Question 1

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a transformed cell?

Accepted Answer

A) Viral nucleic acid integrated into host DNA 
B) Decreased growth rate 
C) Alterations in chromosomes 
D) Changes in cell surface molecules 
E) Capacity to divide indefinitely 
A) Viral nucleic acid integrated into host DNA 
B) Decreased growth rate 
C) Alterations in chromosomes 
D) Changes in cell surface molecules 
E) Capacity to divide indefinitely

Question 2

Viruses that infect bacteria are specifically called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) viroids 
B) prions 
C) bacteriophages 
D) satellite viruses 
A) viroids 
B) prions 
C) bacteriophages 
D) satellite viruses

Question 3

You are working in a laboratory that is studying a newly isolated virus.Your job is to culture the virus using in vitro methods.Upon observing your inoculated tissue culture specimen one day, you notice clumps of cells growing on top of the original monolayer of cells.Microscopic analysis of stained cells from the culture reveal an alteration in host cell membrane protein content and chromosomal structure.Based upon this information, you hypothesize that the virus you are studying is ______.

Accepted Answer

A) a bacteriophage 
B) a prion 
C) a viroid 
D) an oncovirus 
E) a satellite virus 
A) a bacteriophage 
B) a prion 
C) a viroid 
D) an oncovirus 
E) a satellite virus

Question 4

In order to synthesize proteins, a virus with a genome comprised of single-stranded negative-sense RNA

Accepted Answer

A) can directly translate its negative-sense RNA strand into proteins. 
B) must use reverse transcriptase to make a negative-sense DNA strand first. 
C) must use DNA polymerase to make a positive-sense DNA strand first. 
D) must use its negative-sense strand as a template to make a positive-sense RNA. 
A) can directly translate its negative-sense RNA strand into proteins. 
B) must use reverse transcriptase to make a negative-sense DNA strand first. 
C) must use DNA polymerase to make a positive-sense DNA strand first. 
D) must use its negative-sense strand as a template to make a positive-sense RNA.

Question 5

Tamiflu is a common medication given for influenza treatment.It works by protecting and blocking sialic acid molecules on the surfaces of host cells and influenza virus envelopes as they leave the cell.Which statement reflects the mechanism of Tamiflu's action?

Accepted Answer

A) Tamiflu blocks protein synthesis of the viral genome. 
B) Tamiflu interferes with the replication of +ssRNA from the -ssRNA genome of the flu virus. 
C) Tamiflu interferes with the release of the budding viruses from the infected host cells. 
D) Tamiflu interferes with the metabolic properties of the virus. 
A) Tamiflu blocks protein synthesis of the viral genome. 
B) Tamiflu interferes with the replication of +ssRNA from the -ssRNA genome of the flu virus. 
C) Tamiflu interferes with the release of the budding viruses from the infected host cells. 
D) Tamiflu interferes with the metabolic properties of the virus.

Question 6

Viruses are the most common cause of acute infections that do not result in hospitalization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Viral tissue specificities are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) ranges 
B) virions 
C) receptacles 
D) tropisms 
E) uncoating 
A) ranges 
B) virions 
C) receptacles 
D) tropisms 
E) uncoating

Question 8

A fully formed virus that can cause an infection in a host cell is called a virion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Freshly isolated animal tissue that is placed in a growth medium and allowed to produce a cell monolayer is referred to as a/n _____ cell culture.

Accepted Answer

A) initial 
B) primary 
C) secondary 
D) continuous 
E) positive 
A) initial 
B) primary 
C) secondary 
D) continuous 
E) positive

Question 10

Which of the following is not a viral order in the classification system?

Accepted Answer

A) Caudovirales 
B) Vaccinia virus 
C) Nidovirales 
D) Mononegavirales 
A) Caudovirales 
B) Vaccinia virus 
C) Nidovirales 
D) Mononegavirales

Question 11

Oncogenic viruses include all the following except ______.

Accepted Answer

A) hepatitis B virus 
B) measles virus 
C) Papillomavirus 
D) HTLV-I and HTLV-II viruses 
E) Epstein-Barr virus 
A) hepatitis B virus 
B) measles virus 
C) Papillomavirus 
D) HTLV-I and HTLV-II viruses 
E) Epstein-Barr virus

Question 12

Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shape of a viral ______.

Accepted Answer

A) spike 
B) capsomere 
C) envelope 
D) capsid 
E) core 
A) spike 
B) capsomere 
C) envelope 
D) capsid 
E) core

Question 13

Viral spikes are inserted into the host cell membrane before budding or exocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Successful anti-HIV drug therapies today work by blocking the action of viral reverse transcriptase.Select which step of virus multiplication that would be directly blocked by this mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A) Adsorption 
B) Penetration 
C) Synthesis 
D) Assembly 
E) Release 
A) Adsorption 
B) Penetration 
C) Synthesis 
D) Assembly 
E) Release

Question 15

Lysogeny refers to

Accepted Answer

A) altering the host range of a virus. 
B) the latent state of herpes infections. 
C) virions exiting host cell. 
D) the viral genome inserting into bacterial host chromosome. 
A) altering the host range of a virus. 
B) the latent state of herpes infections. 
C) virions exiting host cell. 
D) the viral genome inserting into bacterial host chromosome.

Question 16

All of the following pertain to virus envelopes except

Accepted Answer

A) gained as a virus leaves the host cell membrane. 
B) gained as a virus leaves the nuclear membrane. 
C) contain special virus proteins. 
D) help the virus particle attach to host cells. 
E) located between the capsid and nucleic acid. 
A) gained as a virus leaves the host cell membrane. 
B) gained as a virus leaves the nuclear membrane. 
C) contain special virus proteins. 
D) help the virus particle attach to host cells. 
E) located between the capsid and nucleic acid.

Question 17

Host range is limited by the

Accepted Answer

A) type of nucleic acid in the virus. 
B) age of the host cell. 
C) type of host cell receptors on cell membrane. 
D) size of the host cell. 
A) type of nucleic acid in the virus. 
B) age of the host cell. 
C) type of host cell receptors on cell membrane. 
D) size of the host cell.

Question 18

Viral spikes

Accepted Answer

A) are always present on enveloped viruses. 
B) attach the viral capsid and envelope. 
C) allow bacteria to evade host defenses. 
D) are derived from host proteins. 
E) are for recognition among the various types of viruses. 
A) are always present on enveloped viruses. 
B) attach the viral capsid and envelope. 
C) allow bacteria to evade host defenses. 
D) are derived from host proteins. 
E) are for recognition among the various types of viruses.

Question 19

Viral growth in bird embryos can cause discrete, opaque spots in the embryonic membranes called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) patches 
B) buds 
C) plaques 
D) cytopathic effects 
E) pocks 
A) patches 
B) buds 
C) plaques 
D) cytopathic effects 
E) pocks

Question 20

Which of the following occurs during assembly?

Accepted Answer

A) The nucleocapsid is formed. 
B) New viral nucleic acid is formed. 
C) Viral spikes insert in host cell membrane. 
D) The nucleocapsid is formed and viral spikes insert in host cell membrane. 
E) The viral envelope and the host cell membrane fuse. 
A) The nucleocapsid is formed. 
B) New viral nucleic acid is formed. 
C) Viral spikes insert in host cell membrane. 
D) The nucleocapsid is formed and viral spikes insert in host cell membrane. 
E) The viral envelope and the host cell membrane fuse.

Exam 6: An Introduction to the Viruses

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a transformed cell?

Viruses that infect bacteria are specifically called ______.

In order to synthesize proteins, a virus with a genome comprised of single-stranded negative-sense RNA

Tamiflu is a common medication given for influenza treatment.It works by protecting and blocking sialic acid molecules on the surfaces of host cells and influenza virus envelopes as they leave the cell.Which statement reflects the mechanism of Tamiflu's action?

Viruses are the most common cause of acute infections that do not result in hospitalization.

Viral tissue specificities are called ______.

A fully formed virus that can cause an infection in a host cell is called a virion.

Freshly isolated animal tissue that is placed in a growth medium and allowed to produce a cell monolayer is referred to as a/n _____ cell culture.

Which of the following is not a viral order in the classification system?

Oncogenic viruses include all the following except ______.

Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shape of a viral ______.

Viral spikes are inserted into the host cell membrane before budding or exocytosis.

Successful anti-HIV drug therapies today work by blocking the action of viral reverse transcriptase.Select which step of virus multiplication that would be directly blocked by this mechanism.

Lysogeny refers to

All of the following pertain to virus envelopes except

Host range is limited by the

Viral spikes

Viral growth in bird embryos can cause discrete, opaque spots in the embryonic membranes called ______.

Which of the following occurs during assembly?

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Antimicrobial Treatment

Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

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