Question 1

Organisms that use CO2 as their source of carbon are called

Accepted Answer

A)  organotrophs. 
B)  heterotrophs. 
C)  autotrophs. 
D)  chemotrophs. 
A)  organotrophs. 
B)  heterotrophs. 
C)  autotrophs. 
D)  chemotrophs. C

Question 2

Prokaryotes are the only organisms able to use atmospheric nitrogen as a nitrogen source.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

A hot tub (approx. 104 deg. F or 40 deg. C) would most likely contain

Accepted Answer

A)  psychrophiles. 
B)  partiers. 
C)  thermophiles. 
D)  mesophiles. 
A)  psychrophiles. 
B)  partiers. 
C)  thermophiles. 
D)  mesophiles. D

Question 4

The scientist that contributed most to the development of pure culture techniques was

Accepted Answer

A)  Alexander Fleming. 
B)  Louis Pasteur. 
C)  Edward Jenner. 
D)  Robert Koch. 
A)  Alexander Fleming. 
B)  Louis Pasteur. 
C)  Edward Jenner. 
D)  Robert Koch.

Question 5

Prokaryotic cells divide by a process known as

Accepted Answer

A)  conjugation. 
B)  mitosis. 
C)  binary fusion. 
D)  binary fission. 
A)  conjugation. 
B)  mitosis. 
C)  binary fusion. 
D)  binary fission.

Question 6

Candle jars are usually used to

Accepted Answer

A)  store candles. 
B)  provide an atmosphere with CO2. 
C)  stimulate the growth of obligate anaerobes. 
D)  prevent the growth of obligate aerobes. 
E)  provide an atmosphere with CO2 AND stimulate the growth of obligate anaerobes. 
A)  store candles. 
B)  provide an atmosphere with CO2. 
C)  stimulate the growth of obligate anaerobes. 
D)  prevent the growth of obligate aerobes. 
E)  provide an atmosphere with CO2 AND stimulate the growth of obligate anaerobes.

Question 7

Organisms that use organic molecules as their source of carbon are called

Accepted Answer

A)  chemotrophs. 
B)  organoheterotrophs. 
C)  heterotrophs. 
D)  autotrophs. 
A)  chemotrophs. 
B)  organoheterotrophs. 
C)  heterotrophs. 
D)  autotrophs.

Question 8

The solidifying agent used most successfully in bacterial nutrient media is

Accepted Answer

A)  gelatin. 
B)  peptone. 
C)  agar. 
D)  starch. 
A)  gelatin. 
B)  peptone. 
C)  agar. 
D)  starch.

Question 9

The simplest technique for isolating bacteria in growth media is referred to as the

Accepted Answer

A)  pour plate method. 
B)  streak plate method. 
C)  serial dilution method. 
D)  MPN method. 
A)  pour plate method. 
B)  streak plate method. 
C)  serial dilution method. 
D)  MPN method.

Question 10

The lag phase of the bacterial growth curve is marked by

Accepted Answer

A)  a decrease in cell mass. 
B)  dormant, metabolically inactive cells. 
C)  metabolically active cells. 
D)  vigorously dividing cells. 
A)  a decrease in cell mass. 
B)  dormant, metabolically inactive cells. 
C)  metabolically active cells. 
D)  vigorously dividing cells.

Question 11

In nature, bacteria

Accepted Answer

A)  often grow in close association with many other kinds of organisms. 
B)  may remain in a prolonged exponential phase. 
C)  frequently synthesize structures such as slime layers. 
D)  may adhere to surfaces by means of pili and slime layers. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  often grow in close association with many other kinds of organisms. 
B)  may remain in a prolonged exponential phase. 
C)  frequently synthesize structures such as slime layers. 
D)  may adhere to surfaces by means of pili and slime layers. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 12

Shake tubes are used to determine the

Accepted Answer

A)  pH requirements for bacterial growth. 
B)  temperature requirements for bacterial growth. 
C)  oxygen requirements for bacterial growth. 
D)  salt requirements for bacterial growth. 
A)  pH requirements for bacterial growth. 
B)  temperature requirements for bacterial growth. 
C)  oxygen requirements for bacterial growth. 
D)  salt requirements for bacterial growth.

Question 13

Organisms may derive energy from

Accepted Answer

A)  sunlight. 
B)  metabolizing chemical compounds. 
C)  little tiny AAAAAAAAA batteries. 
D)  temperature gradients. 
E)  sunlight AND metabolizing chemical compounds. 
A)  sunlight. 
B)  metabolizing chemical compounds. 
C)  little tiny AAAAAAAAA batteries. 
D)  temperature gradients. 
E)  sunlight AND metabolizing chemical compounds.

Question 14

A urine sample with more than 100,000 organisms is considered indicative of infection. A urine sample containing 5,000 bacteria, with a generation time of 30 minutes, sits for 3 hours before finally being assayed. How many bacteria will then be present within the sample?

Accepted Answer

A)  10,000 
B)  64,000 
C)  100,000 
D)  320,000 
A)  10,000 
B)  64,000 
C)  100,000 
D)  320,000

Question 15

When doing experiments with bacteria

Accepted Answer

A)  it is usually not necessary to standardize which stage of growth is used. 
B)  it is best to use colonies as all the bacteria in a colony are at the same stage of growth. 
C)  it is best to use bacteria from the same stage of growth. 
D)  the age of the bacteria is not important. 
A)  it is usually not necessary to standardize which stage of growth is used. 
B)  it is best to use colonies as all the bacteria in a colony are at the same stage of growth. 
C)  it is best to use bacteria from the same stage of growth. 
D)  the age of the bacteria is not important.

Question 16

Differential media only allows certain bacteria to grow.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Chemoheterotrophs

Accepted Answer

A)  use sunlight as an energy source. 
B)  use pre-formed organic molecules as a carbon source. 
C)  use pre-formed organic molecules as an energy source. 
D)  use inorganic chemicals as an energy source. 
E)  use pre-formed organic molecules as a carbon source AND as an energy source. 
A)  use sunlight as an energy source. 
B)  use pre-formed organic molecules as a carbon source. 
C)  use pre-formed organic molecules as an energy source. 
D)  use inorganic chemicals as an energy source. 
E)  use pre-formed organic molecules as a carbon source AND as an energy source.

Question 18

In the cultivation of microaerophilic and anaerobic bacteria,

Accepted Answer

A)  a(n) candle/anaerobe jar is sufficient. 
B)  atmospheric oxygen in a(n) candle/anaerobe jar is converted to water. 
C)  a catalyst is used that makes hydrogen and carbon dioxide in a(n) candle/anaerobe jar. 
D)  oxidizing agents are incorporated into the media that react with oxygen. 
A)  a(n) candle/anaerobe jar is sufficient. 
B)  atmospheric oxygen in a(n) candle/anaerobe jar is converted to water. 
C)  a catalyst is used that makes hydrogen and carbon dioxide in a(n) candle/anaerobe jar. 
D)  oxidizing agents are incorporated into the media that react with oxygen.

Question 19

A physician sends a stool sample to your lab, and wants to know if there are lactose fermenting microbes in the sample. How might you determine if these microbes are present or not from this mixed-microbe specimen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Streak the sample for isolation on Thayer-Martin agar (which contains lactose and particular antibiotics for selectivity). 
B)  Streak the sample for isolation on a blood agar plate (which contains lactose AND red blood cells that enrich the culture for iron). 
C)  Streak the sample for isolation on a MacConkey agar plate (which contains lactose and a pH indicator that turns pink when acid byproducts are present). 
D)  None of the above would work-there's no way to reliably determine this feature from the specimen given. 
A)  Streak the sample for isolation on Thayer-Martin agar (which contains lactose and particular antibiotics for selectivity). 
B)  Streak the sample for isolation on a blood agar plate (which contains lactose AND red blood cells that enrich the culture for iron). 
C)  Streak the sample for isolation on a MacConkey agar plate (which contains lactose and a pH indicator that turns pink when acid byproducts are present). 
D)  None of the above would work-there's no way to reliably determine this feature from the specimen given.

Question 20

It is assumed that every colony observed on a streak plate arose from a single bacterium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Dynamics of Prokaryotic Growth

Organisms that use CO2 as their source of carbon are called

Prokaryotes are the only organisms able to use atmospheric nitrogen as a nitrogen source.

A hot tub (approx. 104 deg. F or 40 deg. C) would most likely contain

The scientist that contributed most to the development of pure culture techniques was

Prokaryotic cells divide by a process known as

Candle jars are usually used to

Organisms that use organic molecules as their source of carbon are called

The solidifying agent used most successfully in bacterial nutrient media is

The simplest technique for isolating bacteria in growth media is referred to as the

The lag phase of the bacterial growth curve is marked by

In nature, bacteria

Shake tubes are used to determine the

Organisms may derive energy from

A urine sample with more than 100,000 organisms is considered indicative of infection. A urine sample containing 5,000 bacteria, with a generation time of 30 minutes, sits for 3 hours before finally being assayed. How many bacteria will then be present within the sample?

When doing experiments with bacteria

Differential media only allows certain bacteria to grow.

Chemoheterotrophs

In the cultivation of microaerophilic and anaerobic bacteria,

A physician sends a stool sample to your lab, and wants to know if there are lactose fermenting microbes in the sample. How might you determine if these microbes are present or not from this mixed-microbe specimen?

It is assumed that every colony observed on a streak plate arose from a single bacterium.

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Control of Microbial Growth

Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From Dna to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

Identification and Classification of Prokaryotes

The Diversity of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunologic Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Genitourinary Infections

Nervous System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Hiv Disease and Complications of Immunodeficiency

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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Organisms that use CO₂ as their source of carbon are called