells in the liver typically acquire cholesterol by receptor-mediated ________.

Objects suspended in the extracellular fluid can cross the plasma membrane and enter a cell by all of the following processes,EXCEPT

Multicellular organisms have various specialized cells because

One of the major functions of the plasma membrane is to

Cells that experience high mechanical stress,like heart cells,typically connect to one another using a(n)________ junction,allowing the stress to be distributed to a larger area.

A given signaling molecule can bind to several different kinds of cell surface receptors.

Active transport

Active carrier proteins use energy to carry passive carrier proteins into cells.

To coordinate the functions of specialized cells,those cells must be able to

In humans,hormonal communication between cells over long distances requires direct action by the brain.

The human hormone insulin is produced only by a single organ,the pancreas,yet insulin is used to move glucose from the bloodstream into cells all over the body.What aspect of hormones makes it possible for insulin to work throughout the body?

Which type of molecule will diffuse through the plasma membrane most quickly?

A cell that is gaining water from its surroundings is in a(n)________ solution.

Sex hormones are able to interact with their receptors in the cytoplasm or in a membrane-bound organelle like the nucleus because they are

Which statement best describes the equilibrium condition shown in the following illustration?

The principle of cell ________ is that different cells in the same organism may have different functions.

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photo Synthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Filters