Question 1

There can be no confounding by individual differences variables in the repeated measures designs because

Accepted Answer

A) the same participants are tested in all conditions of repeated measures designs. 
B) individual differences variables are held constant in repeated measures designs. 
C) individual differences variables are eliminated in repeated measures designs. 
D) only one participant is tested in all repeated measures designs. 
A) the same participants are tested in all conditions of repeated measures designs. 
B) individual differences variables are held constant in repeated measures designs. 
C) individual differences variables are eliminated in repeated measures designs. 
D) only one participant is tested in all repeated measures designs.

Question 2

Repeated measures designs are more sensitive than random groups designs because the systematic variation due to individual differences is _________ the statistical analyses.

Accepted Answer

A) eliminated from 
B) added to 
C) averaged into 
D) a critical part of 
A) eliminated from 
B) added to 
C) averaged into 
D) a critical part of

Question 3

When selected orders of conditions (Latin Square or random starting order with rotation)are used to balance practice effects in the incomplete repeated measures design

Accepted Answer

A) the number of selected orders must be exactly equal to the number of conditions in the experiment. 
B) the number of selected orders will always be equal to one more than the number of conditions in the experiment. 
C) the number of selected orders will always be equal to some multiple of the number of conditions in the experiment. 
D) there is no restriction on the number of possible orders needed to balance practice effects in the incomplete repeated measures design. 
A) the number of selected orders must be exactly equal to the number of conditions in the experiment. 
B) the number of selected orders will always be equal to one more than the number of conditions in the experiment. 
C) the number of selected orders will always be equal to some multiple of the number of conditions in the experiment. 
D) there is no restriction on the number of possible orders needed to balance practice effects in the incomplete repeated measures design.

Question 4

What are one advantage and one disadvantage of using possible orders to balance practice effects in the incomplete repeated measures design?

Accepted Answer

The advantage of using all possible orde

Question 5

Cite at least two reasons why a researcher might choose to use a repeated measures design.

Accepted Answer

The four reasons cited in the text are t

Question 6

A health psychologist conducts an experiment to test the effectiveness of four techniques for helping a person to relax.The psychologist has a limited number of people available to participate in the experiment and each relaxation technique takes some time to complete.The psychologist has decided,therefore,to use the incomplete repeated measures design with all possible orders to balance practice effects.What is the minimum number of participants with psychologist will need for this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 12 
C) 24 
D) 48 
A) 4 
B) 12 
C) 24 
D) 48

Question 7

Which of the following is not one of the reasons why researchers choose to use the repeated measures design?

Accepted Answer

A) Repeated measures designs require fewer subjects. 
B) Repeated measures designs are more convenient and efficient. 
C) Repeated measures designs are generally less sensitive than are independent groups designs. 
D) Repeated measures designs are needed when the experimental procedures require participants to compare two or more stimuli. 
A) Repeated measures designs require fewer subjects. 
B) Repeated measures designs are more convenient and efficient. 
C) Repeated measures designs are generally less sensitive than are independent groups designs. 
D) Repeated measures designs are needed when the experimental procedures require participants to compare two or more stimuli.

Question 8

Which of the following concerns leads researchers to balance practice effects in repeated measures designs?

Accepted Answer

A) Balancing practice effects allows researchers to determine the sources of systematic error variation in repeated measures designs. 
B) Balancing practice effects allows researchers to account for individual differences variables in repeated measures designs due to participants' prior experience. 
C) Balancing allows researchers to ignore sources of confounding that cannot be balanced in repeated measures designs. 
D) Balancing allows researchers to control changes participants undergo with repeated testing in repeated measures designs. 
A) Balancing practice effects allows researchers to determine the sources of systematic error variation in repeated measures designs. 
B) Balancing practice effects allows researchers to account for individual differences variables in repeated measures designs due to participants' prior experience. 
C) Balancing allows researchers to ignore sources of confounding that cannot be balanced in repeated measures designs. 
D) Balancing allows researchers to control changes participants undergo with repeated testing in repeated measures designs.

Question 9

Balancing the order of conditions in a repeated measures design

Accepted Answer

A) averages practice effects across the conditions of the experiment. 
B) eliminates practice effects in the conditions of the experiment. 
C) equates practice effects with those found in random groups designs. 
D) balances individual differences variables across the conditions of the experiment. 
A) averages practice effects across the conditions of the experiment. 
B) eliminates practice effects in the conditions of the experiment. 
C) equates practice effects with those found in random groups designs. 
D) balances individual differences variables across the conditions of the experiment.

Question 10

In the incomplete repeated measures design,the levels of the independent variable for each participant are perfectly confounded with the

Accepted Answer

A) characteristics of that particular participant. 
B) order in which the levels were presented. 
C) individual differences variables in the experiment. 
D) characteristics of the experimental task. 
A) characteristics of that particular participant. 
B) order in which the levels were presented. 
C) individual differences variables in the experiment. 
D) characteristics of the experimental task.

Question 11

When a participant in an experiment that involves the complete repeated measures design develops expectations about which condition should occur next in the sequence,the methodological problem that occurs is called

Accepted Answer

A) reactivity effects. 
B) anticipation effects. 
C) differential transfer 
D) next-in-line effects. 
A) reactivity effects. 
B) anticipation effects. 
C) differential transfer 
D) next-in-line effects.

Question 12

A student is considering doing a complete repeated measures design experiment involving motor skills.The student's advisor has told him that people show a large initial improvement on the task followed by slow steady improvement after this initial change.The student must choose a technique for balancing practice effects.Which technique should the student not use?

Accepted Answer

A) block randomization 
B) Latin Square 
C) ABBA counterbalancing 
D) all possible orders 
A) block randomization 
B) Latin Square 
C) ABBA counterbalancing 
D) all possible orders

Question 13

Practice effects in the incomplete repeated measures design are balanced by

Accepted Answer

A) ensuring that the results for each participant are balanced. 
B) subtracting the results for the different groups of participants in the experiment. 
C) averaging across the results for each pair of participants. 
D) averaging across the results for all participants. 
A) ensuring that the results for each participant are balanced. 
B) subtracting the results for the different groups of participants in the experiment. 
C) averaging across the results for each pair of participants. 
D) averaging across the results for all participants.

Question 14

A repeated measures design experiment was done to test people's ability to solve problems that varied in difficulty at three levels (easy,moderate,and hard).The researcher used all possible orders to balance practice effects and so was able to determine that performance on the hard problems was better when they were preceded by a moderate difficulty problem than when they were preceded by an easy problem.Which of the following is a possible explanation of this finding?

Accepted Answer

A) negative transfer 
B) differential transfer 
C) progressive error 
D) nonlinear practice effects 
A) negative transfer 
B) differential transfer 
C) progressive error 
D) nonlinear practice effects

Question 15

What distinguishes the complete repeated measures design from the incomplete repeated measures design?

Accepted Answer

In the complete repeated measures design

Question 16

A researcher compares students' performance using a new learning strategy to their performance using the old strategy.Students' performance is first tested with the old strategy,followed by the new strategy.The results indicate that students perform better with the new strategy.These results

Accepted Answer

A) are uninterpretable due to the confounding with practice effects. 
B) the order of the two learning strategies does not matter. 
C) indicate that teachers should use the new strategy. 
D) all of these 
A) are uninterpretable due to the confounding with practice effects. 
B) the order of the two learning strategies does not matter. 
C) indicate that teachers should use the new strategy. 
D) all of these

There can be no confounding by individual differences variables in the repeated measures designs because

Repeated measures designs are more sensitive than random groups designs because the systematic variation due to individual differences is _________ the statistical analyses.

When selected orders of conditions (Latin Square or random starting order with rotation)are used to balance practice effects in the incomplete repeated measures design

What are one advantage and one disadvantage of using possible orders to balance practice effects in the incomplete repeated measures design?

Cite at least two reasons why a researcher might choose to use a repeated measures design.

Which of the following is not one of the reasons why researchers choose to use the repeated measures design?

Which of the following concerns leads researchers to balance practice effects in repeated measures designs?

Balancing the order of conditions in a repeated measures design

In the incomplete repeated measures design,the levels of the independent variable for each participant are perfectly confounded with the

When a participant in an experiment that involves the complete repeated measures design develops expectations about which condition should occur next in the sequence,the methodological problem that occurs is called

Practice effects in the incomplete repeated measures design are balanced by

What distinguishes the complete repeated measures design from the incomplete repeated measures design?

A researcher compares students' performance using a new learning strategy to their performance using the old strategy.Students' performance is first tested with the old strategy,followed by the new strategy.The results indicate that students perform better with the new strategy.These results

Introduction

The Scientifi C Method

Ethical Issues in the Conduct of Psychological Research

Observation

Survey Research

Independent Groups Designs

Complex Designs

Single-Case Designs and Small-N Research

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Program Evaluation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part I Describing Data,confi Dence Intervals, Correlation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part II Tests of Statisticalsignifi Cance and the Analysis Story

Communication in Psychology

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Exam 7: Repeated Measures Designs

There can be no confounding by individual differences variables in the repeated measures designs because

Repeated measures designs are more sensitive than random groups designs because the systematic variation due to individual differences is _________ the statistical analyses.

When selected orders of conditions (Latin Square or random starting order with rotation)are used to balance practice effects in the incomplete repeated measures design

What are one advantage and one disadvantage of using possible orders to balance practice effects in the incomplete repeated measures design?

Cite at least two reasons why a researcher might choose to use a repeated measures design.

Which of the following is not one of the reasons why researchers choose to use the repeated measures design?

Which of the following concerns leads researchers to balance practice effects in repeated measures designs?

Balancing the order of conditions in a repeated measures design

In the incomplete repeated measures design,the levels of the independent variable for each participant are perfectly confounded with the

When a participant in an experiment that involves the complete repeated measures design develops expectations about which condition should occur next in the sequence,the methodological problem that occurs is called

Practice effects in the incomplete repeated measures design are balanced by

What distinguishes the complete repeated measures design from the incomplete repeated measures design?

A researcher compares students' performance using a new learning strategy to their performance using the old strategy.Students' performance is first tested with the old strategy,followed by the new strategy.The results indicate that students perform better with the new strategy.These results

Introduction

The Scientifi C Method

Ethical Issues in the Conduct of Psychological Research

Observation

Survey Research

Independent Groups Designs

Complex Designs

Single-Case Designs and Small-N Research

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Program Evaluation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part I Describing Data,confi Dence Intervals, Correlation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part II Tests of Statisticalsignifi Cance and the Analysis Story

Communication in Psychology

Filters