Question 1

B and T lymphocytes are specific; they have only a single type of cell marker on their surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Live, attenuated vaccines

Accepted Answer

A) include the Sabin polio vaccine. 
B) include the measles, mumps, rubella vaccine (MMR). 
C) contain viable microbes that can multiply in the person. 
D) require smaller doses and fewer boosters compared to inactivated vaccines. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) include the Sabin polio vaccine. 
B) include the measles, mumps, rubella vaccine (MMR). 
C) contain viable microbes that can multiply in the person. 
D) require smaller doses and fewer boosters compared to inactivated vaccines. 
E) All of the choices are correct. E

Question 3

A foreign molecule that causes a specific immune response is a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

A) PAMP 
B) marker 
C) antigen 
D) hapten 
E) antibody 
A) PAMP 
B) marker 
C) antigen 
D) hapten 
E) antibody C

Question 4

Which of the following is not a target for TC cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Pig transplanted heart 
B) Human transplanted liver 
C) Virus-infected cells 
D) Cancer cells 
E) Bacteria 
A) Pig transplanted heart 
B) Human transplanted liver 
C) Virus-infected cells 
D) Cancer cells 
E) Bacteria

Question 5

All of the following are characteristics of IgM except

Accepted Answer

A) it can serve as a B-cell receptor. 
B) it is a dimer. 
C) it is the first class synthesized by a plasma cell. 
D) it has 10 antigen binding sites. 
E) it contains a central J chain. 
A) it can serve as a B-cell receptor. 
B) it is a dimer. 
C) it is the first class synthesized by a plasma cell. 
D) it has 10 antigen binding sites. 
E) it contains a central J chain.

Question 6

Class I MHC genes code for

Accepted Answer

A) self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes. 
B) all HLA antigens. 
C) receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells. 
D) certain secreted complement components. 
A) self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes. 
B) all HLA antigens. 
C) receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells. 
D) certain secreted complement components.

Question 7

Lymphocyte maturation involves

Accepted Answer

A) hormonal signals that initiate development. 
B) B cells maturing in bone marrow sites. 
C) T cells maturing in the thymus. 
D) release of mature lymphocytes to begin migration to various lymphoid organs. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) hormonal signals that initiate development. 
B) B cells maturing in bone marrow sites. 
C) T cells maturing in the thymus. 
D) release of mature lymphocytes to begin migration to various lymphoid organs. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 8

Which process involves antibodies covering surface receptors on a virus or toxin molecule, thereby disrupting their activity?

Accepted Answer

A) Opsonization 
B) Neutralization 
C) Complement fixation 
D) Agglutination 
E) Anamnestic response 
A) Opsonization 
B) Neutralization 
C) Complement fixation 
D) Agglutination 
E) Anamnestic response

Question 9

The antibody-secreting progeny cells of a B-cell clone are called

Accepted Answer

A) plasma cells. 
B) antibodies. 
C) bursa cells. 
D) activated macrophages. 
E) sensitized T cells. 
A) plasma cells. 
B) antibodies. 
C) bursa cells. 
D) activated macrophages. 
E) sensitized T cells.

Question 10

The immunoglobulin class that has an Fc region that binds to receptors on basophils and mast cells is ______.

Accepted Answer

A) IgA 
B) IgG 
C) IgM 
D) IgD 
E) IgE 
A) IgA 
B) IgG 
C) IgM 
D) IgD 
E) IgE

Question 11

Fluzone is a brand name for a very commonly given influenza vaccine.The vaccine is prepared by first harvesting flu viruses in chicken embryos and then breaking apart virus particles into protein subunits, thereby inactivating the virus.Your friend refuses to get the vaccine.Which of these statements is the only valid reason for her not to get the flu vaccine?

Accepted Answer

A) She could pass the virus onto her baby, causing the child to become autistic. 
B) She is allergic to eggs. 
C) She could catch the flu from the inactivated vaccine. 
D) She could die from the vaccine. 
A) She could pass the virus onto her baby, causing the child to become autistic. 
B) She is allergic to eggs. 
C) She could catch the flu from the inactivated vaccine. 
D) She could die from the vaccine.

Question 12

During which response to the antigen do we display a latent period of no secretory antibody synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Primary 
B) Secondary 
C) Tertiary 
D) Quaternary 
A) Primary 
B) Secondary 
C) Tertiary 
D) Quaternary

Question 13

The molecular fragment on an antigen molecule that a lymphocyte recognizes and responds to is called a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

A) hapten 
B) antigen binding site 
C) variable region 
D) epitope 
A) hapten 
B) antigen binding site 
C) variable region 
D) epitope

Question 14

The monomer subunit of immunoglobulin molecules has all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) two identical light polypeptide chains. 
B) two identical heavy polypeptide chains. 
C) four antigen binding sites. 
D) disulfide bonds between polypeptide chains. 
E) a variable and constant region on each polypeptide chain. 
A) two identical light polypeptide chains. 
B) two identical heavy polypeptide chains. 
C) four antigen binding sites. 
D) disulfide bonds between polypeptide chains. 
E) a variable and constant region on each polypeptide chain.

Question 15

After secreting antibodies during an immune response, plasma cells then differentiate into memory cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A patient enters your clinic with a suspected helminthic infection.In support of this diagnosis, you suspect elevated levels of which antibody in the patient's serum?

Accepted Answer

A) IgG 
B) IgM 
C) IgE 
D) IgD 
A) IgG 
B) IgM 
C) IgE 
D) IgD

Question 17

Vaccinia virus is often used in the technique to make

Accepted Answer

A) a booster. 
B) gamma globulin. 
C) an adjuvant. 
D) a "Trojan horse" recombinant vaccine. 
E) antibodies to toxin. 
A) a booster. 
B) gamma globulin. 
C) an adjuvant. 
D) a "Trojan horse" recombinant vaccine. 
E) antibodies to toxin.

Question 18

In order for B cells to produce antibodies and cytotoxic T cells to attack infected host cells, they must first

Accepted Answer

A) recognize self markers, develop specificity for the markers, and then produce clones. 
B) be activated by interleukins, encounter an antigen, and then develop specificity toward it. 
C) encounter an antigen, develop specificity for that antigen, and then remember the antigen. 
D) undergo maturation, encounter their specific antigen target, and then become activated through cytokines. 
A) recognize self markers, develop specificity for the markers, and then produce clones. 
B) be activated by interleukins, encounter an antigen, and then develop specificity toward it. 
C) encounter an antigen, develop specificity for that antigen, and then remember the antigen. 
D) undergo maturation, encounter their specific antigen target, and then become activated through cytokines.

Question 19

An example of natural active immunity would be

Accepted Answer

A) chickenpox infection, followed by lifelong immunity. 
B) giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease. 
C) a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta. 
D) chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox. 
A) chickenpox infection, followed by lifelong immunity. 
B) giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease. 
C) a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta. 
D) chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox.

Question 20

Specific immunity provides long-lasting protection through the production of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) memory cells 
B) plasma cells 
C) T helper cells 
D) antibodies 
E) phagocytotic cells 
A) memory cells 
B) plasma cells 
C) T helper cells 
D) antibodies 
E) phagocytotic cells

Exam 15: Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

B and T lymphocytes are specific; they have only a single type of cell marker on their surface.

Live, attenuated vaccines

A foreign molecule that causes a specific immune response is a(n) ______.

Which of the following is not a target for TC cells?

All of the following are characteristics of IgM except

Class I MHC genes code for

Lymphocyte maturation involves

Which process involves antibodies covering surface receptors on a virus or toxin molecule, thereby disrupting their activity?

The antibody-secreting progeny cells of a B-cell clone are called

The immunoglobulin class that has an Fc region that binds to receptors on basophils and mast cells is ______.

During which response to the antigen do we display a latent period of no secretory antibody synthesis?

The molecular fragment on an antigen molecule that a lymphocyte recognizes and responds to is called a(n) ______.

The monomer subunit of immunoglobulin molecules has all of the following except

After secreting antibodies during an immune response, plasma cells then differentiate into memory cells.

A patient enters your clinic with a suspected helminthic infection.In support of this diagnosis, you suspect elevated levels of which antibody in the patient's serum?

Vaccinia virus is often used in the technique to make

In order for B cells to produce antibodies and cytotoxic T cells to attack infected host cells, they must first

An example of natural active immunity would be

Specific immunity provides long-lasting protection through the production of _____.

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to the Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Antimicrobial Treatment

Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

Filters

Which of the following is not a target for T_C cells?