Question 1

Cell proliferation in culture is normally limited by

Accepted Answer

A) cytophagy. 
B) quorum sensing. 
C) contact inhibition. 
D) competition. 
E) nutrient limitation. 
A) cytophagy. 
B) quorum sensing. 
C) contact inhibition. 
D) competition. 
E) nutrient limitation. C

Question 2

The Bcl-2 gene product in its normal form can be activated to prevent cells from undergoing apoptosis (programmed cell death)in specific circumstances.It is a carefully regulated gene,being "turned on" only under specific circumstances.A null mutation in Bcl-2 leads to excessive cell loss.Some Bcl-2 mutation can cause a "gain of function" in which the protein is active all the time.
a.In the terms used in this chapter,what would the normal version be called?
b.What would the gain-of-function mutation be called?
c.How would you expect the gain-of-function mutation to be involved in cancer?

Accepted Answer

(a)A proto-oncogene. (b)An oncogene. (c)The gain-of-function mutation could cause abnormal cells to fail to commit suicide when their genome has been irreparably damaged.As a result,these cells could mutate into cancer cells.

Question 3

Apoptosis is

Accepted Answer

A) rapid cell division. 
B) caused by proto-oncogenes. 
C) the change in shape of a cell when it becomes cancerous. 
D) programmed cell death. 
E) None of these 
A) rapid cell division. 
B) caused by proto-oncogenes. 
C) the change in shape of a cell when it becomes cancerous. 
D) programmed cell death. 
E) None of these D

Question 4

Wild-type mutator genes produce substances that induce point mutations and chromosomal rearrangements.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Hereditary retinoblastoma is an autosomal dominant hereditary cancer.Cells from retinal tumors in a child who has this disease possess

Accepted Answer

A) evidence of non-disjunction in all autosomes. 
B) one non-functional copy of the retinoblastoma gene. 
C) two non-functional copies of the retinoblastoma gene. 
D) trisomy for the retinblastoma gene. 
E) a dominant mutation in the retinoblastoma gene. 
A) evidence of non-disjunction in all autosomes. 
B) one non-functional copy of the retinoblastoma gene. 
C) two non-functional copies of the retinoblastoma gene. 
D) trisomy for the retinblastoma gene. 
E) a dominant mutation in the retinoblastoma gene.

Question 6

What kinds of cancers might eventually be treated with RNAi,which you learned about in

Accepted Answer

siRNAs can be engineered to silence or d

Question 7

Ionizing radiation is emitted at low levels by many natural objects,including some rocks and gases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is metastasis,and why is metastatic cancer the most difficult cancer to treat?

Accepted Answer

Metastasis is the spreading of cancerous

Question 9

Terminally differentiated cells are noncancerous,normal cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Some carcinogens act on the genome directly,while others are converted to mutagenic substances by the cells's enzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In normal cells,p53 protein acts as

Accepted Answer

A) a signal transducer. 
B) a tumor suppressor. 
C) a proto-oncogene activator. 
D) a GTPase inhibitor. 
E) None of these 
A) a signal transducer. 
B) a tumor suppressor. 
C) a proto-oncogene activator. 
D) a GTPase inhibitor. 
E) None of these

Question 12

Mutations in a normal growth-stimulating gene are most likely to have no effect or to cause

Accepted Answer

A) the loss of responsiveness to growth stimulation in the cell with the mutant gene. 
B) the cell with the mutant gene to become cancerous. 
C) excessive growth in the cells surrounding the one with the mutant gene. 
D) a mutator effect in the cell with the mutant gene. 
E) apoptosis of the cell with the mutant gene. 
A) the loss of responsiveness to growth stimulation in the cell with the mutant gene. 
B) the cell with the mutant gene to become cancerous. 
C) excessive growth in the cells surrounding the one with the mutant gene. 
D) a mutator effect in the cell with the mutant gene. 
E) apoptosis of the cell with the mutant gene.

Question 13

Cancer is best defined as

Accepted Answer

A) immune dysfunction. 
B) uncontrolled and abnormal cell division. 
C) viral malignancy. 
D) regulated differentiation of tissue. 
E) cellular deregulation. 
A) immune dysfunction. 
B) uncontrolled and abnormal cell division. 
C) viral malignancy. 
D) regulated differentiation of tissue. 
E) cellular deregulation.

Question 14

At the molecular level,what exactly are the mutagenic effects of UVA and UVB radiation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of At the molecular level,what exactly are the...

Question 15

Which of the following statements is not true?

Accepted Answer

A) Certain types of virus can cause cancer. 
B) Melanomas are commonly caused by ionizing radiation. 
C) Neoplasia is another term for cancerous cells. 
D) About half the people with cancer have a mutation in a p53 gene. 
E) Most cancers are hereditary. 
A) Certain types of virus can cause cancer. 
B) Melanomas are commonly caused by ionizing radiation. 
C) Neoplasia is another term for cancerous cells. 
D) About half the people with cancer have a mutation in a p53 gene. 
E) Most cancers are hereditary.

Question 16

Protein kinases are enzymes that normally catalyze the

Accepted Answer

A) degradation of cellular proteins. 
B) phosphorylation of cellular proteins. 
C) formation of peptide bonds in proteins. 
D) phosphorylation of ADP. 
E) synthesis of kinins. 
A) degradation of cellular proteins. 
B) phosphorylation of cellular proteins. 
C) formation of peptide bonds in proteins. 
D) phosphorylation of ADP. 
E) synthesis of kinins.

Question 17

Agents that can induce cancer through mutagenesis are called

Accepted Answer

A) destabilizers. 
B) cancerogens. 
C) mutagens. 
D) carcinogens. 
E) None of these 
A) destabilizers. 
B) cancerogens. 
C) mutagens. 
D) carcinogens. 
E) None of these

Question 18

The products of tumor suppressor genes stimulate cell proliferation,while the products of proto-oncogenes inhibit cell proliferation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The nucleic acid of retroviral provirus is composed of RNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Match between columns
                        Premises: Proto-oncogenes
Cyclins
CDK
Oncogenes
Tumor suppressors

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Normal growth-promoting genes and Are made and is...

Exam 20: Genetics of Cancer

Cell proliferation in culture is normally limited by

Apoptosis is

Wild-type mutator genes produce substances that induce point mutations and chromosomal rearrangements.

Hereditary retinoblastoma is an autosomal dominant hereditary cancer.Cells from retinal tumors in a child who has this disease possess

What kinds of cancers might eventually be treated with RNAi,which you learned about in

Ionizing radiation is emitted at low levels by many natural objects,including some rocks and gases.

What is metastasis,and why is metastatic cancer the most difficult cancer to treat?

Terminally differentiated cells are noncancerous,normal cells.

Some carcinogens act on the genome directly,while others are converted to mutagenic substances by the cells's enzymes.

In normal cells,p53 protein acts as

Mutations in a normal growth-stimulating gene are most likely to have no effect or to cause

Cancer is best defined as

At the molecular level,what exactly are the mutagenic effects of UVA and UVB radiation?

Which of the following statements is not true?

Protein kinases are enzymes that normally catalyze the

Agents that can induce cancer through mutagenesis are called

The products of tumor suppressor genes stimulate cell proliferation,while the products of proto-oncogenes inhibit cell proliferation.

The nucleic acid of retroviral provirus is composed of RNA.

Genetics: An Introduction

DNA: The Genetic Material

DNA Replication

Gene Function

Gene Expression: Transcription

Gene Expression: Translation

Dna Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposable Elements

Genomics: The Mapping and Sequencing of Genomes

Functional and Comparative Genomics

Recombinant DNA Technology

Mendelian Genetics

Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

Extensions of and Deviations From Mendelian Genetic Principles

Genetic Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetics of Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Variations in Chromosome Structure and Number

Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Genetic Analysis of Development

Population Genetics

Quantitative Genetics

Molecular Evolution

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