Question 1

In DNA, most satellite sequences are found in

Accepted Answer

A) chromosome arms. 
B) telomeres. 
C) centromeres. 
D) spaces around the dark bands. 
A) chromosome arms. 
B) telomeres. 
C) centromeres. 
D) spaces around the dark bands. C

Question 2

One of the functions of a centromere is to contribute to proper chromosome segregation.The other function is to

Accepted Answer

A) hold sister chromatids together. 
B) ensure that proper chromosome arm length is maintained. 
C) allow easy karyotyping. 
D) develop meiotic chromosome replication. 
A) hold sister chromatids together. 
B) ensure that proper chromosome arm length is maintained. 
C) allow easy karyotyping. 
D) develop meiotic chromosome replication. A

Question 3

The 10,000 origins of replication in mammalian cells suggests that concerning origin of replication there is

Accepted Answer

A) at least one per loop of DNA. 
B) probably one every other loop of DNA 
C) a random distribution across the genome. 
D) a precise pattern of distribution relative to other replication points 
A) at least one per loop of DNA. 
B) probably one every other loop of DNA 
C) a random distribution across the genome. 
D) a precise pattern of distribution relative to other replication points A

Question 4

What is true about new nucleosome formation during DNA replciation?

Accepted Answer

A) Nucleosomes will be composed of different combinations of H3/H4 tetramers and H2A/H2B that are either newly synthesized or were from previous histone octamers. 
B) Nucleosomes will be composed of different combinations of H3/H2A tetramers and H4/H2B that are either newly synthesized or were from previous histone octamers. 
C) One DNA strand will have newly synhtesized octamers and the other will have previously synthesized octamers. 
D) Nucleosomes will be composed of different combinations of H2A/H2BH3/H4 tetramers that are either newly synthesized or were from previous histone octamers. 
A) Nucleosomes will be composed of different combinations of H3/H4 tetramers and H2A/H2B that are either newly synthesized or were from previous histone octamers. 
B) Nucleosomes will be composed of different combinations of H3/H2A tetramers and H4/H2B that are either newly synthesized or were from previous histone octamers. 
C) One DNA strand will have newly synhtesized octamers and the other will have previously synthesized octamers. 
D) Nucleosomes will be composed of different combinations of H2A/H2BH3/H4 tetramers that are either newly synthesized or were from previous histone octamers.

Question 5

Which of the following is not usually seen when a cell loses telomerase activity?

Accepted Answer

A) Telomeres shorten slightly with each cell division. 
B) After 30-50 divisions, cells show signs of senescence and then die. 
C) In the immune system, certain capacity for protection is gradually lost. 
D) Many normal somatic cells gain the ability to divide indefinitely. 
A) Telomeres shorten slightly with each cell division. 
B) After 30-50 divisions, cells show signs of senescence and then die. 
C) In the immune system, certain capacity for protection is gradually lost. 
D) Many normal somatic cells gain the ability to divide indefinitely.

Question 6

In yeast chromosomes, centromeres

Accepted Answer

A) help distinguish one chromosome from another. 
B) are closely related in sequence. 
C) are only 10-15 bp long. 
D) play various roles in chromosome segregation. 
A) help distinguish one chromosome from another. 
B) are closely related in sequence. 
C) are only 10-15 bp long. 
D) play various roles in chromosome segregation.

Question 7

During mitosis, kinetochores develop during

Accepted Answer

A) telophase. 
B) anaphase. 
C) metaphase. 
D) prophase. 
A) telophase. 
B) anaphase. 
C) metaphase. 
D) prophase.

Question 8

The two chromatids of each replicated chromosome must separate from one another and segregate during

Accepted Answer

A) mitosis. 
B) meiosis I. 
C) meiosis II. 
D) both mitosis and meiosis I. 
E) both mitosis and meiosis II. 
A) mitosis. 
B) meiosis I. 
C) meiosis II. 
D) both mitosis and meiosis I. 
E) both mitosis and meiosis II.

Question 9

By weight, chromatin consists roughly of

Accepted Answer

A) 1/3 DNA, 1/3 histones, and 1/3 nonhistones. 
B) 1/3 DNA and 2/3 acidic proteins. 
C) 1/3 DNA, 1/3 histones, and 1/3 basic proteins. 
D) 1/4 DNA, 1/4 RNA, 1/4 histones, and 1/4 nonhistones. 
A) 1/3 DNA, 1/3 histones, and 1/3 nonhistones. 
B) 1/3 DNA and 2/3 acidic proteins. 
C) 1/3 DNA, 1/3 histones, and 1/3 basic proteins. 
D) 1/4 DNA, 1/4 RNA, 1/4 histones, and 1/4 nonhistones.

Question 10

The total compaction of DNA as seen in metaphase chromosomes is approximately ______ fold.

Accepted Answer

A) 10,000 
B) 50,000 
C) 100,000 
D) 40 
A) 10,000 
B) 50,000 
C) 100,000 
D) 40

Question 11

Which of the following is a predicted consequence of kinetochores not achieving the correct level of tension from the mitotic spindle?

Accepted Answer

A) The chromosomes will dissociate from their centromeres 
B) All chromosomes will migrate to one pole instead of to two opposite poles 
C) Mitosis will not progress beyond metaphase 
D) No prediction can be made 
A) The chromosomes will dissociate from their centromeres 
B) All chromosomes will migrate to one pole instead of to two opposite poles 
C) Mitosis will not progress beyond metaphase 
D) No prediction can be made

Question 12

A yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) usually consists of

Accepted Answer

A) a yeast centromere. 
B) a yeast origin of replication. 
C) telomere sequences. 
D) suitable selectable markers. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) a yeast centromere. 
B) a yeast origin of replication. 
C) telomere sequences. 
D) suitable selectable markers. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 13

You are studying a histone complex that contains an unusually high level of modification with acetyl groups.What can you conclude about the DNA bound to this histone complex?

Accepted Answer

A) It contains actively transcribed genes. 
B) It is most likely heterochromatin. 
C) It is most likely telomeric. 
D) It is most likely derived from a condensed Barr body. 
A) It contains actively transcribed genes. 
B) It is most likely heterochromatin. 
C) It is most likely telomeric. 
D) It is most likely derived from a condensed Barr body.

Question 14

Which of the following predictions could you make about a cell in which the HP1 protein were disabled?

Accepted Answer

A) Methylation of DNA would increase. 
B) The entirely of the cell's chromosomes would be condensed into heterochromatin. 
C) Histone methyltransferase would bind to chromatin more easily. 
D) Heterochromatin would not be formed. 
A) Methylation of DNA would increase. 
B) The entirely of the cell's chromosomes would be condensed into heterochromatin. 
C) Histone methyltransferase would bind to chromatin more easily. 
D) Heterochromatin would not be formed.

Question 15

Histones and DNA have a strong attraction for each other because

Accepted Answer

A) DNA is positively charged and histones are negatively charged. 
B) both DNA and proteins are hydrophobic. 
C) DNA is negatively charged and histones are positively charged. 
D) like substances share common charges. 
A) DNA is positively charged and histones are negatively charged. 
B) both DNA and proteins are hydrophobic. 
C) DNA is negatively charged and histones are positively charged. 
D) like substances share common charges.

Question 16

In the position effect variegation of red and white eye color in Drosophila, eyes are produced

Accepted Answer

A) one red and one white. 
B) red or white depending on which gene is dominant. 
C) with every other eye facet red or white. 
D) with varying sizes and positions of red and white patches. 
A) one red and one white. 
B) red or white depending on which gene is dominant. 
C) with every other eye facet red or white. 
D) with varying sizes and positions of red and white patches.

Question 17

The components of a chromosome include one long DNA molecule and

Accepted Answer

A) phospholipids. 
B) proteins. 
C) carbohydrates. 
D) steroids. 
E) RNA. 
A) phospholipids. 
B) proteins. 
C) carbohydrates. 
D) steroids. 
E) RNA.

Question 18

When constructing a YAC, why must a large amount of random DNA be included?

Accepted Answer

A) The random DNA base pairs with DNA in the natural chromosomes of a cell. 
B) YACs that are too small do not segregate properly during mitosis and the random DNA is used as filler. 
C) The random DNA functions as telomeres. 
D) The random DNA contains origins of replication needed for maintenance of the YAC. 
E) The random DNA allows YACs to be used in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. 
A) The random DNA base pairs with DNA in the natural chromosomes of a cell. 
B) YACs that are too small do not segregate properly during mitosis and the random DNA is used as filler. 
C) The random DNA functions as telomeres. 
D) The random DNA contains origins of replication needed for maintenance of the YAC. 
E) The random DNA allows YACs to be used in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

Question 19

The single-celled yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was the organism of choice as raw material for constructing artificial chromosomes because of all the following except that

Accepted Answer

A) it is easy to manipulate. 
B) it is unicellular. 
C) its genetic machinery is similar to the one in higher organisms. 
D) its origins of replication have been defined as discrete, small segments of DNA. 
A) it is easy to manipulate. 
B) it is unicellular. 
C) its genetic machinery is similar to the one in higher organisms. 
D) its origins of replication have been defined as discrete, small segments of DNA.

Question 20

In DNA, the 300Å fiber is formed into structural loops.Responsibility for this function appears to lie with

Accepted Answer

A) histone H4. 
B) nucleosomase. 
C) histone H1. 
D) certain nonhistone proteins. 
A) histone H4. 
B) nucleosomase. 
C) histone H1. 
D) certain nonhistone proteins.

Exam 11: The Eukaryotic Chromosome

In DNA, most satellite sequences are found in

One of the functions of a centromere is to contribute to proper chromosome segregation.The other function is to

The 10,000 origins of replication in mammalian cells suggests that concerning origin of replication there is

What is true about new nucleosome formation during DNA replciation?

Which of the following is not usually seen when a cell loses telomerase activity?

In yeast chromosomes, centromeres

During mitosis, kinetochores develop during

The two chromatids of each replicated chromosome must separate from one another and segregate during

By weight, chromatin consists roughly of

The total compaction of DNA as seen in metaphase chromosomes is approximately ______ fold.

Which of the following is a predicted consequence of kinetochores not achieving the correct level of tension from the mitotic spindle?

A yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) usually consists of

You are studying a histone complex that contains an unusually high level of modification with acetyl groups.What can you conclude about the DNA bound to this histone complex?

Which of the following predictions could you make about a cell in which the HP1 protein were disabled?

Histones and DNA have a strong attraction for each other because

In the position effect variegation of red and white eye color in Drosophila, eyes are produced

The components of a chromosome include one long DNA molecule and

When constructing a YAC, why must a large amount of random DNA be included?

The single-celled yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was the organism of choice as raw material for constructing artificial chromosomes because of all the following except that

In DNA, the 300Å fiber is formed into structural loops.Responsibility for this function appears to lie with

Genetics: The Study of Biological Information

Mendels Principles of Heredity

Extensions to Mendels Laws

The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

Linkage, Recombination, and the Mapping of Genes on Chromosomes

DNA Structure, Replication, and Recombination

Anatomy and Function of a Gene: Dissection Through Mutation

Gene Expression: The Flow of Information From DNA to RNA to Protein

Digital Analysis of Genomes

Analyzing Genomic Information

Chromosomal Rearrangements and Changes in Chromosome Number

Bacterial Genetics

Organellar Inheritance

Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes

Manipulating the Genomes of Eukaryotes

The Genetic Analysis of Development

The Genetics of Cancer

Variation and Selection in Populations

Genetics of Complex Traits

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