Question 1

A fully formed virus that can cause an infection in a host cell is called a virion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Classification of viruses into families involves determining all the following characteristics except

Accepted Answer

A)  type of nucleic acid. 
B)  type of capsid. 
C)  presence of an envelope. 
D)  biochemical reactions. 
E)  number of strands in the nucleic acid. 
A)  type of nucleic acid. 
B)  type of capsid. 
C)  presence of an envelope. 
D)  biochemical reactions. 
E)  number of strands in the nucleic acid.

Question 3

Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shape of a viral ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  spike 
B)  capsomere 
C)  envelope 
D)  capsid 
E)  core 
A)  spike 
B)  capsomere 
C)  envelope 
D)  capsid 
E)  core

Question 4

Antiviral drugs are often difficult to develop,largely because

Accepted Answer

A)  viruses are obligate intracellular parasites so the drugs must enter the host cell and often cause toxic side effects in order to destroy the virus. 
B)  viruses are more abundant in the body than bacterial cells. 
C)  viruses are much smaller than bacterial cells. 
D)  viruses are more pathogenic than bacterial cells. 
A)  viruses are obligate intracellular parasites so the drugs must enter the host cell and often cause toxic side effects in order to destroy the virus. 
B)  viruses are more abundant in the body than bacterial cells. 
C)  viruses are much smaller than bacterial cells. 
D)  viruses are more pathogenic than bacterial cells.

Question 5

Viral spikes are inserted into the host cell membrane before budding or exocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Each virus is classified into a genus based on its host,target tissue,and type of disease it causes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Using species names for viruses is controversial since viruses are not considered living organisms,and they change over time so characteristics that may be used for speciation are unstable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

All of the following pertain to virus envelopes except

Accepted Answer

A)  gained as a virus leaves the host cell membrane. 
B)  gained as a virus leaves the nuclear membrane. 
C)  contain special virus proteins. 
D)  help the virus particle attach to host cells. 
E)  located between the capsid and nucleic acid. 
A)  gained as a virus leaves the host cell membrane. 
B)  gained as a virus leaves the nuclear membrane. 
C)  contain special virus proteins. 
D)  help the virus particle attach to host cells. 
E)  located between the capsid and nucleic acid.

Question 9

When a virus enters a host cell,the viral genes redirect the genetic and metabolic activities of the host cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The primary purpose(s)of viral cultivation is/are to

Accepted Answer

A)  isolate and identify viruses in clinical specimens. 
B)  prepare viruses for vaccines. 
C)  do detailed research on viral structure, lifestyle, genetics, and effects on host cells. 
D)  perform wide-scale harvesting of viruses. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  isolate and identify viruses in clinical specimens. 
B)  prepare viruses for vaccines. 
C)  do detailed research on viral structure, lifestyle, genetics, and effects on host cells. 
D)  perform wide-scale harvesting of viruses. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 11

Viruses are used to produce vaccines for prevention of certain viral infections.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is a true statement regarding lysogeny?

Accepted Answer

A)  Once the phage genome is integrated into the host cell, it remains there permanently. 
B)  The host bacterial cell acquires new characteristics that are often detrimental to humans. 
C)  It halts the viral life cycle because the phage genes are no longer replicated. 
D)  The host bacterial cell is lysed once the phage genome is integrated. 
A)  Once the phage genome is integrated into the host cell, it remains there permanently. 
B)  The host bacterial cell acquires new characteristics that are often detrimental to humans. 
C)  It halts the viral life cycle because the phage genes are no longer replicated. 
D)  The host bacterial cell is lysed once the phage genome is integrated.

Question 13

Viruses attach to their hosts via ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  host glycoproteins 
B)  host phospholipids 
C)  viral phospholipids 
D)  viral flagella 
E)  carbohydrate attachments of the viral capsid 
A)  host glycoproteins 
B)  host phospholipids 
C)  viral phospholipids 
D)  viral flagella 
E)  carbohydrate attachments of the viral capsid

Question 14

In order to replicate within a host cell,a virus with a genome comprised of single-stranded positive-sense RNA

Accepted Answer

A)  must use its genomic strand as a template to make copies of negative-sense RNA for packaging. 
B)  must use its genomic strand as a template to make copies of positive-sense RNA for packaging. 
C) must first use its genomic strand as a template to make a negative-sense RNA, which then serves as a template to synthesize positive-sense RNA for packaging. 
D)  must first use its genomic strand as a template to make copies of DNA for packaging. 
A)  must use its genomic strand as a template to make copies of negative-sense RNA for packaging. 
B)  must use its genomic strand as a template to make copies of positive-sense RNA for packaging. 
C) must first use its genomic strand as a template to make a negative-sense RNA, which then serves as a template to synthesize positive-sense RNA for packaging. 
D)  must first use its genomic strand as a template to make copies of DNA for packaging.

Question 15

What structures are used by bacteriophages to attach to host cell receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viral sheaths 
B)  Tail fibers 
C)  Nucleic acids 
D)  Capsid heads 
A)  Viral sheaths 
B)  Tail fibers 
C)  Nucleic acids 
D)  Capsid heads

Question 16

Animal viruses have the ability to attach to and enter almost any animal host cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 6: An Introduction to the Viruses

A fully formed virus that can cause an infection in a host cell is called a virion.

Classification of viruses into families involves determining all the following characteristics except

Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shape of a viral ______.

Antiviral drugs are often difficult to develop,largely because

Viral spikes are inserted into the host cell membrane before budding or exocytosis.

Each virus is classified into a genus based on its host,target tissue,and type of disease it causes.

Using species names for viruses is controversial since viruses are not considered living organisms,and they change over time so characteristics that may be used for speciation are unstable.

All of the following pertain to virus envelopes except

When a virus enters a host cell,the viral genes redirect the genetic and metabolic activities of the host cell.

The primary purpose(s)of viral cultivation is/are to

Viruses are used to produce vaccines for prevention of certain viral infections.

Which of the following is a true statement regarding lysogeny?

Viruses attach to their hosts via ______.

In order to replicate within a host cell,a virus with a genome comprised of single-stranded positive-sense RNA

What structures are used by bacteriophages to attach to host cell receptors?

Animal viruses have the ability to attach to and enter almost any animal host cell.

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Antimicrobial Treatment

Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

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