Question 1

Barophilic bacteria ______.

Accepted Answer

A) tolerate high concentration of barium 
B) grow at pressures up to 1,100 atm 
C) grow only in environments of reduced atmospheric pressure,such as found at high elevation 
D) require high concentrations of H2S gas for growth 
A) tolerate high concentration of barium 
B) grow at pressures up to 1,100 atm 
C) grow only in environments of reduced atmospheric pressure,such as found at high elevation 
D) require high concentrations of H2S gas for growth

Question 2

Low-nutrient,oligotrophic waters will usually become stratified and have an anaerobic hypolimnion at certain times of the year.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The importance of phage-mediated lateral gene transfer by virioplankton was illustrated by the fact that cyanophages thought to infect Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus carry the structural gene for ______.

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogenase 
B) phycocyanin production 
C) a photosynthetic reaction center protein 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) nitrogenase 
B) phycocyanin production 
C) a photosynthetic reaction center protein 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 4

Thiomargarita species store large amounts of _________ in huge internal vacuoles.

Accepted Answer

A) nitrate 
B) sulfate 
C) oxygen 
D) hydrogen sulfide 
A) nitrate 
B) sulfate 
C) oxygen 
D) hydrogen sulfide

Question 5

Growth in ocean areas that are high nutrient and low chlorophyll (HNLC)is limited by the availability of ______.

Accepted Answer

A) phosphorus 
B) manganese 
C) iron 
D) nitrogen 
A) phosphorus 
B) manganese 
C) iron 
D) nitrogen

Question 6

The process in which diurnal oxygen shifts can occur in a river after organic matter is added is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) self-reduction 
B) self-purification 
C) self-oxidation 
D) self-eutrophication 
A) self-reduction 
B) self-purification 
C) self-oxidation 
D) self-eutrophication

Question 7

In which of the following types of waters do seasonal climatic temperature changes result in distinct chemical and microbial stratification?

Accepted Answer

A) Oceans 
B) Lakes in temperate areas 
C) Lakes in tropical areas 
D) Fast flowing rivers 
A) Oceans 
B) Lakes in temperate areas 
C) Lakes in tropical areas 
D) Fast flowing rivers

Question 8

Bacteria in the$\alpha$-proteobacterial clade _______ are the most abundant organisms on Earth and demonstrate unique adaptations to life in the oligotrophic open ocean.
or
or

Accepted Answer

SAR11 SAR

Question 9

Which of the following statements concerning the microbial loop is not true?

Accepted Answer

A) Microbes consume dissolved organic matter. 
B) Marine viruses contribute to the production of dissolved organic matter. 
C) Microbes constitute particulate organic matter for zooplankton consumption. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) Microbes consume dissolved organic matter. 
B) Marine viruses contribute to the production of dissolved organic matter. 
C) Microbes constitute particulate organic matter for zooplankton consumption. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 10

Most microbes that inhabit estuaries are ______.

Accepted Answer

A) halophilic 
B) halotolerant 
C) halophobic 
D) halovariable 
A) halophilic 
B) halotolerant 
C) halophobic 
D) halovariable

Question 11

In marine and freshwater environments,the penetration of sunlight and the mixing of nutrients,oxygen,and waste products are the dominant factors controlling the microbial community.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The solubility of oxygen in water will change in which way when the water temperature is lowered?

Accepted Answer

A) No change will occur. 
B) The solubility will increase. 
C) The solubility will decrease. 
D) The solubility will first decrease then increase. 
A) No change will occur. 
B) The solubility will increase. 
C) The solubility will decrease. 
D) The solubility will first decrease then increase.

Question 13

Viruses in the marine environment (virioplankton)are very abundant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Winogradsky columns ______.

Accepted Answer

A) are typically used to isolate aquatic protozoa 
B) are used as a model system for studying microbial interactions 
C) are used in the process of isolating nanobacteria 
D) are used in the process of isolating aquatic viruses (virioplankton) 
A) are typically used to isolate aquatic protozoa 
B) are used as a model system for studying microbial interactions 
C) are used in the process of isolating nanobacteria 
D) are used in the process of isolating aquatic viruses (virioplankton)

Question 15

In the ocean,organic matter sinks from the surface to great depths as ______.

Accepted Answer

A) marine snow 
B) particulate debris 
C) photosynthetic potential 
D) None of the choices are correct. 
A) marine snow 
B) particulate debris 
C) photosynthetic potential 
D) None of the choices are correct.

Question 16

The depth to which light penetrates with sufficient intensity to support the activities of photoautotrophic organisms in the ocean is called the ______ zone.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The depth to which light penetrates with...

Question 17

The genome of Pelagibacter ubique ______.

Accepted Answer

A) is the smallest one thus far sequenced for a non-parasitic bacterium 
B) contains no pseudogenes 
C) has a very limited number of nucleotides between coding regions 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) is the smallest one thus far sequenced for a non-parasitic bacterium 
B) contains no pseudogenes 
C) has a very limited number of nucleotides between coding regions 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 18

The biologically available carbon that is produced within large,lentic rivers and lakes is called ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The biologically available carbon that is produced...

Question 19

The buffering effect of the balance between carbon dioxide,bicarbonate,and carbonate is stronger in freshwater than it is in the marine environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The oceans contain about ______% of the Earth's water.

Accepted Answer

A) 91 
B) 93 
C) 95 
D) 97 
A) 91 
B) 93 
C) 95 
D) 97

Exam 30: Microorganisms in Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems

Barophilic bacteria ______.

Low-nutrient,oligotrophic waters will usually become stratified and have an anaerobic hypolimnion at certain times of the year.

The importance of phage-mediated lateral gene transfer by virioplankton was illustrated by the fact that cyanophages thought to infect Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus carry the structural gene for ______.

Thiomargarita species store large amounts of _________ in huge internal vacuoles.

Growth in ocean areas that are high nutrient and low chlorophyll (HNLC)is limited by the availability of ______.

The process in which diurnal oxygen shifts can occur in a river after organic matter is added is called ______.

In which of the following types of waters do seasonal climatic temperature changes result in distinct chemical and microbial stratification?

Bacteria in the α\alphaα -proteobacterial clade _______ are the most abundant organisms on Earth and demonstrate unique adaptations to life in the oligotrophic open ocean. or or

Which of the following statements concerning the microbial loop is not true?

Most microbes that inhabit estuaries are ______.

In marine and freshwater environments,the penetration of sunlight and the mixing of nutrients,oxygen,and waste products are the dominant factors controlling the microbial community.

The solubility of oxygen in water will change in which way when the water temperature is lowered?

Viruses in the marine environment (virioplankton)are very abundant.

Winogradsky columns ______.

In the ocean,organic matter sinks from the surface to great depths as ______.

The depth to which light penetrates with sufficient intensity to support the activities of photoautotrophic organisms in the ocean is called the ______ zone.

The genome of Pelagibacter ubique ______.

The biologically available carbon that is produced within large,lentic rivers and lakes is called ___________.

The buffering effect of the balance between carbon dioxide,bicarbonate,and carbonate is stronger in freshwater than it is in the marine environment.

The oceans contain about ______% of the Earth's water.

The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

Microscopy

Bacterial Cell Structure

Archaeal Cell Structure

Eukaryotic Cell Structure

Viruses and Other Acellular Infectious Agents

Microbial Growth

Control of Microorganisms in the Environment

Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Introduction to Metabolism

Catabolism: Energy Release and Conservation

Anabolism: the Use of Energy in Biosynthesis

Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

Regulation of Bacterial Cellular Processes

Eukaryotic and Archaeal Genome Replication and Expression

Mechanisms of Genetic Variation

Recombinant DNA Technology

Microbial Genomics

Microbial Taxonomy and the Evolution of Diversity

Archaea

The Deinococci, Mollicutes, and Nonproteobacterial Gram-Negative Bacteria

The Proteobacteria

Firmicutes: The Low G-C Gram-Positive Bacteria

Actinobacteria: the High G-C Gram-Positive Bacteria

Protists

Fungi Eumycota

Viruses

Biogeochemical Cycling and Global Climate Change

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Microorganisms in Terrestrial Ecosystems

Microbial Interactions

Innate Host Resistance

Adaptive Immunity

Pathogenicity and Infection

Clinical Microbiology and Immunology

Epidemiology and Public Health Microbiology

Human Diseases Caused by Viruses and Prions

Human Diseases Caused by Bacteria

Human Diseases Caused by Fungi and Protists

Microbiology of Food

Biotechnology and Industrial Microbiology

Applied Environmental Microbiology

Filters

Bacteria in the $\alpha$ -proteobacterial clade _______ are the most abundant organisms on Earth and demonstrate unique adaptations to life in the oligotrophic open ocean. or or