Question 1

The analysis of microbial strains as evidence in criminal investigations is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  forensic microbiology 
B)  recombinant DNA 
C)  comparative genomics 
D)  classification 
E)  gene regulation 
A)  forensic microbiology 
B)  recombinant DNA 
C)  comparative genomics 
D)  classification 
E)  gene regulation

Question 2

The development of the theory of the "RNA world" resulted from the discovery of:

Accepted Answer

A)  archaea 
B)  prions 
C)  bacteria 
D)  ribozymes 
E)  endosymbionts 
A)  archaea 
B)  prions 
C)  bacteria 
D)  ribozymes 
E)  endosymbionts

Question 3

The first person to visualize individual microbes was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Antoni van Leeuwenhoek 
B)  Robert Hooke 
C)  Louis Pasteur 
D)  Lady Montagu 
E)  Edward Jenner 
A)  Antoni van Leeuwenhoek 
B)  Robert Hooke 
C)  Louis Pasteur 
D)  Lady Montagu 
E)  Edward Jenner

Question 4

The first genomes to be sequenced were those of:

Accepted Answer

A)  humans 
B)  bacteria 
C)  viruses 
D)  prions 
E)  fungi 
A)  humans 
B)  bacteria 
C)  viruses 
D)  prions 
E)  fungi

Question 5

What type of gas do cyanobacteria produce for planet Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen 
B)  hydrogen 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  carbon dioxide 
E)  water vapor 
A)  oxygen 
B)  hydrogen 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  carbon dioxide 
E)  water vapor

Question 6

The study of and cause of disease in humans, animals, and plants is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  microbiology 
B)  phylogeny 
C)  genomics 
D)  epidemiology 
E)  forensics 
A)  microbiology 
B)  phylogeny 
C)  genomics 
D)  epidemiology 
E)  forensics

Question 7

Taq polymerase formed the basis of a multibillion-dollar industry of:

Accepted Answer

A)  comparative genomics 
B)  recombinant DNA 
C)  X-ray diffraction 
D)  DNA amplification 
E)  DNA sequencing 
A)  comparative genomics 
B)  recombinant DNA 
C)  X-ray diffraction 
D)  DNA amplification 
E)  DNA sequencing

Question 8

Which of these groups are considered to be microbes but NOT considered to be cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  viruses 
B)  bacteria 
C)  archaea 
D)  protists 
E)  prions 
A)  viruses 
B)  bacteria 
C)  archaea 
D)  protists 
E)  prions

Question 9

Who developed the concept of medical statistics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Francis Crick 
B)  Florence Nightingale 
C)  Edward Jenner 
D)  Louis Pasteur 
E)  Alexander Fleming 
A)  Francis Crick 
B)  Florence Nightingale 
C)  Edward Jenner 
D)  Louis Pasteur 
E)  Alexander Fleming

Question 10

What is the basis for the modern smallpox vaccine?

Accepted Answer

A)  chickenpox virus 
B)  cowpox virus 
C)  rabies virus 
D)  smallpox virus 
E)  anthrax 
A)  chickenpox virus 
B)  cowpox virus 
C)  rabies virus 
D)  smallpox virus 
E)  anthrax

Question 11

How is most sterilization performed for the controlled study of microbes?

Accepted Answer

A)  boiling 
B)  pasteurization 
C)  filter sterilization 
D)  autoclaving 
E)  irradiation 
A)  boiling 
B)  pasteurization 
C)  filter sterilization 
D)  autoclaving 
E)  irradiation

Question 12

The Asilomar Conference was held to regulate and restrict the field of:

Accepted Answer

A)  recombinant DNA 
B)  comparative genomics 
C)  DNA sequencing 
D)  DNA amplification 
E)  forensic microbiology 
A)  recombinant DNA 
B)  comparative genomics 
C)  DNA sequencing 
D)  DNA amplification 
E)  forensic microbiology

Question 13

Describe the discoveries of Louis Pasteur while working with the French beer and wine manufacturers.

Accepted Answer

Previously, it was believed that the con

Question 14

Which microbes may resemble those of the earliest life forms?

Accepted Answer

A)  archaea 
B)  photosynthetic microbes 
C)  viruses 
D)  cyanobacteria 
E)  protists 
A)  archaea 
B)  photosynthetic microbes 
C)  viruses 
D)  cyanobacteria 
E)  protists

Question 15

The use of agar as the gelling agent in solid media was suggested by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Robert Koch 
B)  Ignaz Semmelweis 
C)  Angelina Hesse 
D)  Louis Pasteur 
E)  Richard Petri 
A)  Robert Koch 
B)  Ignaz Semmelweis 
C)  Angelina Hesse 
D)  Louis Pasteur 
E)  Richard Petri

Question 16

How did Sergei Winogradsky grow lithotrophs?

Accepted Answer

A)  enrichment culture 
B)  aseptic technique 
C)  pure culture 
D)  endosymbiosis 
E)  chain of infection 
A)  enrichment culture 
B)  aseptic technique 
C)  pure culture 
D)  endosymbiosis 
E)  chain of infection

Question 17

Which of the following does NOT contain DNA or RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  prokaryote 
B)  eukaryote 
C)  virus 
D)  viroid 
E)  prion 
A)  prokaryote 
B)  eukaryote 
C)  virus 
D)  viroid 
E)  prion

Question 18

What percentage of microbes in our biosphere can be cultured in the laboratory?

Accepted Answer

A)  less than 1% 
B)  approximately 10% 
C)  approximately 25% 
D)  approximately 50% 
E)  more than 90% 
A)  less than 1% 
B)  approximately 10% 
C)  approximately 25% 
D)  approximately 50% 
E)  more than 90%

Question 19

Explain why the organisms that were studied by Sergei Winogradsky could not be grown on Robert Koch's plate media containing agar or gelatin.

Accepted Answer

The organisms studied by Winog

Question 20

Which technique was developed to distinguish bacteria from human cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gram stain 
B)  electron microscopy 
C)  X-ray diffraction 
D)  DNA sequencing 
E)  PCR 
A)  Gram stain 
B)  electron microscopy 
C)  X-ray diffraction 
D)  DNA sequencing 
E)  PCR

Exam 1: Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

The analysis of microbial strains as evidence in criminal investigations is known as:

The development of the theory of the "RNA world" resulted from the discovery of:

The first person to visualize individual microbes was:

The first genomes to be sequenced were those of:

What type of gas do cyanobacteria produce for planet Earth?

The study of and cause of disease in humans, animals, and plants is called:

Taq polymerase formed the basis of a multibillion-dollar industry of:

Which of these groups are considered to be microbes but NOT considered to be cells?

Who developed the concept of medical statistics?

What is the basis for the modern smallpox vaccine?

How is most sterilization performed for the controlled study of microbes?

The Asilomar Conference was held to regulate and restrict the field of:

Describe the discoveries of Louis Pasteur while working with the French beer and wine manufacturers.

Which microbes may resemble those of the earliest life forms?

The use of agar as the gelling agent in solid media was suggested by:

How did Sergei Winogradsky grow lithotrophs?

Which of the following does NOT contain DNA or RNA?

What percentage of microbes in our biosphere can be cultured in the laboratory?

Explain why the organisms that were studied by Sergei Winogradsky could not be grown on Robert Koch's plate media containing agar or gelatin.

Which technique was developed to distinguish bacteria from human cells?

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Virus Structure and Function

Genomes and Chromosomes

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Molecular Techniques and Biotechnology

Energetics and Catabolism

Respiration, Lithotrophy, and Photolysis

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Origins and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Microbes and the Global Environment

Human Microbiota and Nonspecific Host Defenses

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

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