Exam 2: Plate Tectonics: A Unifying Theory

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Rock sequences found on land that consist of deep-sea sediment,oceanic crust,and upper mantle are called ____________________.These sequences are used to identify ____________________ plate boundaries.

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ophiolites,convergent

How does seafloor spreading explain the movement of the continents?

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With seafloor spreading,the continents and oceanic crust move together as part of large plates.The plate is pushed by the formation of new ocean crust and pulled by the subduction of old ocean crust.New crust forms due to seafloor spreading.

What is a hot spot relative to a mantle plume? What is often found there?

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A hot spot is the location where a mantle plume rises to Earth's surface.A volcano often forms above a hot spot.

Where is the best place to try to fit the continents together?

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The study of paleomagnetism is possible because:

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At divergent plate boundaries,the operating forces are:

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The differing paleomagnetic records for each continent showed:

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Fossil evidence linking the Gondwana continents includes the:

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Where in the ocean basins is ocean crust youngest?

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Draw a cross-section of a continental-continental convergent plate boundary.Show the directions of relative plate motion.Put stars for the locations of earthquakes.Show the location of the mountain range.Label the subduction complex.

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There is a divergent plate boundary within the region of east Africa.

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How are hot spots used for determining the absolute motions of plates?

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Paleomagnetic studies show that the ocean basins are older than the continents.

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Briefly explain the roles of magma and hydrothermal activity in forming ore deposits along convergent and divergent plate boundaries.

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How is the phrase "the present is the key to the past" used in creating evidence for continental drift?

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What is the driving mechanism for plate tectonics?

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In what ways does plate tectonics theory have economic applications?

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What is it about a cooling lava that allows geologists to determine the location of past magnetic poles?

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The diversity of organisms is highest where large continents are found stradding a latitude zone.

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What evidence is there that ocean basins are young and old oceanic crust must be destroyed?

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