Exam 8: Cancer and Human Health

Tamoxifen is a drug that prevents the positive growth regulator estrogen from binding the estrogen receptor on the surface of breast cancer cells.The most likely result of this is a(n)________ in production of proteins that cause ________.

Immune molecules that can specifically target proteins on cancer cells are called ________.

Scientists develop an antibody that binds to telomerase and prevents it from repairing telomeres.This antibody would be useful in treating cancer cells because it would

Which of the following is NOT likely to cause a cell to become cancerous?

For cancer to form in the presence of a tumor suppressor gene,which of the following is necessary?

Normal cell division requires ________ proto-oncogenes and ________ tumor suppressor genes.

One or two mutations are often the cause of cancer.

A disease that starts with a single cell that loses its ability to control cell division is ________.

As an individual ages,cancer risk increases over the course of a life because

The best reason for males to receive the Gardasil vaccine,which protects against human papillomavirus (HPV)infections,is to prevent

The fact that the human genome contains proto-oncogenes means that

Which of the following kinds of molecules are NOT likely to be produced by a proto-oncogene?

An inherited,mutated BRCA1 gene is present in all tissues,not just breast and ovarian tissue.

Proto-oncogenes,which produce many of the proteins used in a signal cascade,are found

If a cell's p53 genes are inactivated,the cell

A 20-year-old female is 5 feet 2 inches in height.She weighs 112 pounds despite getting very little physical exercise.She works at a desk 10 hours a day and sleeps 8 hours a night.From this description,her biggest risk of cancer is due to her

Mutations that cause an inherited risk for cancer occur in the ________ cells.

If a normally dividing cell gains anchorage dependence,it will cause a secondary tumor.

A gene that repairs double-stranded DNA breaks is a proto-oncogene.

Grilling meat appears to be associated with an avoidable exposure to carcinogens that form when