Question 1

In eukaryotic replication,the RNA primers are degraded by:

Accepted Answer

A)  the 5' to 3' exonuclease activity of pol ä 
B)  DNA ligase 
C)  Helicase 
D)  FEN-1 and RNase H1 
A)  the 5' to 3' exonuclease activity of pol ä 
B)  DNA ligase 
C)  Helicase 
D)  FEN-1 and RNase H1 D

Question 2

The production of RNA on a DNA template is called

Accepted Answer

A)  replication. 
B)  transcription. 
C)  translation. 
D)  nucleation. 
A)  replication. 
B)  transcription. 
C)  translation. 
D)  nucleation. B

Question 3

The famous Meselson and Stahl experiment showed:

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA is replicated by a semi-conservative mechanism. 
B)  The direction of DNA synthesis proceeds 5' 3'. 
C)  The isotope 15N is denser than 14N. 
D)  DNA replication is semi-conservative and 15N is denser than 14N. 
E)  All of these are correct. 
A)  DNA is replicated by a semi-conservative mechanism. 
B)  The direction of DNA synthesis proceeds 5' 3'. 
C)  The isotope 15N is denser than 14N. 
D)  DNA replication is semi-conservative and 15N is denser than 14N. 
E)  All of these are correct. A

Question 4

Which of the following describes a difference between DNA polymerases in eukaryotes and bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some eukaryotic polymerases include a primase. 
B)  All the eukaryotic enzymes are polymeric. 
C)  Eukaryotes require a special enzyme to remove the RNA primer. 
D)  Some eukaryotic polymerases include a primase and all are polymeric. 
E)  All of these are correct. 
A)  Some eukaryotic polymerases include a primase. 
B)  All the eukaryotic enzymes are polymeric. 
C)  Eukaryotes require a special enzyme to remove the RNA primer. 
D)  Some eukaryotic polymerases include a primase and all are polymeric. 
E)  All of these are correct.

Question 5

Which of these proteins is used less for leading strand replication than for lagging strand replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase 
B)  DNA-binding protein 
C)  DNA ligase 
D)  DNA gyrase 
A)  DNA polymerase 
B)  DNA-binding protein 
C)  DNA ligase 
D)  DNA gyrase

Question 6

An important process in the synthesis of new DNA is

Accepted Answer

A)  proofreading and repair. 
B)  unwinding of the double helix. 
C)  protection of single-stranded regions from nuclease action. 
D)  all of these 
A)  proofreading and repair. 
B)  unwinding of the double helix. 
C)  protection of single-stranded regions from nuclease action. 
D)  all of these

Question 7

Exhibit 10A Consider the following diagrams showing a replication fork moving from left to right.The thick lines represent the template/parental strands.The 5' and 3' represent the ends of those template/parental strands.
  Refer to Exhibit 10A.Which Okazaki fragment was synthesized earliest?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the process of DNA replication in a prokaryote?

Accepted Answer

A)  Replication begins at a unique site and proceeds in one direction all the way around a typically circular chromosome. 
B)  Replication begins at a unique site and proceeds in two directions, meeting about halfway around a typically circular chromosome. 
C)  Replication begins at multiple sites, spreading outward until the entire typically circular chromosome is replicated. 
D)  Replication begins at multiple sites, spreading outward until the entire typically linear chromosome is replicated. 
A)  Replication begins at a unique site and proceeds in one direction all the way around a typically circular chromosome. 
B)  Replication begins at a unique site and proceeds in two directions, meeting about halfway around a typically circular chromosome. 
C)  Replication begins at multiple sites, spreading outward until the entire typically circular chromosome is replicated. 
D)  Replication begins at multiple sites, spreading outward until the entire typically linear chromosome is replicated.

Question 9

The proofreading of DNA is especially good because "the identity of each base pair is checked before the enzyme moves on to the next base pair."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which is most likely to have a high processivity?

Accepted Answer

A)  a DNA polymerase that is primarily a repair enzyme 
B)  a primase 
C)  a DNA ligase 
D)  a DNA polymerase that is a main polymerizing enzyme 
A)  a DNA polymerase that is primarily a repair enzyme 
B)  a primase 
C)  a DNA ligase 
D)  a DNA polymerase that is a main polymerizing enzyme

Question 11

Ultra-violet light principally causes which of the following damages to DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  mismatches between stands 
B)  breaks in the phosphodiester backbone of the DNA strand 
C)  thymine dimerization 
D)  methylation of specific bases 
A)  mismatches between stands 
B)  breaks in the phosphodiester backbone of the DNA strand 
C)  thymine dimerization 
D)  methylation of specific bases

Question 12

One major difficulty in replicating linear DNA molecules is replacing the segment of DNA occupied by the RNA primer on the telomeres at the ends of the DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

DNA replication is a challenging process because:

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA strands must be separated 
B)  New DNA is always synthesized from the 5' 3' direction but the two template strands run in opposite directions 
C)  The cell must guard against replication errors 
D)  All of these 
A)  DNA strands must be separated 
B)  New DNA is always synthesized from the 5' 3' direction but the two template strands run in opposite directions 
C)  The cell must guard against replication errors 
D)  All of these

Question 14

Which repair mechanism has an intermediate wherein a region of single-stranded DNA is temporarily created?

Accepted Answer

A)  Base Excision 
B)  Nucleotide Excision 
C)  Pol III Proofreading 
D)  Mismatch Repair 
A)  Base Excision 
B)  Nucleotide Excision 
C)  Pol III Proofreading 
D)  Mismatch Repair

Question 15

Which of the following mechanisms allow repair enzymes to distinguish incorrect bases in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  The newly synthesized strand of DNA lacks methylated bases and other modifications. 
B)  Deamination of A and C lead to improper bases for DNA. 
C)  Thymine dimers and other cross links kink the DNA and are easy to find. 
D)  All of these mechanisms allow repair enzymes to distinguish which base is incorrect. 
A)  The newly synthesized strand of DNA lacks methylated bases and other modifications. 
B)  Deamination of A and C lead to improper bases for DNA. 
C)  Thymine dimers and other cross links kink the DNA and are easy to find. 
D)  All of these mechanisms allow repair enzymes to distinguish which base is incorrect.

Question 16

The primer for in vivo DNA replication is:

Accepted Answer

A)  The 3' hydroxyl of the preceding Okazaki fragment. 
B)  A short piece of RNA. 
C)  A nick made in the DNA template. 
D)  A primer is not always required for DNA replication. 
E)  All of these are true. 
A)  The 3' hydroxyl of the preceding Okazaki fragment. 
B)  A short piece of RNA. 
C)  A nick made in the DNA template. 
D)  A primer is not always required for DNA replication. 
E)  All of these are true.

Question 17

The following enzyme is responsible for the bulk of DNA synthesis during replication.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA Polymerase I 
B)  DNA Polymerase II 
C)  DNA Polymerase III 
D)  DNA Polymerases IV 
E)  All four can make lots of DNA rapidly. 
A)  DNA Polymerase I 
B)  DNA Polymerase II 
C)  DNA Polymerase III 
D)  DNA Polymerases IV 
E)  All four can make lots of DNA rapidly.

Question 18

Recombination:

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs randomly throughout a chromosome 
B)  occurs more often in areas called hot spots 
C)  is a process that only happens under controlled laboratory conditions 
D)  is a spontaneous process that requires no enzymes 
A)  occurs randomly throughout a chromosome 
B)  occurs more often in areas called hot spots 
C)  is a process that only happens under controlled laboratory conditions 
D)  is a spontaneous process that requires no enzymes

Question 19

It is so important to keep the DNA molecule fully connected that some repair mechanisms will actually allow mismatches or deletions from the DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is not a function of DNA polymerase I from E.coli?

Accepted Answer

A)  adding nucleotides to the primer strand 
B)  3' 5' exonuclease activity 
C)  5' 3' exonuclease activity 
D)  proofreading 
A)  adding nucleotides to the primer strand 
B)  3' 5' exonuclease activity 
C)  5' 3' exonuclease activity 
D)  proofreading

Exam 10: Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids: Replication

In eukaryotic replication,the RNA primers are degraded by:

The production of RNA on a DNA template is called

The famous Meselson and Stahl experiment showed:

Which of the following describes a difference between DNA polymerases in eukaryotes and bacteria?

Which of these proteins is used less for leading strand replication than for lagging strand replication?

An important process in the synthesis of new DNA is

Exhibit 10A Consider the following diagrams showing a replication fork moving from left to right.The thick lines represent the template/parental strands.The 5' and 3' represent the ends of those template/parental strands. Refer to Exhibit 10A.Which Okazaki fragment was synthesized earliest?

Which of the following best describes the process of DNA replication in a prokaryote?

The proofreading of DNA is especially good because "the identity of each base pair is checked before the enzyme moves on to the next base pair."

Which is most likely to have a high processivity?

Ultra-violet light principally causes which of the following damages to DNA?

One major difficulty in replicating linear DNA molecules is replacing the segment of DNA occupied by the RNA primer on the telomeres at the ends of the DNA.

DNA replication is a challenging process because:

Which repair mechanism has an intermediate wherein a region of single-stranded DNA is temporarily created?

Which of the following mechanisms allow repair enzymes to distinguish incorrect bases in DNA?

The primer for in vivo DNA replication is:

The following enzyme is responsible for the bulk of DNA synthesis during replication.

Recombination:

It is so important to keep the DNA molecule fully connected that some repair mechanisms will actually allow mismatches or deletions from the DNA.

Which of the following is not a function of DNA polymerase I from E.coli?

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water: The Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes, Mechanisms, and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Nucleic Acids: How Structure Conveys Information

Transcription of the Genetic Code: Biosynthesis of Rna

Protein Synthesis: Translation of the Genetic Message

Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

Viruses, Cancer, and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Lipid Metabolism

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

Integration of Metabolism: Cellular Signaling

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