Question 1

During childhood,growth and development of the brain PRIMARILY occurs by increasing

Accepted Answer

A)  neuron numbers only. 
B)  neuron size only. 
C)  number of dendrites and synapses only. 
D)  neuron numbers and neuron size. 
E)  neuron size and number of dendrites and synapses. 
A)  neuron numbers only. 
B)  neuron size only. 
C)  number of dendrites and synapses only. 
D)  neuron numbers and neuron size. 
E)  neuron size and number of dendrites and synapses.

Question 2

An excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)

Accepted Answer

A)  depolarizes a neuron, decreasing the likelihood of an action potential. 
B)  hyperpolarizes a neuron, decreasing the likelihood of an action potential. 
C)  depolarizes a neuron, increasing the likelihood of an action potential. 
D)  hyperpolarizes a neuron, increasing the likelihood of an action potential. 
A)  depolarizes a neuron, decreasing the likelihood of an action potential. 
B)  hyperpolarizes a neuron, decreasing the likelihood of an action potential. 
C)  depolarizes a neuron, increasing the likelihood of an action potential. 
D)  hyperpolarizes a neuron, increasing the likelihood of an action potential.

Question 3

Graded potentials can

Accepted Answer

A)  only act as signals over short distances. 
B)  only act as signals over long distances. 
C)  only cause or prevent an action potential. 
D)  act as signals over short distances and cause or prevent an action potential. 
E)  act as signals over long distances and cause or prevent an action potential. 
A)  only act as signals over short distances. 
B)  only act as signals over long distances. 
C)  only cause or prevent an action potential. 
D)  act as signals over short distances and cause or prevent an action potential. 
E)  act as signals over long distances and cause or prevent an action potential.

Question 4

Match the glial cell to the nervous system division in which it is found.
-ependymal cells

Accepted Answer

A) central nervous system 
B) peripheral nervous system 
A) central nervous system 
B) peripheral nervous system

Question 5

The term axonal transport refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the release of neurotransmitter molecules from the axon. 
B)  the transport of microtubules to the axon for structural support. 
C)  vesicle transport of proteins and organelles down the axon. 
D)  the movement of the axon terminal to synapse with a new postsynaptic cell. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  the release of neurotransmitter molecules from the axon. 
B)  the transport of microtubules to the axon for structural support. 
C)  vesicle transport of proteins and organelles down the axon. 
D)  the movement of the axon terminal to synapse with a new postsynaptic cell. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 6

Match the term with its description (answers may be used more than once).
-make(s)proteins necessary for repair of damaged neuron

Accepted Answer

A) ependymal cells 
B) astrocytes 
C) satellite cells 
D) Schwann cells 
E) oligodendrocytes
F)microglia 
A) ependymal cells 
B) astrocytes 
C) satellite cells 
D) Schwann cells 
E) oligodendrocytes
F)microglia

Question 7

Match the term with its description (answers may be used more than once).
-specialized immune cells that are confined to the CNS

Accepted Answer

A) ependymal cells 
B) astrocytes 
C) satellite cells 
D) Schwann cells 
E) oligodendrocytes
F)microglia 
A) ependymal cells 
B) astrocytes 
C) satellite cells 
D) Schwann cells 
E) oligodendrocytes
F)microglia

Question 8

If both Na+ and K+ channels are activated by depolarization,why do we see more Na+ flux during the rising phase of an action potential?

Accepted Answer

Although both channels are activated by

Question 9

Ion channel inactivation is

Accepted Answer

A)  closing of the channel in response to decrease in the stimulus. 
B)  closing of the channel even when the stimulus continues. 
C)  any type of channel closing. 
D)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  closing of the channel in response to decrease in the stimulus. 
B)  closing of the channel even when the stimulus continues. 
C)  any type of channel closing. 
D)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 10

Match the glial cell to the nervous system division in which it is found.
-satellite cells

Accepted Answer

A) central nervous system 
B) peripheral nervous system 
A) central nervous system 
B) peripheral nervous system

Question 11

To increase the amount of neurotransmitter released onto a postsynaptic cell,the presynaptic cell would have to

Accepted Answer

A)  send action potentials with higher voltage (higher amplitude). 
B)  send action potentials with longer durations. 
C)  send action potentials with higher frequency. 
D)  do nothing; no change is possible since the all-or-none law is in effect. 
A)  send action potentials with higher voltage (higher amplitude). 
B)  send action potentials with longer durations. 
C)  send action potentials with higher frequency. 
D)  do nothing; no change is possible since the all-or-none law is in effect.

Question 12

Match the glial cell to the nervous system division in which it is found.
-oligodendrocytes

Accepted Answer

A) central nervous system 
B) peripheral nervous system 
A) central nervous system 
B) peripheral nervous system

Question 13

Neurotransmitters are released from the

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrites. 
B)  axon terminals. 
C)  collaterals. 
D)  axon hillock. 
E)  synapse. 
A)  dendrites. 
B)  axon terminals. 
C)  collaterals. 
D)  axon hillock. 
E)  synapse.

Question 14

The tip of an embryonic nerve cell's axon is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  kissing cone. 
B)  stem tip. 
C)  growth cone. 
D)  growth tip. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  kissing cone. 
B)  stem tip. 
C)  growth cone. 
D)  growth tip. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 15

Match the term with its description (answers may be used more than once).
-supported by satellite cells

Accepted Answer

A) ependymal cells 
B) astrocytes 
C) satellite cells 
D) Schwann cells 
E) oligodendrocytes
F)microglia 
A) ependymal cells 
B) astrocytes 
C) satellite cells 
D) Schwann cells 
E) oligodendrocytes
F)microglia

Question 16

Presynaptic facilitation makes a pathway

Accepted Answer

A)  less likely to be in use, just through hyperpolarization of selected neurons. 
B)  more likely to be in use, just through depolarization of selected neurons. 
C)  capable of alteration, just through training and conditioning. 
D)  less likely to be in use, just through hyperpolarization of selected neurons and capable of alteration, just through training and conditioning. 
E)  more likely to be in use, just through depolarization of selected neurons and capable of alteration, just through training and conditioning. 
A)  less likely to be in use, just through hyperpolarization of selected neurons. 
B)  more likely to be in use, just through depolarization of selected neurons. 
C)  capable of alteration, just through training and conditioning. 
D)  less likely to be in use, just through hyperpolarization of selected neurons and capable of alteration, just through training and conditioning. 
E)  more likely to be in use, just through depolarization of selected neurons and capable of alteration, just through training and conditioning.

Question 17

In multiple sclerosis,there is progressive and intermittent damage to the myelin sheath of central axons.One symptom is poor motor control of the affected area.Why does destruction of the myelin sheath affect motor control?

Accepted Answer

Loss of myelin slows or stops impulse co

Question 18

Voltage-regulated channels are located

Accepted Answer

A)  within the cytosol only. 
B)  in the membranes of dendrites only. 
C)  in the membranes of axons only. 
D)  on the neuron cell body only. 
E)  in the membranes of dendrites, in the membranes of axons, and on the neuron cell body. 
A)  within the cytosol only. 
B)  in the membranes of dendrites only. 
C)  in the membranes of axons only. 
D)  on the neuron cell body only. 
E)  in the membranes of dendrites, in the membranes of axons, and on the neuron cell body.

Question 19

Once the stimulus alters the receptor on the cell's membrane,what happens next?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ion channels open, allowing ions to enter or exit. 
B)  The membrane permeability is altered. 
C)  A second messenger is activated on the inside of the cell. 
D)  Any of these actions could happen next. 
A)  Ion channels open, allowing ions to enter or exit. 
B)  The membrane permeability is altered. 
C)  A second messenger is activated on the inside of the cell. 
D)  Any of these actions could happen next.

Question 20

How do the following relate to nervous system development and/or healing? Synaptic plasticity,neuroglia,neurotrophic factors.

Accepted Answer

Synaptic plasticity is the changeability

Exam 8: Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

During childhood,growth and development of the brain PRIMARILY occurs by increasing

An excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)

Graded potentials can

Match the glial cell to the nervous system division in which it is found. -ependymal cells

The term axonal transport refers to

Match the term with its description (answers may be used more than once). -make(s)proteins necessary for repair of damaged neuron

Match the term with its description (answers may be used more than once). -specialized immune cells that are confined to the CNS

If both Na+ and K+ channels are activated by depolarization,why do we see more Na+ flux during the rising phase of an action potential?

Ion channel inactivation is

Match the glial cell to the nervous system division in which it is found. -satellite cells

To increase the amount of neurotransmitter released onto a postsynaptic cell,the presynaptic cell would have to

Match the glial cell to the nervous system division in which it is found. -oligodendrocytes

Neurotransmitters are released from the

The tip of an embryonic nerve cell's axon is called a

Match the term with its description (answers may be used more than once). -supported by satellite cells

Presynaptic facilitation makes a pathway

In multiple sclerosis,there is progressive and intermittent damage to the myelin sheath of central axons.One symptom is poor motor control of the affected area.Why does destruction of the myelin sheath affect motor control?

Voltage-regulated channels are located

Once the stimulus alters the receptor on the cell's membrane,what happens next?

How do the following relate to nervous system development and/or healing? Synaptic plasticity,neuroglia,neurotrophic factors.

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

If both Na⁺ and K⁺ channels are activated by depolarization,why do we see more Na⁺ flux during the rising phase of an action potential?