Question 1

The most widely accepted current model for membrane structures is called the __________ model.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most widely accepted current model for...

Question 2

Motile bacteria have been placed in an environment with a gradient of a chemical attractant.Which of the following behaviors would you predict?
A.Bacteria will randomly switch back and forth between runs and tumbles.
B.The bacteria will only exhibit runs away from the chemical.
C.The bacteria will reduce tumbling frequency.
D.The bacteria will reduce run duration in the direction of the chemical.
E.The bacteria will both reduce tumbling frequency and increase run duration in the direction of the chemical.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Motile bacteria have been placed in an...

Question 3

Growth factors cannot by synthesized by the bacteria that use them and include amino acids,pyrimidines,and vitamins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The concept of a prokaryote was first fully outlined in 1962 by

Accepted Answer

A) Watson and Crick. 
B) Stanier and Van Niel. 
C) Hershey and Chase. 
D) Gilbert and Cech. 
A) Watson and Crick. 
B) Stanier and Van Niel. 
C) Hershey and Chase. 
D) Gilbert and Cech.

Question 5

A __________ is a polysaccharide layer that lies outside the cell wall and is not easily removed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A __________ is a polysaccharide layer that...

Question 6

Shrinkage of the plasma membrane away from the cell wall when the bacterium is placed in a hypertonic environment is called

Accepted Answer

A) osmolysis. 
B) plasmolysis. 
C) hydrolysis. 
D) hypertonolysis. 
A) osmolysis. 
B) plasmolysis. 
C) hydrolysis. 
D) hypertonolysis.

Question 7

The type III bacterial protein secretion machinery

Accepted Answer

A) has a needlelike structure through which proteins are secreted. 
B) includes structural features that may be evolutionarily related to the basal bodies of bacterial flagella. 
C) is found in gram-negative bacteria. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) has a needlelike structure through which proteins are secreted. 
B) includes structural features that may be evolutionarily related to the basal bodies of bacterial flagella. 
C) is found in gram-negative bacteria. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 8

Some species of aquatic bacteria use inclusion bodies known as ________ to orient themselves in Earth's magnetic field.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some species of aquatic bacteria use inclusion...

Question 9

The movement of molecules across a membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration with the use of a carrier molecule embedded in the membrane is called

Accepted Answer

A) facilitated diffusion. 
B) osmosis. 
C) passive diffusion. 
D) active transport. 
A) facilitated diffusion. 
B) osmosis. 
C) passive diffusion. 
D) active transport.

Question 10

Predict how the plasma membrane fatty acid composition would change as the temperature of the habitat of an aquatic bacterial species warms from 2oC to 15oC during the spring and summer months.

Accepted Answer

A) The percentage of saturated fatty acids would increase. 
B) The percentage of unsaturated fatty acids would increase. 
C) The percentage of saturated fatty acids would decrease. 
D) The percentage of saturated fatty acids would remain unchanged. 
A) The percentage of saturated fatty acids would increase. 
B) The percentage of unsaturated fatty acids would increase. 
C) The percentage of saturated fatty acids would decrease. 
D) The percentage of saturated fatty acids would remain unchanged.

Question 11

Zinc (Zn)is considered a macronutrient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following structures is NOT found in an endospore?

Accepted Answer

A) Capsule 
B) Coat 
C) Core 
D) Exosporium 
A) Capsule 
B) Coat 
C) Core 
D) Exosporium

Question 13

The term used to describe bacteria that are shaped like curved rods is

Accepted Answer

A) coccus. 
B) bacillus. 
C) vibrio. 
D) coccobacillus. 
A) coccus. 
B) bacillus. 
C) vibrio. 
D) coccobacillus.

Question 14

__________ is the process through which endospores are formed within a vegetative cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ is the process through which endospores...

Question 15

Which of the following processes can be used to bring nutrients into a cell against a concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

A) Active transport 
B) Facilitated diffusion 
C) Passive diffusion 
D) Active transport and facilitated diffusion 
A) Active transport 
B) Facilitated diffusion 
C) Passive diffusion 
D) Active transport and facilitated diffusion

Question 16

A new protein has been described that transports a growth factor across the plasma membrane.This protein is most likely a/an:

Accepted Answer

A) peripheral membrane protein,facing outward. 
B) peripheral membrane protein,facing the cytoplasmic side. 
C) integral membrane protein. 
D) cytoplasmic protein. 
A) peripheral membrane protein,facing outward. 
B) peripheral membrane protein,facing the cytoplasmic side. 
C) integral membrane protein. 
D) cytoplasmic protein.

Question 17

Sortase is a protein enzyme of bacteria that

Accepted Answer

A) plays a key role in directing proteins to the periplasm. 
B) catalyzes covalent attachment of some surface proteins to peptidoglycan. 
C) directs secretion of proteins across the outer membrane. 
D) functions by transporting flagellum proteins to their extracellular site of assembly. 
A) plays a key role in directing proteins to the periplasm. 
B) catalyzes covalent attachment of some surface proteins to peptidoglycan. 
C) directs secretion of proteins across the outer membrane. 
D) functions by transporting flagellum proteins to their extracellular site of assembly.

Question 18

__________ membranes allow some molecules to pass but not others.

Accepted Answer

A) Permeable 
B) Inverted monolayer 
C) Selectively permeable 
D) Impermeable 
A) Permeable 
B) Inverted monolayer 
C) Selectively permeable 
D) Impermeable

Question 19

Enzymes that are secreted out of the cell to aid in the acquisition and digestion of environmental nutrients are called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Enzymes that are secreted out of the...

Question 20

The term used to describe bacteria that have a spherical shape is

Accepted Answer

A) coccus. 
B) bacillus. 
C) vibrio. 
D) coccobacillus. 
A) coccus. 
B) bacillus. 
C) vibrio. 
D) coccobacillus.

Exam 3: Bacterial Cell Structure

The most widely accepted current model for membrane structures is called the __________ model.

Growth factors cannot by synthesized by the bacteria that use them and include amino acids,pyrimidines,and vitamins.

The concept of a prokaryote was first fully outlined in 1962 by

A __________ is a polysaccharide layer that lies outside the cell wall and is not easily removed.

Shrinkage of the plasma membrane away from the cell wall when the bacterium is placed in a hypertonic environment is called

The type III bacterial protein secretion machinery

Some species of aquatic bacteria use inclusion bodies known as ________ to orient themselves in Earth's magnetic field.

The movement of molecules across a membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration with the use of a carrier molecule embedded in the membrane is called

Predict how the plasma membrane fatty acid composition would change as the temperature of the habitat of an aquatic bacterial species warms from 2oC to 15oC during the spring and summer months.

Zinc (Zn)is considered a macronutrient.

Which of the following structures is NOT found in an endospore?

The term used to describe bacteria that are shaped like curved rods is

__________ is the process through which endospores are formed within a vegetative cell.

Which of the following processes can be used to bring nutrients into a cell against a concentration gradient?

A new protein has been described that transports a growth factor across the plasma membrane.This protein is most likely a/an:

Sortase is a protein enzyme of bacteria that

__________ membranes allow some molecules to pass but not others.

Enzymes that are secreted out of the cell to aid in the acquisition and digestion of environmental nutrients are called __________.

The term used to describe bacteria that have a spherical shape is

The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

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Viruses and Other Acellular Infectious Agents

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Control of Microorganisms in the Environment

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Introduction to Metabolism

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Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

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Microbial Taxonomy and the Evolution of Diversity

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Predict how the plasma membrane fatty acid composition would change as the temperature of the habitat of an aquatic bacterial species warms from 2^oC to 15^oC during the spring and summer months.