Exam 6: Learning

An operant behavior occurs spontaneously.

In a television advertisement,a young man is shown to be the center of attraction for young and attractive models because he drives the luxury car brand,Exotica.The advertisement targets young,single men.In the context of embedded marketing,which of the following statements is true?

_____ is the systematic,relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs through experience.

In _____,the organism learns through experience with negative stimuli that it has no control over negative outcomes.

A _____ schedule in operant conditioning reinforces the first behavior after a set amount of time has passed.

As the subject of an experiment for treating cigarette addiction,John is being given a chemical agent that makes him feel nauseated every time he smokes a cigarette.This experiment is most likely a(n)_____ experiment.

Psychologists who examine learning from a behavioral perspective define learning as

In operant conditioning,generalization occurs when

Extinction in classical conditioning is

Gary,a high school student with no interest in academics,has started to study for four hours every week to avoid getting poor grades in school.This scenario is reflective of _____ in operant conditioning.

Which of the following scenarios exemplifies a fixed mindset in the context of psychological constraints in learning?

Describe in detail the classical conditioning components involved in smoking.Discuss how spontaneous recovery can cause the reoccurrence of a smoking habit.

Discuss the role of contiguity and contingency in classical conditioning.Explain with reference to Pavlov's experiment.

Jack always takes his dog out for a walk in the morning.Whenever Jack puts the leash on his dog,the dog gets very excited about going for a walk.In this scenario,the dog has learned to associate the leash with going for a walk through

In operant conditioning,_____ occurs when a behavior is no longer reinforced and decreases in frequency.

In operant conditioning,discrimination occurs when

Negative reinforcement in operant conditioning

Karen receives a box of chocolates from her grandmother for getting good grades in math.In the context of operant conditioning,the chocolates are an example of a secondary reinforcer.

Liza's teacher has given her class a math problem to solve.She says that there is a trick to it but if they really think about it,the answer is quite simple.The class is silent for a few moments before Liza suddenly raises her hand and provides the correct solution to the problem.In this scenario,Liza's sudden understanding of the problem exemplifies

Observational learning is different from the associative learning described by behaviorism because observational learning