Question 1

As an anticoagulant,heparin acts to:

Accepted Answer

A)  chelate calcium. 
B)  inhibit platelet aggregation. 
C)  antagonize vitamin K. 
D)  activate antithrombin. 
A)  chelate calcium. 
B)  inhibit platelet aggregation. 
C)  antagonize vitamin K. 
D)  activate antithrombin. D

Question 2

Using each answer only once, match the color of the evacuated blood collection tube stopper with the additive in that tube.
-Acid citrate dextrose

Accepted Answer

A) Yellow 
B) Lavender 
C) Gray 
D) Green 
A) Yellow 
B) Lavender 
C) Gray 
D) Green D

Question 3

Which one of the following analytes shows no difference in composition between a serum and a plasma specimen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lactate dehydrogenase 
B)  Potassium 
C)  Cholesterol 
D)  Total protein 
A)  Lactate dehydrogenase 
B)  Potassium 
C)  Cholesterol 
D)  Total protein C

Question 4

The best use of a saliva specimen would be for which one of the following analyses?

Accepted Answer

A)  Measurement of blood group substances to determine secretor status and genotype 
B)  Determination of whether the specimen is an effusion or an exudate 
C)  Early gestational age diagnosis of inherited genetic disorders 
D)  Characterization of the type of arthritis present in an individual 
A)  Measurement of blood group substances to determine secretor status and genotype 
B)  Determination of whether the specimen is an effusion or an exudate 
C)  Early gestational age diagnosis of inherited genetic disorders 
D)  Characterization of the type of arthritis present in an individual

Question 5

Using each answer only once, match the color of the evacuated blood collection tube stopper with the additive in that tube.
-Heparin

Accepted Answer

A) Yellow 
B) Lavender 
C) Gray 
D) Green 
A) Yellow 
B) Lavender 
C) Gray 
D) Green

Question 6

The type of urine specimen that is best for detection of abnormal amounts of certain analytes such as chorionic gonadotropin for pregnancy testing is a:

Accepted Answer

A)  random and untimed specimen. 
B)  24-hour collection. 
C)  clean,early morning,fasting specimen. 
D)  catheter specimen. 
A)  random and untimed specimen. 
B)  24-hour collection. 
C)  clean,early morning,fasting specimen. 
D)  catheter specimen.

Question 7

An amniotic fluid specimen for bilirubin analysis is received in the laboratory in a clear plastic collection tube.How will this affect the results of the bilirubin analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  There will be no effect on the bilirubin analysis results,because this specimen is properly collected. 
B)  Because the tube is not darkened,light will cause the bilirubin to be photo-degraded and the results will be falsely decreased. 
C)  Because there is no additive in the tube,the amniotic fluid cells will hemolyze,leading to a false increase in bilirubin. 
D)  Because the tube is made of plastic,the amniotic fluid will clot,and no analysis can be performed on a clotted sample. 
A)  There will be no effect on the bilirubin analysis results,because this specimen is properly collected. 
B)  Because the tube is not darkened,light will cause the bilirubin to be photo-degraded and the results will be falsely decreased. 
C)  Because there is no additive in the tube,the amniotic fluid cells will hemolyze,leading to a false increase in bilirubin. 
D)  Because the tube is made of plastic,the amniotic fluid will clot,and no analysis can be performed on a clotted sample.

Question 8

The best additive in a collection tube for enhancing the vitality and recovery of white blood cells for isolation of genomic DNA is:

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium citrate. 
B)  heparin. 
C)  oxalate. 
D)  acid citrate dextrose. 
A)  sodium citrate. 
B)  heparin. 
C)  oxalate. 
D)  acid citrate dextrose.

Question 9

An example of a preanalytical error would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  mislabeling a tube of blood with an incorrect name. 
B)  using expired reagents in an analysis. 
C)  sending the test results to the incorrect physician. 
D)  failing to run controls with unknown samples. 
A)  mislabeling a tube of blood with an incorrect name. 
B)  using expired reagents in an analysis. 
C)  sending the test results to the incorrect physician. 
D)  failing to run controls with unknown samples.

Question 10

Using each answer only once, match the color of the evacuated blood collection tube stopper with the additive in that tube.
-EDTA

Accepted Answer

A) Yellow 
B) Lavender 
C) Gray 
D) Green 
A) Yellow 
B) Lavender 
C) Gray 
D) Green

Question 11

Using each answer only once, match the color of the evacuated blood collection tube stopper with the additive in that tube.
-Glycolytic inhibitor

Accepted Answer

A) Yellow 
B) Lavender 
C) Gray 
D) Green 
A) Yellow 
B) Lavender 
C) Gray 
D) Green

Question 12

An example of an uncontrollable preanalytical variable would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  improper specimen collection. 
B)  preanalytical errors. 
C)  prolonged bed rest. 
D)  an individual's age. 
A)  improper specimen collection. 
B)  preanalytical errors. 
C)  prolonged bed rest. 
D)  an individual's age.

Question 13

When a coagulated blood sample is separated by centrifugation,the liquid component is separated from the cells.This "serum" is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  liquid component with all clotting factors present in it. 
B)  liquid component with no clotting factors in it. 
C)  unclotted cellular component. 
D)  clot. 
A)  liquid component with all clotting factors present in it. 
B)  liquid component with no clotting factors in it. 
C)  unclotted cellular component. 
D)  clot.

Question 14

Which one of the following anticoagulants is considered unacceptable for a blood sample that will be used for DNA amplification in the polymerase chain reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heparin 
B)  EDTA 
C)  Iodoacetate 
D)  Acid citrate dextrose 
A)  Heparin 
B)  EDTA 
C)  Iodoacetate 
D)  Acid citrate dextrose

Question 15

A blood collection tube containing a specific amount of additive is only half filled with blood instead of being completely filled.Will this collection affect laboratory test results?

Accepted Answer

A)  There will be no effect on the results because the additive is "calibrated" for any amount of blood in the tube. 
B)  There will be a significant effect on the test results because the additive must be mixed with a full tube of blood to achieve its appropriate effect. 
A)  There will be no effect on the results because the additive is "calibrated" for any amount of blood in the tube. 
B)  There will be a significant effect on the test results because the additive must be mixed with a full tube of blood to achieve its appropriate effect.

Question 16

Hemolysis will cause potassium _____ when analyzed.

Accepted Answer

A)  and lactate dehydrogenase (L
D) values to appear increased 
B)  value to appear increased and LD value to appear decreased 
C)  value to appear decreased and LD value to appear increased 
D)  and LD values to appear decreased 
A)  and lactate dehydrogenase (L
D) values to appear increased 
B)  value to appear increased and LD value to appear decreased 
C)  value to appear decreased and LD value to appear increased 
D)  and LD values to appear decreased

Question 17

An individual has several laboratory tests ordered and is having blood collected.After applying the tourniquet,the phlebotomist has to answer the phone and write down a message,leaving the tourniquet in place for approximately 3 minutes.How will this affect this individual's serum composition of total protein and potassium?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both will be increased. 
B)  Total protein will be increased and potassium will be decreased. 
C)  Total protein will be decreased and potassium will be increased. 
D)  Both will be decreased. 
A)  Both will be increased. 
B)  Total protein will be increased and potassium will be decreased. 
C)  Total protein will be decreased and potassium will be increased. 
D)  Both will be decreased.

Question 18

An individual has several laboratory tests ordered and is having blood collected.After applying the tourniquet,the phlebotomist has to answer the phone and write down a message,leaving the tourniquet in place for approximately 3 minutes.How will this affect this individual's serum composition of bilirubin?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will be increased. 
B)  It will be decreased 
C)  It will not be affected. 
A)  It will be increased. 
B)  It will be decreased 
C)  It will not be affected.

Question 19

When collecting a timed urine specimen for laboratory analysis:

Accepted Answer

A)  all of the urine must be collected at once into one large container instead of using smaller separate containers that are emptied into the large container. 
B)  the container used for collection must be maintained at room temperature throughout the entire collection period. 
C)  it is acceptable and best practice to collect the urine into one container containing two different mixed preservatives if more than one test is ordered. 
D)  the individual's bladder must be emptied first at the beginning of the time of collection,and this urine is discarded. 
A)  all of the urine must be collected at once into one large container instead of using smaller separate containers that are emptied into the large container. 
B)  the container used for collection must be maintained at room temperature throughout the entire collection period. 
C)  it is acceptable and best practice to collect the urine into one container containing two different mixed preservatives if more than one test is ordered. 
D)  the individual's bladder must be emptied first at the beginning of the time of collection,and this urine is discarded.

Question 20

Arthrocentesis is a technique used to collect:

Accepted Answer

A)  pleural fluid. 
B)  blood. 
C)  synovial fluid. 
D)  amniotic fluid. 
A)  pleural fluid. 
B)  blood. 
C)  synovial fluid. 
D)  amniotic fluid.

Exam 6: Specimen Collection, processing, and Other Preanalytical Variables

As an anticoagulant,heparin acts to:

Using each answer only once, match the color of the evacuated blood collection tube stopper with the additive in that tube. -Acid citrate dextrose

Which one of the following analytes shows no difference in composition between a serum and a plasma specimen?

The best use of a saliva specimen would be for which one of the following analyses?

Using each answer only once, match the color of the evacuated blood collection tube stopper with the additive in that tube. -Heparin

The type of urine specimen that is best for detection of abnormal amounts of certain analytes such as chorionic gonadotropin for pregnancy testing is a:

An amniotic fluid specimen for bilirubin analysis is received in the laboratory in a clear plastic collection tube.How will this affect the results of the bilirubin analysis?

The best additive in a collection tube for enhancing the vitality and recovery of white blood cells for isolation of genomic DNA is:

An example of a preanalytical error would be:

Using each answer only once, match the color of the evacuated blood collection tube stopper with the additive in that tube. -EDTA

Using each answer only once, match the color of the evacuated blood collection tube stopper with the additive in that tube. -Glycolytic inhibitor

An example of an uncontrollable preanalytical variable would be:

When a coagulated blood sample is separated by centrifugation,the liquid component is separated from the cells.This "serum" is the:

Which one of the following anticoagulants is considered unacceptable for a blood sample that will be used for DNA amplification in the polymerase chain reaction?

A blood collection tube containing a specific amount of additive is only half filled with blood instead of being completely filled.Will this collection affect laboratory test results?

Hemolysis will cause potassium _____ when analyzed.

When collecting a timed urine specimen for laboratory analysis:

Arthrocentesis is a technique used to collect:

Clinical Chemistry, molecular Diagnostics, and Laboratory Medicine

Selection and Analytical Evaluation of Methodswith Statistical Techniques

Clinical Evaluation of Methods

Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine

Establishment and Use of Reference Values

Quality Management

Principles of Basic Techniques and Laboratory Safety

Optical Techniques

Electrochemistry and Chemical Sensors

Electrophoresis

Chromatography

Mass Spectrometry

Enzyme and Rate Analyses

Immunochemical Techniques

Automation

Point-Of-Care Instrumentation

Amino Acids, peptides, and Proteins

Serum Enzymes

Tumor Markers and Cancer Genes

Kidney Function Test-Screatinine, Urea, and Uric Acid

Carbohydrates

Lipids, lip-Oproteins, apolipoproteins, and Other Cardiac Risk Factors

Electrolytes and Blood Gases

Hormones

Catecholamines and Serotonin

Vitamins, Trace Elements, and Nutritional Assessment

Hemoglobin, Iron, and Bilirubin

Porphyrins and Porphyrias

Therapeutic Drugs and Their Management

Clinical Toxicology

Toxic Metals

Diabetes

Cardiovascular Disease

Kidney Disease

Physiology and Disorders of Water,Electrolyte,and Acid-Base Metabolism

Liver Disease

Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Diseases

Disorders of Bone and Mineral Metabolism

Disorders of the Pituitary

Disorders of the Adrenal Cortex

Thyroid Disorders

Reproduction-Related Disorders

Pregnancy and Prenatal Testing

Newborn Screening and Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Pharmacogenetics

Principles of Molecular Biology

Nucleic Acid Techniques and Applications

Genomes and Nucleic Acid Alterations

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