Question 1

Photosynthesis creates energy; cellular respiration destroys energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

The tiny dwarf lemur balances its energy budget by ________ and ________ by burrowing underground.

Accepted Answer

dropping its BMR,dropping its basal metabolic rate,minimizing heat loss dropping its BMR,minimizing heat loss dropping its basal metabolic rate,minimizing heat loss minimizing heat loss,dropping its BMR minimizing heat loss,dropping its basal metabolic rate

Question 3

When ATP breaks down into ADP and a free phosphate group,which of the following processes occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  ADP absorbs energy and transfers it to enzymes. 
B)  Energy is released and can be used to power cellular activities. 
C)  ADP becomes the active site in an enzyme. 
D)  The energy in the broken bond is transferred to the phosphate group. 
A)  ADP absorbs energy and transfers it to enzymes. 
B)  Energy is released and can be used to power cellular activities. 
C)  ADP becomes the active site in an enzyme. 
D)  The energy in the broken bond is transferred to the phosphate group. B

Question 4

What do catalysts and enzymes have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  They both decrease the number of collisions between substrate molecules during a reaction. 
B)  They both increase the amount of activation energy required for a reaction to occur. 
C)  They both increase the amount of substrate available for a reaction. 
D)  They both decrease the amount of activation energy required for a reaction to occur. 
A)  They both decrease the number of collisions between substrate molecules during a reaction. 
B)  They both increase the amount of activation energy required for a reaction to occur. 
C)  They both increase the amount of substrate available for a reaction. 
D)  They both decrease the amount of activation energy required for a reaction to occur.

Question 5

In an enzyme,the area that has a specialized shape and/or set of chemical properties that enables the enzyme to bind to a particular substrate is called a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In an enzyme,the area that has a...

Question 6

Which of the following conditions does NOT disrupt the three-dimensional shape of enzymes or alter their ability to bind to their substrates?

Accepted Answer

A)  cold temperatures 
B)  high acidity 
C)  very high salt concentrations 
D)  high alkalinity 
A)  cold temperatures 
B)  high acidity 
C)  very high salt concentrations 
D)  high alkalinity

Question 7

According to the ________ model,an enzyme's active site will adjust its shape to mold around a substrate after binding to that substrate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the ________ model,an enzyme's active...

Question 8

The gain of electrons by one atom from another atom is referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The gain of electrons by one atom...

Question 9

In a metabolic pathway,the product of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction becomes the substrate for the next reaction in the pathway.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

During a chemical reaction,a cell uses all the chemical energy in ATP.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Heat speeds up chemical reactions by

Accepted Answer

A)  causing the cell to produce enzymes that lower the activation energy of the reactions. 
B)  decreasing the amount of oxygen available for redox reactions. 
C)  inhibiting catabolic reactions and promoting anabolic reactions. 
D)  causing reactants to collide more often. 
A)  causing the cell to produce enzymes that lower the activation energy of the reactions. 
B)  decreasing the amount of oxygen available for redox reactions. 
C)  inhibiting catabolic reactions and promoting anabolic reactions. 
D)  causing reactants to collide more often.

Question 12

Plants and animals use different energy storage molecules,yet they both use the same mechanism to burn their stored energy.How can plants and animals both be successful,even though they burn different energy storage molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  The internal components of plant and animal cells are identical. 
B)  The second law of thermodynamics states that all cells have the same energy transfer system. 
C)  Breaking the chemical bonds of a storage molecule transfers energy, no matter what molecule is stored. 
D)  All organisms have the same enzymes to catalyze their energy-producing reactions. 
A)  The internal components of plant and animal cells are identical. 
B)  The second law of thermodynamics states that all cells have the same energy transfer system. 
C)  Breaking the chemical bonds of a storage molecule transfers energy, no matter what molecule is stored. 
D)  All organisms have the same enzymes to catalyze their energy-producing reactions.

Question 13

All molecules have a combination of kinetic energy and potential energy.If an external heat source were used to increase the kinetic energy of a group of molecules,the group's potential energy would

Accepted Answer

A)  decline, because the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy always equals 100 percent. 
B)  be unaffected, because no changes in the bonding pattern of the molecules would take place. 
C)  also increase, because potential energy and kinetic energy are directly proportional to each other. 
D)  decrease, because the potential energy is inversely proportional to the kinetic energy. 
A)  decline, because the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy always equals 100 percent. 
B)  be unaffected, because no changes in the bonding pattern of the molecules would take place. 
C)  also increase, because potential energy and kinetic energy are directly proportional to each other. 
D)  decrease, because the potential energy is inversely proportional to the kinetic energy.

Question 14

Comparative studies have repeatedly shown that smaller animals have faster metabolic rates than larger animals.However,human males are larger than human females,yet men have a higher average basal metabolic rate (BMR)than women.Which of the following statements explains this variation in the pattern?

Accepted Answer

A)  Men typically weigh more than women; when standardized for body weight, the average BMR is identical for both genders. 
B)  The large average body size of men reduces the ratio of surface area to volume; body systems elevate their metabolic rates to compensate for the change. 
C)  Different tissues have different metabolic rates; the male body has a higher percentage of energy-consuming muscle than the female body. 
D)  Compared with women, men have larger digestive systems, ingest more food per meal, and metabolize food at a higher rate to maintain body weight homeostasis. 
A)  Men typically weigh more than women; when standardized for body weight, the average BMR is identical for both genders. 
B)  The large average body size of men reduces the ratio of surface area to volume; body systems elevate their metabolic rates to compensate for the change. 
C)  Different tissues have different metabolic rates; the male body has a higher percentage of energy-consuming muscle than the female body. 
D)  Compared with women, men have larger digestive systems, ingest more food per meal, and metabolize food at a higher rate to maintain body weight homeostasis.

Question 15

In photosynthesis,the carbon used to make sugars is

Accepted Answer

A)  provided by enzymes. 
B)  provided by carbon dioxide. 
C)  extracted from DNA. 
D)  oxidized. 
A)  provided by enzymes. 
B)  provided by carbon dioxide. 
C)  extracted from DNA. 
D)  oxidized.

Question 16

A rotted log exemplifies the operation of the ________ law of thermodynamics.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A rotted log exemplifies the operation of...

Question 17

As a molecule becomes oxidized,it loses electrons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

An insect devouring a leaf is an example of the second law of thermodynamics in action.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Metabolic pathways are relatively uncommon in cells; most biologically significant molecules are obtained intact from a well-balanced diet.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

During photosynthesis,light energy is converted into chemical energy,which is a type of

Accepted Answer

A)  potential energy. 
B)  kinetic energy. 
C)  heat. 
D)  activation energy. 
A)  potential energy. 
B)  kinetic energy. 
C)  heat. 
D)  activation energy.

Exam 5: Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis creates energy; cellular respiration destroys energy.

The tiny dwarf lemur balances its energy budget by ________ and ________ by burrowing underground.

When ATP breaks down into ADP and a free phosphate group,which of the following processes occurs?

What do catalysts and enzymes have in common?

In an enzyme,the area that has a specialized shape and/or set of chemical properties that enables the enzyme to bind to a particular substrate is called a(n)________.

Which of the following conditions does NOT disrupt the three-dimensional shape of enzymes or alter their ability to bind to their substrates?

According to the ________ model,an enzyme's active site will adjust its shape to mold around a substrate after binding to that substrate.

The gain of electrons by one atom from another atom is referred to as ________.

In a metabolic pathway,the product of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction becomes the substrate for the next reaction in the pathway.

During a chemical reaction,a cell uses all the chemical energy in ATP.

Heat speeds up chemical reactions by

Plants and animals use different energy storage molecules,yet they both use the same mechanism to burn their stored energy.How can plants and animals both be successful,even though they burn different energy storage molecules?

All molecules have a combination of kinetic energy and potential energy.If an external heat source were used to increase the kinetic energy of a group of molecules,the group's potential energy would

In photosynthesis,the carbon used to make sugars is

A rotted log exemplifies the operation of the ________ law of thermodynamics.

As a molecule becomes oxidized,it loses electrons.

An insect devouring a leaf is an example of the second law of thermodynamics in action.

Metabolic pathways are relatively uncommon in cells; most biologically significant molecules are obtained intact from a well-balanced diet.

During photosynthesis,light energy is converted into chemical energy,which is a type of

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Photo Synthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

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The tiny dwarf lemur balances its energy budget by and by burrowing underground.