Question 1

Sticking to a decision despite evidence that it is a mistake is called _________.

Accepted Answer

A) confirmation bias 
B) overconfidence bias 
C) error enhancement 
D) escalation commitment 
A) confirmation bias 
B) overconfidence bias 
C) error enhancement 
D) escalation commitment

Question 2

An advantage of group decisions is that they increase the perception of the legitimacy of the solution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

When dealing with diverse organisations, it is important that managers _________.

Accepted Answer

A) educate other cultures about unacceptable behaviour 
B) accommodate diversity in decision-making philosophies 
C) focus on short-term goals 
D) encourage autocratic decision making 
A) educate other cultures about unacceptable behaviour 
B) accommodate diversity in decision-making philosophies 
C) focus on short-term goals 
D) encourage autocratic decision making

Question 4

Unstructured problems are situations in which _________.

Accepted Answer

A) all options are known 
B) not all options are known 
C) all decisions are perfectly rational 
D) not all decisions are perfectly rational 
A) all options are known 
B) not all options are known 
C) all decisions are perfectly rational 
D) not all decisions are perfectly rational

Question 5

Implementing a procedure requires more judgement and interpretation than implementing a policy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Mid-level managers in a country with low uncertainty avoidance are _________ than managers from a high uncertainty avoidance country.

Accepted Answer

A) less likely to make risky decisions 
B) more likely to avoid making decisions 
C) less likely to make foolish decisions 
D) more likely to make risky decisions 
A) less likely to make risky decisions 
B) more likely to avoid making decisions 
C) less likely to make foolish decisions 
D) more likely to make risky decisions

Question 7

A basketball coach who takes a very good shooter out of a game because she missed her last two shots has availability bias.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is the most effective number of people to have in a group?

Accepted Answer

A) 5-7 
B) 2-4 
C) 16-25 
D) 10-15 
A) 5-7 
B) 2-4 
C) 16-25 
D) 10-15

Question 9

Which of the following is most important for a manager to remember with relation to big data?

Accepted Answer

A) Developing high velocity analysis techniques 
B) Having sufficient data storage volume 
C) Reducing the variety of assets 
D) Making sure the goals are clear 
A) Developing high velocity analysis techniques 
B) Having sufficient data storage volume 
C) Reducing the variety of assets 
D) Making sure the goals are clear

Question 10

A low-level manager is most likely to solve problems under which condition?

Accepted Answer

A) Low risk 
B) Certainty 
C) Uncertainty 
D) Low certainty 
A) Low risk 
B) Certainty 
C) Uncertainty 
D) Low certainty

Question 11

A risk situation involves the decision maker estimating the likelihood of _________.

Accepted Answer

A) certain outcomes 
B) organisational efficiency 
C) programmed decisions 
D) conditional uncertainty 
A) certain outcomes 
B) organisational efficiency 
C) programmed decisions 
D) conditional uncertainty

Question 12

A judge consults guidelines before ordering the amount of damages to be paid in a legal case.What kind of decision making is she doing?

Accepted Answer

A) Following a policy 
B) Following the rule of law 
C) Non-programmed 
D) Unstructured and intuitive 
A) Following a policy 
B) Following the rule of law 
C) Non-programmed 
D) Unstructured and intuitive

Question 13

Two major advantages of electronic meetings are anonymity and honesty.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

_________ can cause people in a group to fail to express their true opinions.

Accepted Answer

A) Group imbalance 
B) Ambiguous responsibility 
C) Pressure to conform 
D) Years of experience 
A) Group imbalance 
B) Ambiguous responsibility 
C) Pressure to conform 
D) Years of experience

Question 15

In a short essay, discuss why design thinking is important to decision making, and how it is different from the traditional way managers solve problems.

Accepted Answer

Design thinking has been described as 'a

Question 16

A basketball coach makes the decision to bench or not bench his aggressive defence player based on the number of fouls he accumulated.Which decision-making method does the coach use?

Accepted Answer

A) A hunch 
B) A procedure 
C) A rule 
D) A policy 
A) A hunch 
B) A procedure 
C) A rule 
D) A policy

Question 17

A scientist cites two studies that show a positive effect for her drug and ignores five other studies that show a negative effect.Which error or bias is she committing?

Accepted Answer

A) Confirmation bias 
B) Anchoring effect 
C) Overconfidence bias 
D) Framing bias 
A) Confirmation bias 
B) Anchoring effect 
C) Overconfidence bias 
D) Framing bias

Question 18

Design thinking involves _________ whereas rational decision making relies on _________.

Accepted Answer

A) analysis; inventiveness 
B) emotions; observation 
C) inventiveness; present value 
D) inventiveness; analysis 
A) analysis; inventiveness 
B) emotions; observation 
C) inventiveness; present value 
D) inventiveness; analysis

Question 19

A manager has a choice of three investment funds.To assess them, he looks at their past investment records over the previous five years.The manager is operating under which condition?

Accepted Answer

A) Uncertainty 
B) Risk 
C) Certainty 
D) Probability 
A) Uncertainty 
B) Risk 
C) Certainty 
D) Probability

Question 20

Why do managers often use heuristics?

Accepted Answer

A) Heuristics eliminate errors and biases. 
B) Heuristics help managers explore all alternatives. 
C) Heuristics simplify decision making. 
D) Heuristics allow managers to identify weaknesses in their decision-making style. 
A) Heuristics eliminate errors and biases. 
B) Heuristics help managers explore all alternatives. 
C) Heuristics simplify decision making. 
D) Heuristics allow managers to identify weaknesses in their decision-making style.

Sticking to a decision despite evidence that it is a mistake is called _________.

An advantage of group decisions is that they increase the perception of the legitimacy of the solution.

When dealing with diverse organisations, it is important that managers _________.

Unstructured problems are situations in which _________.

Implementing a procedure requires more judgement and interpretation than implementing a policy.

Mid-level managers in a country with low uncertainty avoidance are _________ than managers from a high uncertainty avoidance country.

A basketball coach who takes a very good shooter out of a game because she missed her last two shots has availability bias.

Which of the following is the most effective number of people to have in a group?

Which of the following is most important for a manager to remember with relation to big data?

A low-level manager is most likely to solve problems under which condition?

A risk situation involves the decision maker estimating the likelihood of _________.

A judge consults guidelines before ordering the amount of damages to be paid in a legal case.What kind of decision making is she doing?

Two major advantages of electronic meetings are anonymity and honesty.

_________ can cause people in a group to fail to express their true opinions.

In a short essay, discuss why design thinking is important to decision making, and how it is different from the traditional way managers solve problems.

A basketball coach makes the decision to bench or not bench his aggressive defence player based on the number of fouls he accumulated.Which decision-making method does the coach use?

A scientist cites two studies that show a positive effect for her drug and ignores five other studies that show a negative effect.Which error or bias is she committing?

Design thinking involves _ whereas rational decision making relies on _.

A manager has a choice of three investment funds.To assess them, he looks at their past investment records over the previous five years.The manager is operating under which condition?

Why do managers often use heuristics?

Managers and Management

The Managerial Environment

Foundations of Planning

Organisational Structure and Design

Managing Human Resources

Managing Change and Innovation

Foundations of Individual Behaviour

Understanding Groups and Managing Work Teams

Motivating and Rewarding Employees

Leadership and Trust

Managing Communication and Information

Foundations of Control

Filters

Exam 3: Foundations of Decision Making

Sticking to a decision despite evidence that it is a mistake is called _________.

An advantage of group decisions is that they increase the perception of the legitimacy of the solution.

When dealing with diverse organisations, it is important that managers _________.

Unstructured problems are situations in which _________.

Implementing a procedure requires more judgement and interpretation than implementing a policy.

Mid-level managers in a country with low uncertainty avoidance are _________ than managers from a high uncertainty avoidance country.

A basketball coach who takes a very good shooter out of a game because she missed her last two shots has availability bias.

Which of the following is the most effective number of people to have in a group?

Which of the following is most important for a manager to remember with relation to big data?

A low-level manager is most likely to solve problems under which condition?

A risk situation involves the decision maker estimating the likelihood of _________.

A judge consults guidelines before ordering the amount of damages to be paid in a legal case.What kind of decision making is she doing?

Two major advantages of electronic meetings are anonymity and honesty.

_________ can cause people in a group to fail to express their true opinions.

In a short essay, discuss why design thinking is important to decision making, and how it is different from the traditional way managers solve problems.

A basketball coach makes the decision to bench or not bench his aggressive defence player based on the number of fouls he accumulated.Which decision-making method does the coach use?

A scientist cites two studies that show a positive effect for her drug and ignores five other studies that show a negative effect.Which error or bias is she committing?

Design thinking involves _________ whereas rational decision making relies on _________.

A manager has a choice of three investment funds.To assess them, he looks at their past investment records over the previous five years.The manager is operating under which condition?

Why do managers often use heuristics?

Managers and Management

The Managerial Environment

Foundations of Planning

Organisational Structure and Design

Managing Human Resources

Managing Change and Innovation

Foundations of Individual Behaviour

Understanding Groups and Managing Work Teams

Motivating and Rewarding Employees

Leadership and Trust

Managing Communication and Information

Foundations of Control

Filters

Design thinking involves _ whereas rational decision making relies on _.