Question 1

Compare and contrast aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation.

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration, anaerobic respirati

Question 2

_____ reactions are anabolic reactions involving ligases for synthesis and the release of one water molecule for each bond formed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ reactions are anabolic reactions involving ligases...

Question 3

Fatty acids can be metabolized by entering:

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis. 
B) the TCA cycle. 
C) the electron transport chain. 
D) the phosphogluconate pathway. 
E) lactic acid fermentation. 
A) glycolysis. 
B) the TCA cycle. 
C) the electron transport chain. 
D) the phosphogluconate pathway. 
E) lactic acid fermentation.

Question 4

All aerobic bacterial species have identical electron acceptors in their electron transport systems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In the cell, energy released by electrons is often used to phosphorylate:

Accepted Answer

A) ATP. 
B) ADP. 
C) pyruvic acid. 
D) oxygen. 
E) NAD. 
A) ATP. 
B) ADP. 
C) pyruvic acid. 
D) oxygen. 
E) NAD.

Question 6

In eukaryotes, glycolysis takes place:

Accepted Answer

A) in the mitochondria. 
B) in the endoplasmic reticulum. 
C) in the cell membrane. 
D) in the nucleus. 
E) in the cytoplasm. 
A) in the mitochondria. 
B) in the endoplasmic reticulum. 
C) in the cell membrane. 
D) in the nucleus. 
E) in the cytoplasm.

Question 7

The step involving ATP, hexokinase, and the phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate is:

Accepted Answer

A) the final step of the Krebs cycle. 
B) the first redox reaction of the electron transport system. 
C) an example of oxidative phosphorylation. 
D) an example of substrate-level phosphorylation. 
E) an example of photophosphorylation. 
A) the final step of the Krebs cycle. 
B) the first redox reaction of the electron transport system. 
C) an example of oxidative phosphorylation. 
D) an example of substrate-level phosphorylation. 
E) an example of photophosphorylation.

Question 8

The breakdown of peptidoglycan to N-acetylmuramic acid, N-acetylglucosamine and peptides is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) anabolism. 
B) catabolism. 
C) phosphorylation. 
D) fermentation. 
E) biosynthesis. 
A) anabolism. 
B) catabolism. 
C) phosphorylation. 
D) fermentation. 
E) biosynthesis.

Question 9

In anaerobic respiration, all of the following can serve as the final electron acceptor, except:

Accepted Answer

A) nitrate. 
B) oxygen. 
C) sulfate. 
D) nitrite. 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) nitrate. 
B) oxygen. 
C) sulfate. 
D) nitrite. 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 10

When amino acids are deaminated, they can be used as a source of:

Accepted Answer

A) glucose. 
B) fat. 
C) vitamins. 
D) minerals. 
E) carbon. 
A) glucose. 
B) fat. 
C) vitamins. 
D) minerals. 
E) carbon.

Question 11

FAD, NADP, NAD, and coenzyme A are all _____ carriers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of FAD, NADP, NAD, and coenzyme A are...

Question 12

As the electron transport carriers shuttle electrons, they actively pump _____ into the outer membrane compartment setting up a concentration gradient called the proton motive force.

Accepted Answer

A) ATP 
B) phosphate 
C) hydrogen ions 
D) oxygen 
E) NADH 
A) ATP 
B) phosphate 
C) hydrogen ions 
D) oxygen 
E) NADH

Question 13

Briefly discuss the main events of light dependent photosynthesis including what is required for the desired product(s) to form.

Accepted Answer

Light dependent photosynthesis is the pr

Question 14

Formation of peptide bonds between amino acids to build a polypeptide would be called:

Accepted Answer

A) anabolism. 
B) phosphorylation. 
C) fermentation. 
D) exergonic. 
E) glycolysis. 
A) anabolism. 
B) phosphorylation. 
C) fermentation. 
D) exergonic. 
E) glycolysis.

Question 15

Building block molecules for biosynthetic pathways come from the cell's catabolic pathways and from the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

An apoenzyme:

Accepted Answer

A) is part of a simple enzyme. 
B) is also called a coenzyme. 
C) contains the active site. 
D) is often an inorganic metal ion. 
E) is an RNA molecule. 
A) is part of a simple enzyme. 
B) is also called a coenzyme. 
C) contains the active site. 
D) is often an inorganic metal ion. 
E) is an RNA molecule.

Question 17

During which of the phases of cellular respiration is the majority of ATP formed?

Accepted Answer

A) electron transport 
B) Krebs cycle 
C) glycolysis 
D) processing of pyruvic acid for the Krebs cycle 
E) All phases produce the same number of ATP molecules. 
A) electron transport 
B) Krebs cycle 
C) glycolysis 
D) processing of pyruvic acid for the Krebs cycle 
E) All phases produce the same number of ATP molecules.

Question 18

All of the chemical reactions of the cell are called:

Accepted Answer

A) catabolism. 
B) redox reactions. 
C) phosphorylation. 
D) metabolism. 
E) cellular respiration. 
A) catabolism. 
B) redox reactions. 
C) phosphorylation. 
D) metabolism. 
E) cellular respiration.

Question 19

Discuss the electron transport chain with regard to: a) its composition, b) its function in cellular respiration, c) its location in eukaryotes versus prokaryotes, and d) role in chemiosmosis.

Accepted Answer

The electron transport chain (ETC) is a

Question 20

In the eukaryote, the respiratory chain is located in the ___, whereas the majority of ATP is produced by the respiratory chain in the _______ of a prokaryote.

Accepted Answer

A) Lysosome, flagella 
B) Golgi body, mitochondria 
C) Mitochondria, outer membrane space 
D) Mitochondria, ribosome 
E) SER, nucleus 
A) Lysosome, flagella 
B) Golgi body, mitochondria 
C) Mitochondria, outer membrane space 
D) Mitochondria, ribosome 
E) SER, nucleus

Exam 8: An Introduction to Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Compare and contrast aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation.

_____ reactions are anabolic reactions involving ligases for synthesis and the release of one water molecule for each bond formed.

Fatty acids can be metabolized by entering:

All aerobic bacterial species have identical electron acceptors in their electron transport systems.

In the cell, energy released by electrons is often used to phosphorylate:

In eukaryotes, glycolysis takes place:

The step involving ATP, hexokinase, and the phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate is:

The breakdown of peptidoglycan to N-acetylmuramic acid, N-acetylglucosamine and peptides is an example of:

In anaerobic respiration, all of the following can serve as the final electron acceptor, except:

When amino acids are deaminated, they can be used as a source of:

FAD, NADP, NAD, and coenzyme A are all _____ carriers.

As the electron transport carriers shuttle electrons, they actively pump _____ into the outer membrane compartment setting up a concentration gradient called the proton motive force.

Briefly discuss the main events of light dependent photosynthesis including what is required for the desired product(s) to form.

Formation of peptide bonds between amino acids to build a polypeptide would be called:

Building block molecules for biosynthetic pathways come from the cell's catabolic pathways and from the environment.

An apoenzyme:

During which of the phases of cellular respiration is the majority of ATP formed?

All of the chemical reactions of the cell are called:

Discuss the electron transport chain with regard to: a) its composition, b) its function in cellular respiration, c) its location in eukaryotes versus prokaryotes, and d) role in chemiosmosis.

In the eukaryote, the respiratory chain is located in the ___, whereas the majority of ATP is produced by the respiratory chain in the _______ of a prokaryote.

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods of Studying Microorganisms

A Survey of Prokaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering: a Revolution in Molecular Biology

Physical and Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Drugs, Microbes, Host--The Elements of Chemotherapy

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

An Introduction to Host Defenses and Innate Immunities

Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Procedures for Identifying Pathogens and Diagnosing Infections

The Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Cocci of Medical Importance

The Gram-Positive Bacilli of Medical Importance

The Gram-Negative Bacilli of Medical Importance

Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease

The Fungi of Medical Importance

The Parasites of Medical Importance

Introduction to Viruses That Infect Humans: the Dna Viruses

The Rna Viruses That Infect Humans

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Filters

In the eukaryote, the respiratory chain is located in the _, whereas the majority of ATP is produced by the respiratory chain in the _____ of a prokaryote.