Exam 12: From Gene to Protein

Bacteria and humans use the same DNA components,and both kinds of cells also perform transcription and translation.Which of the following choices is a potentially significant outcome of this shared mechanism?

If a particular segment of DNA has the base sequence TAC,what will be the base sequence of the anticodon of the tRNA that carries the amino acid encoded by that stretch of DNA?

The lac repressor stops the expression of the genes in the lac operon.It does this by binding to a gene regulatory DNA sequence that controls the expression of the genes responsible for lactose uptake and degradation.This DNA sequence is called a(n)

During translation

The specific type of nucleic acid found in ribosomes,which are important in protein synthesis,is ________.

The process depicted in the following figure takes place in

Bisphenol A (BPA)has been shown to shut down the Kcc2 gene in rodents,a gene necessary for the proper development of the central nervous system.

The intermediary molecule that transmits information in a gene to a ribosome is ________.

Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles and thus do not have nuclei; therefore

If a molecule of mRNA is a sentence,its bases are the letters and the codons are the ________.

For a firefly to glow,the enzyme luciferase must catalyze a chemical reaction in the cells of the firefly.A scientist uses a chemical to induce a mutation in the luciferase gene in a strain of fireflies.Which of the following is true?

Messenger RNAs usually persist for weeks after they are produced,but their life span can sometimes be reduced to minutes or hours,if necessary.

Which of the following would be found only in RNA?

The genes that control lactose utilization (its uptake and degradation)in bacteria are arranged sequentially in the bacterial chromosome under the control of a single promoter sequence.This arrangement of genes is called a(n)

Each time transcription occurs,all the DNA in a cell is copied.

The bases present in an RNA molecule are

Some tRNAs can recognize more than one codon because the base at the third position of their anticodon can pair with any one of two or three different bases in the codon; this phenomenon is called ________.

DNA replication involves the copying of the entire chromosome; in contrast,just a small portion of a chromosome is copied in the process of ________.

Ribosomal RNA plays a role in the formation of the covalent bonds between amino acids during translation.

The order of the bases in DNA determines the order of the