Question 1

All of the following information should be considered in managing antimicrobial drugs for a patient, except

Accepted Answer

A) possible allergies. 
B) liver and/or kidney disease. 
C) age of patient. 
D) other drugs the patient is taking. 
E) There are no exceptions.All of this information is important. 
A) possible allergies. 
B) liver and/or kidney disease. 
C) age of patient. 
D) other drugs the patient is taking. 
E) There are no exceptions.All of this information is important.

Question 2

Penicillins and cephalosporins

Accepted Answer

A) interfere with DNA synthesis. 
B) are metabolic analogs of PABA and block folic acid synthesis. 
C) attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis. 
D) damage cell membranes. 
E) block the peptidases that cross-link glycan molecules. 
A) interfere with DNA synthesis. 
B) are metabolic analogs of PABA and block folic acid synthesis. 
C) attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis. 
D) damage cell membranes. 
E) block the peptidases that cross-link glycan molecules.

Question 3

While trying to start an IV on a patient, Kurt received a needlestick injury and blood exposure involving a patient with AIDS.He was immediately started on three different antiretroviral medications.The advantage of using combined therapy in this circumstance is

Accepted Answer

A) the duration of treatment is much shorter. 
B) the drugs only work if given together. 
C) cost savings to the patient. 
D) this should prevent the emergence of drug-resistant microbes. 
A) the duration of treatment is much shorter. 
B) the drugs only work if given together. 
C) cost savings to the patient. 
D) this should prevent the emergence of drug-resistant microbes.

Question 4

_____ are plasmids that contain genes for resistance to a drug.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ are plasmids that contain genes for...

Question 5

All of the following are correct about Tamiflu and Relenza except

Accepted Answer

A) they should be given early in an infection. 
B) they prevent assembly and release of the virus. 
C) they are used to treat infections by influenza A and B. 
D) they inhibit fusion and uncoating of the virus. 
E) they are effective prophylactics for influenza 
A) they should be given early in an infection. 
B) they prevent assembly and release of the virus. 
C) they are used to treat infections by influenza A and B. 
D) they inhibit fusion and uncoating of the virus. 
E) they are effective prophylactics for influenza

Question 6

Polyene drugs bind to fungal _____ and cause loss of selective permeability.

Accepted Answer

cell membr

Question 7

Which is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A) Fleming-penicillin 
B) Domagk-sulfonamide 
C) Ehrlich-tetracycline 
D) Florey and Chain-penicillin 
A) Fleming-penicillin 
B) Domagk-sulfonamide 
C) Ehrlich-tetracycline 
D) Florey and Chain-penicillin

Question 8

Which of the following will influence a physician's decision to prescribe an antimicrobial?

Accepted Answer

A) patient age 
B) pregnancy 
C) liver function 
D) alcohol use 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) patient age 
B) pregnancy 
C) liver function 
D) alcohol use 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 9

A semisynthetic antibiotic is a drug which is chemically modified in the laboratory after being isolated from natural sources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

All of the following are correct about allergic reactions to drugs except

Accepted Answer

A) the drug acts as an antigen. 
B) the greatest number of antimicrobic allergies are to the penicillins. 
C) hives may be the result after the drug is taken. 
D) anaphylaxis can occur. 
E) allergic reactions generally will occur the first time a person takes the drug. 
A) the drug acts as an antigen. 
B) the greatest number of antimicrobic allergies are to the penicillins. 
C) hives may be the result after the drug is taken. 
D) anaphylaxis can occur. 
E) allergic reactions generally will occur the first time a person takes the drug.

Question 11

Which of the following is/are true of antibiotic usage and the development of antibiotic resistance?

Accepted Answer

A) Antibiotics cause mutations (antibiotics are mutagens), thus resulting in increasingly resistant bacterial populations. 
B) Antibiotics increase the rate of bacterial transformation, conjugation, and transduction, and thus increase the spread of antibiotic resistance. 
C) Antibiotics cause R-plasmids to form and cause their transfer, spreading antibiotic resistance. 
D) Antibiotics select for resistant mutants and bacteria possessing R-plasmids, increasing their frequency in the population. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) Antibiotics cause mutations (antibiotics are mutagens), thus resulting in increasingly resistant bacterial populations. 
B) Antibiotics increase the rate of bacterial transformation, conjugation, and transduction, and thus increase the spread of antibiotic resistance. 
C) Antibiotics cause R-plasmids to form and cause their transfer, spreading antibiotic resistance. 
D) Antibiotics select for resistant mutants and bacteria possessing R-plasmids, increasing their frequency in the population. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 12

Discuss 5 factors that have influenced the increasing development of resistant microbial strains.

Accepted Answer

1. Overuse and misuse of antibiotics: Th

Question 13

Levaquin, a fluoroquinolone, kills viruses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Substances that are naturally produced by certain microorganisms that can inhibit or destroy other microorganisms are called

Accepted Answer

A) antibiotics. 
B) narrow-spectrum drugs. 
C) semisynthetic drugs. 
D) synthetic drugs. 
E) broad-spectrum drugs. 
A) antibiotics. 
B) narrow-spectrum drugs. 
C) semisynthetic drugs. 
D) synthetic drugs. 
E) broad-spectrum drugs.

Question 15

A chemical that inhibits beta-lactamase enzymes is

Accepted Answer

A) synercid. 
B) penicillinase. 
C) aztreonam. 
D) clavulanic acid. 
E) imipenem. 
A) synercid. 
B) penicillinase. 
C) aztreonam. 
D) clavulanic acid. 
E) imipenem.

Question 16

Side effects that occur in patient tissues while they are on antimicrobic drugs include all the following except

Accepted Answer

A) development of resistance to the drug. 
B) hepatotoxicity. 
C) nephrotoxicity. 
D) diarrhea. 
E) deafness. 
A) development of resistance to the drug. 
B) hepatotoxicity. 
C) nephrotoxicity. 
D) diarrhea. 
E) deafness.

Question 17

A clinical microbiologist makes serial dilutions of several antimicrobics in broth, and then incubates each drug dilution series with a standard amount of a patient's isolated pathogen.What is this microbiologist setting up?

Accepted Answer

A) Kirby-Bauer test 
B) antibiogram 
C) E-test 
D) minimum inhibitory concentration (MI
C)  
E) therapeutic index (TI) 
A) Kirby-Bauer test 
B) antibiogram 
C) E-test 
D) minimum inhibitory concentration (MI
C)  
E) therapeutic index (TI)

Question 18

The Kirby-Bauer test uses an agar surface, seeded with the test bacterium, to which small discs containing a specific concentration of several drugs are placed on the surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Drugs, Microbes, Host--The Elements of Chemotherapy

All of the following information should be considered in managing antimicrobial drugs for a patient, except

Penicillins and cephalosporins

While trying to start an IV on a patient, Kurt received a needlestick injury and blood exposure involving a patient with AIDS.He was immediately started on three different antiretroviral medications.The advantage of using combined therapy in this circumstance is

_____ are plasmids that contain genes for resistance to a drug.

All of the following are correct about Tamiflu and Relenza except

Polyene drugs bind to fungal _____ and cause loss of selective permeability.

Which is mismatched?

Which of the following will influence a physician's decision to prescribe an antimicrobial?

A semisynthetic antibiotic is a drug which is chemically modified in the laboratory after being isolated from natural sources.

All of the following are correct about allergic reactions to drugs except

Which of the following is/are true of antibiotic usage and the development of antibiotic resistance?

Discuss 5 factors that have influenced the increasing development of resistant microbial strains.

Levaquin, a fluoroquinolone, kills viruses.

Substances that are naturally produced by certain microorganisms that can inhibit or destroy other microorganisms are called

A chemical that inhibits beta-lactamase enzymes is

Side effects that occur in patient tissues while they are on antimicrobic drugs include all the following except

A clinical microbiologist makes serial dilutions of several antimicrobics in broth, and then incubates each drug dilution series with a standard amount of a patient's isolated pathogen.What is this microbiologist setting up?

The Kirby-Bauer test uses an agar surface, seeded with the test bacterium, to which small discs containing a specific concentration of several drugs are placed on the surface.

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods of Studying Microorganisms

A Survey of Prokaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

An Introduction to Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering: a Revolution in Molecular Biology

Physical and Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

An Introduction to Host Defenses and Innate Immunities

Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Procedures for Identifying Pathogens and Diagnosing Infections

The Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Cocci of Medical Importance

The Gram-Positive Bacilli of Medical Importance

The Gram-Negative Bacilli of Medical Importance

Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease

The Fungi of Medical Importance

The Parasites of Medical Importance

Introduction to Viruses That Infect Humans: the Dna Viruses

The Rna Viruses That Infect Humans

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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