Question 1

Which of the following fats are linked with high cholesterol and heart disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  saturated fats 
B)  monounsaturated fats 
C)  polyunsaturated fats 
D)  all fats, regardless of saturation 
A)  saturated fats 
B)  monounsaturated fats 
C)  polyunsaturated fats 
D)  all fats, regardless of saturation

Question 2

The following are not essential in the human diet.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethanol. 
B)  Nucleic acids. 
C)  Heme containing compounds. 
D)  Neither ethanol nor heme-containing compounds are required. 
E)  None of these is required in the human diet. 
A)  Ethanol. 
B)  Nucleic acids. 
C)  Heme containing compounds. 
D)  Neither ethanol nor heme-containing compounds are required. 
E)  None of these is required in the human diet.

Question 3

A second messenger is

Accepted Answer

A)  a substance that brings about a desired effect in a cell as a result of a hormone binding to its receptor on the cell surface 
B)  a hormone that acts on a target cell, not one of the releasing factors or trophic hormones that act on specific endocrine glands 
C)  a hormone that affects the DNA of the target cell 
D)  a specialized form of mRNA 
A)  a substance that brings about a desired effect in a cell as a result of a hormone binding to its receptor on the cell surface 
B)  a hormone that acts on a target cell, not one of the releasing factors or trophic hormones that act on specific endocrine glands 
C)  a hormone that affects the DNA of the target cell 
D)  a specialized form of mRNA

Question 4

What function do vitamins usually serve?

Accepted Answer

A)  coenzymes or precursors of coenzymes 
B)  intermediates of the TCA cycle 
C)  precursors of amino acids 
D)  hormones or second messengers 
A)  coenzymes or precursors of coenzymes 
B)  intermediates of the TCA cycle 
C)  precursors of amino acids 
D)  hormones or second messengers

Question 5

Many hormones come in pairs,which have opposing metabolic activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following best describes protein kinases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protein kinases act by transferring a phosphate from a protein to ADP to make ATP. 
B)  Protein kinases act by transfering a phosphate from a donor molecule, like ATP, to a protein molecule, thereby changing its activity 
C)  Protein kinases phosphorylate enzymes and activate them 
D)  Protein kinases phosphorylate key tyrosine residues on receptors 
A)  Protein kinases act by transferring a phosphate from a protein to ADP to make ATP. 
B)  Protein kinases act by transfering a phosphate from a donor molecule, like ATP, to a protein molecule, thereby changing its activity 
C)  Protein kinases phosphorylate enzymes and activate them 
D)  Protein kinases phosphorylate key tyrosine residues on receptors

Question 7

Glycogen metabolism is influenced by

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorylase kinase 
B)  phosphoprotein phosphatase 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  all of these 
A)  phosphorylase kinase 
B)  phosphoprotein phosphatase 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  all of these

Question 8

Which of the following is not a characteristic of anabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  macromolecules are synthesized 
B)  ATP is generally consumed in these pathways 
C)  the pathways are exergonic 
D)  the molecules undergo reduction 
A)  macromolecules are synthesized 
B)  ATP is generally consumed in these pathways 
C)  the pathways are exergonic 
D)  the molecules undergo reduction

Question 9

Insulin exerts its effects through

Accepted Answer

A)  cyclic AMP. 
B)  calcium ions. 
C)  tyrosine kinases. 
D)  direct action on DNA-binding proteins. 
A)  cyclic AMP. 
B)  calcium ions. 
C)  tyrosine kinases. 
D)  direct action on DNA-binding proteins.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates 
B)  fats 
C)  proteins 
D)  iron 
A)  carbohydrates 
B)  fats 
C)  proteins 
D)  iron

Question 11

Intracellular second messengers include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  Ca2+ 
B)  DAG 
C)  cATP 
D)  nitric oxide (NO) 
A)  Ca2+ 
B)  DAG 
C)  cATP 
D)  nitric oxide (NO)

Question 12

The American Heart Association advocates that 30% or less of our calories should come from fats,but the typical US diet actually exceeds 40% fat.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Overdoses are possible for which of the following vitamins?

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamins A, D, and E 
B)  vitamins A, C, and E 
C)  vitamins A, B1, and C 
D)  vitamins A, B1, and B6 
A)  vitamins A, D, and E 
B)  vitamins A, C, and E 
C)  vitamins A, B1, and C 
D)  vitamins A, B1, and B6

Question 14

Which of the following best describes insulin's structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleotide 
B)  peptide 
C)  mineral 
D)  carbohydrate 
A)  nucleotide 
B)  peptide 
C)  mineral 
D)  carbohydrate

Question 15

The following reactions are all common parts of some hormone processes: 1.Binding of the hormone to a receptor.
2)Synthesis of cyclic AMP
3)Phosphorylation of the target enzyme.
4)Release of a G-protein from the interior cell membrane.
5)Activation of a protein kinase.
A typical path of reactions would follow this sequence:

Accepted Answer

A)  1 2 4 3 5. 
B)  1 4 2 3 5. 
C)  1 4 2 5 3. 
D)  1 2 4 5 3. 
E)  2 1 4 5 3. 
A)  1 2 4 3 5. 
B)  1 4 2 3 5. 
C)  1 4 2 5 3. 
D)  1 2 4 5 3. 
E)  2 1 4 5 3.

Question 16

Low levels of iodide in the diet can lead to an enlarged thyroid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following is not a typical structure for a hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  steroid 
B)  carbohydrate 
C)  amino Acid derivative 
D)  protein or polypeptide 
E)  All of these structures are seen as hormones. 
A)  steroid 
B)  carbohydrate 
C)  amino Acid derivative 
D)  protein or polypeptide 
E)  All of these structures are seen as hormones.

Question 18

Epinephrine is an example of a hormone which uses calcium ion as a key part of its intracellular effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Growth hormone imbalance does not lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  acromegaly 
B)  dwarfism 
C)  giantism 
D)  Cushing's syndrome 
A)  acromegaly 
B)  dwarfism 
C)  giantism 
D)  Cushing's syndrome

Question 20

Between meals,the blood glucose levels are regulated mostly by

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen phosphorylase 
B)  insulin 
C)  glucagon 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  insulin and glucagon
F) none of these 
A)  glycogen phosphorylase 
B)  insulin 
C)  glucagon 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  insulin and glucagon
F) none of these

Exam 24: Integration of Metabolism: Cellular Signaling

Which of the following fats are linked with high cholesterol and heart disease?

The following are not essential in the human diet.

A second messenger is

What function do vitamins usually serve?

Many hormones come in pairs,which have opposing metabolic activity.

Which of the following best describes protein kinases?

Glycogen metabolism is influenced by

Which of the following is not a characteristic of anabolic pathways?

Insulin exerts its effects through

Which of the following is not a macronutrient?

Intracellular second messengers include all of the following except

The American Heart Association advocates that 30% or less of our calories should come from fats,but the typical US diet actually exceeds 40% fat.

Overdoses are possible for which of the following vitamins?

Which of the following best describes insulin's structure?

Low levels of iodide in the diet can lead to an enlarged thyroid.

Which of the following is not a typical structure for a hormone?

Epinephrine is an example of a hormone which uses calcium ion as a key part of its intracellular effect.

Growth hormone imbalance does not lead to

Between meals,the blood glucose levels are regulated mostly by

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water: The Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes, Mechanisms, and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Nucleic Acids: How Structure Conveys Information

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids: Replication

Transcription of the Genetic Code: Biosynthesis of Rna

Protein Synthesis: Translation of the Genetic Message

Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

Viruses, Cancer, and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Lipid Metabolism

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

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