Exam 10: Complex Experimental Designs

A 4 × 5 factorial design would have _____ conditions.

Which of the following is a reason why a researcher may design an experiment with more than two levels of an independent variable?

In a study examining the effect of room illumination (low, medium, high) and room temperature (cold, warm, hot) on test performance, how many main effects are possible?

In order to ascertain the main effect of an independent variable, a researcher must use a(n) _____ design.

A researcher conducts an experiment in which half of the number of participants read a story designed to reduce prejudice (story group), whereas the other half read material unrelated to prejudice (control group). After reading the material, half of the participants describe a minority group while alone, and the other half describes a minority group in the presence of their peers. The dependent variable is the number of positive statements made about the minority group. The mean number of positive statements in the four conditions was: Alone Peer Control 1 2 Story 5 1 Although the final conclusions would be based on statistical significance tests, these results indicate a(n) _____.

In a 4 × 3 factorial design, for a completely repeated measures design, how many participants are needed in order to have 20 participants per condition?

A researcher examined judgments of responsibility for an automobile accident by manipulating the type of injuries received (none, mild, or severe) and the time of the accident (7 a.m., 12 p.m., 6 p.m., or 3 a.m.). How many main effects are possible in this study?

A researcher designs an experiment by manipulating room temperature (cold, warm, or hot); noise level (quiet or loud); and room color (pink, blue, or black). Identify the possible number of main effects.

An IV × PV design allows:

Mary found an interaction between a defendant's gender (male or female) and their appearance (attractive or unattractive) on judgments of criminal behavior. She analyzes the difference between judgments for unattractive defendants who are male or female. She then performs the same analysis for attractive males and females. Mary has examined the:

An educational researcher examines the effect of speaker credibility on attitude change in university and community college students. The PV in this design is the:

A researcher is interested in variables that may affect an individual's driving ability. He has people drive a course in wet, dry, or icy conditions. In addition, he has them drive a vehicle with or without power steering, and with an automatic or a manual transmission. This design is an example of a _____ factorial.

Which of the following best describes a mixed factorial design?

A researcher designs a study where participants are randomly assigned to one of the two conditions. Each participant is then measured under two different circumstances. This is an example of a(n) _____ design.

A researcher employs an IV × PV design to examine attitudes toward cheating. She presents freshmen from a private university with a written account describing a male or female student who was accused of cheating on an exam. The same procedure is repeated for a sample of freshmen from a public university. After reading the account, the students were asked to assign an appropriate punishment. The PV in this design would be the:

Dunn et al. (2005) conducted an experiment of the relationship between exercise and depression. Participants were randomly assigned to either a low or a high intensity workout regime. Some were assigned to work out 3 days a week, while other participants worked out 5 days a week. Identify the independent variable(s) in this study.

A researcher attempts to study the effects of alcohol on task performance. One factor is alcohol-alcohol treatment versus placebo control-and the other factor is task difficulty-easy versus difficult. If the researcher uses a completely repeated measures design with 15 participants per condition, how many participants will he need for the study?

A researcher finds that for female applicants, the likelihood of being hired for a job increases as their work experience increases. However, for male applicants, the likelihood of being hired decreases as their work experience increases. This finding suggests:

A problem with designing an experiment with only two levels of the independent variable is that:

Individuals with work experience and those without work experience are given identical resumes of a male or female applicant and asked to indicate the likelihood that they would hire the individual. The PV in this design is: