Question 1

What is one impediment to regeneration of axons in the mammalian central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inhibitory chemicals secreted by the damaged portion of the axon 
B)  Bacterial infections caused by the decaying tissue 
C)  Large amounts of scar tissue 
D)  Inhibitory messages sent from the cell nucleus when an axon is damaged 
A)  Inhibitory chemicals secreted by the damaged portion of the axon 
B)  Bacterial infections caused by the decaying tissue 
C)  Large amounts of scar tissue 
D)  Inhibitory messages sent from the cell nucleus when an axon is damaged

Question 2

What is meant by neural Darwinism?

Accepted Answer

A)  The brains of higher primates are the ones that are most similar to those of humans. 
B)  Most individual differences in the brain are due to genetic mutations. 
C)  Successful neurons develop while less successful neurons weaken or die. 
D)  Successful neurons reproduce while less successful neurons do not. 
A)  The brains of higher primates are the ones that are most similar to those of humans. 
B)  Most individual differences in the brain are due to genetic mutations. 
C)  Successful neurons develop while less successful neurons weaken or die. 
D)  Successful neurons reproduce while less successful neurons do not.

Question 3

Which of the following aspects of brain and neural functioning can be most clearly altered by experience?

Accepted Answer

A)  velocity of action potentials 
B)  structure of dendrites and axons 
C)  chemical constituents of the ventricles 
D)  number of laminae in the cerebral cortex 
A)  velocity of action potentials 
B)  structure of dendrites and axons 
C)  chemical constituents of the ventricles 
D)  number of laminae in the cerebral cortex

Question 4

What is signaled by nerve growth factor (NGF)?

Accepted Answer

A)  That a target cell has "accepted" an axon 
B)  Which target cell a growing axon should connect with 
C)  That axons should elongate as the body grows bigger 
D)  The need for new neurons to form in brain areas that are lacking in neurons 
A)  That a target cell has "accepted" an axon 
B)  Which target cell a growing axon should connect with 
C)  That axons should elongate as the body grows bigger 
D)  The need for new neurons to form in brain areas that are lacking in neurons

Question 5

Which of the following would most likely interfere with migration of neurons during development?

Accepted Answer

A)  altering the chemical paths 
B)  damaging dendrites 
C)  loss of myelin 
D)  increased differentiation 
A)  altering the chemical paths 
B)  damaging dendrites 
C)  loss of myelin 
D)  increased differentiation

Question 6

After cells have differentiated as neurons or glia, they migrate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

If a person suffered injury to the right motor cortex that resulted in paralysis of the left arm and later showed some evidence of recovery of function, which of the following would be a likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Using the right arm more strengthened the left arm. 
B)  The left motor cortex strengthened its control over the left arm. 
C)  New neurons grew in place of the damaged ones. 
D)  The left arm was deafferented. 
A)  Using the right arm more strengthened the left arm. 
B)  The left motor cortex strengthened its control over the left arm. 
C)  New neurons grew in place of the damaged ones. 
D)  The left arm was deafferented.

Question 8

What visual capabilities did Sperry's newt have after Sperry cut the optic nerve and rotated the eye?

Accepted Answer

A)  It regained normal vision. 
B)  It saw the world upside down and backwards. 
C)  It required experience to relearn how to see. 
D)  It remained blind. 
A)  It regained normal vision. 
B)  It saw the world upside down and backwards. 
C)  It required experience to relearn how to see. 
D)  It remained blind.

Question 9

The fluid-filled cavity within the neural tube becomes the central canal of the spinal cord and the four ventricles of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Exercise may account for some of the neural benefits that come from rearing rats in an enriched environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Following a stroke, amphetamine could help by:

Accepted Answer

A)  inducing apoptosis. 
B)  blocking activity in overstimulated areas of the brain. 
C)  blocking glutamate release. 
D)  increasing activity in understimulated areas of the brain. 
A)  inducing apoptosis. 
B)  blocking activity in overstimulated areas of the brain. 
C)  blocking glutamate release. 
D)  increasing activity in understimulated areas of the brain.

Question 12

Who is most likely to assess the abilities of someone who has recently had brain damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurosurgeon 
B)  Physical therapist 
C)  Occupational therapist 
D)  Neuropsychologist 
A)  Neurosurgeon 
B)  Physical therapist 
C)  Occupational therapist 
D)  Neuropsychologist

Question 13

An iodine deficiency in the diet can lead to an inadequate production of thyroid hormones. What is the result if this occurs in an infant or developing fetus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Down's syndrome 
B)  mental retardation 
C)  Tourette's syndrome 
D)  accelerated body growth 
A)  Down's syndrome 
B)  mental retardation 
C)  Tourette's syndrome 
D)  accelerated body growth

Question 14

The developing infant brain is highly resistant to damage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The formation of a neuron's distinctive shape occurs during the ____ stage of neurogenesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  proliferation 
B)  migration 
C)  differentiation 
D)  myelination 
A)  proliferation 
B)  migration 
C)  differentiation 
D)  myelination

Question 16

____ helps compensate for decreased axon input.

Accepted Answer

A)  Axon supersensitivity 
B)  Disuse supersensitivity 
C)  Enervation supersensitivity 
D)  Denervation supersensitivity 
A)  Axon supersensitivity 
B)  Disuse supersensitivity 
C)  Enervation supersensitivity 
D)  Denervation supersensitivity

Question 17

Define proliferation during neural development.

Accepted Answer

This is the production of new cells. Ear

Question 18

Nerve growth factor is a chemical that promotes the survival and activity of neurons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following is not a cerebrovascular accident?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ischemia 
B)  Hemorrhage 
C)  Stroke 
D)  Penumbra 
A)  Ischemia 
B)  Hemorrhage 
C)  Stroke 
D)  Penumbra

Question 20

Apoptosis is distinct from necrosis, which is death caused by an injury or a toxic substance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

What is one impediment to regeneration of axons in the mammalian central nervous system?

What is meant by neural Darwinism?

Which of the following aspects of brain and neural functioning can be most clearly altered by experience?

What is signaled by nerve growth factor (NGF)?

Which of the following would most likely interfere with migration of neurons during development?

After cells have differentiated as neurons or glia, they migrate.

If a person suffered injury to the right motor cortex that resulted in paralysis of the left arm and later showed some evidence of recovery of function, which of the following would be a likely explanation?

What visual capabilities did Sperry's newt have after Sperry cut the optic nerve and rotated the eye?

The fluid-filled cavity within the neural tube becomes the central canal of the spinal cord and the four ventricles of the brain.

Exercise may account for some of the neural benefits that come from rearing rats in an enriched environment.

Following a stroke, amphetamine could help by:

Who is most likely to assess the abilities of someone who has recently had brain damage?

An iodine deficiency in the diet can lead to an inadequate production of thyroid hormones. What is the result if this occurs in an infant or developing fetus?

The developing infant brain is highly resistant to damage.

The formation of a neuron's distinctive shape occurs during the ____ stage of neurogenesis.

____ helps compensate for decreased axon input.

Define proliferation during neural development.

Nerve growth factor is a chemical that promotes the survival and activity of neurons.

Which of the following is not a cerebrovascular accident?

Apoptosis is distinct from necrosis, which is death caused by an injury or a toxic substance.

The Major Issues

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy of the Nervous System

Vision

The Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Filters

Exam 5: Development and Plasticity of the Brain

What is one impediment to regeneration of axons in the mammalian central nervous system?

What is meant by neural Darwinism?

Which of the following aspects of brain and neural functioning can be most clearly altered by experience?

What is signaled by nerve growth factor (NGF)?

Which of the following would most likely interfere with migration of neurons during development?

After cells have differentiated as neurons or glia, they migrate.

If a person suffered injury to the right motor cortex that resulted in paralysis of the left arm and later showed some evidence of recovery of function, which of the following would be a likely explanation?

What visual capabilities did Sperry's newt have after Sperry cut the optic nerve and rotated the eye?

The fluid-filled cavity within the neural tube becomes the central canal of the spinal cord and the four ventricles of the brain.

Exercise may account for some of the neural benefits that come from rearing rats in an enriched environment.

Following a stroke, amphetamine could help by:

Who is most likely to assess the abilities of someone who has recently had brain damage?

An iodine deficiency in the diet can lead to an inadequate production of thyroid hormones. What is the result if this occurs in an infant or developing fetus?

The developing infant brain is highly resistant to damage.

The formation of a neuron's distinctive shape occurs during the ____ stage of neurogenesis.

____ helps compensate for decreased axon input.

Define proliferation during neural development.

Nerve growth factor is a chemical that promotes the survival and activity of neurons.

Which of the following is not a cerebrovascular accident?

Apoptosis is distinct from necrosis, which is death caused by an injury or a toxic substance.

The Major Issues

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy of the Nervous System

Vision

The Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Filters