Question 1

This occurs when a substance passes from the fluid in the tubular lumen through the apical membrane,across the cytosol,and then into the interstitial fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) paracellular reabsorption 
B) transcellular reabsorption 
C) apical reabsorption 
D) basolateral reabsorption 
E) active transport 
A) paracellular reabsorption 
B) transcellular reabsorption 
C) apical reabsorption 
D) basolateral reabsorption 
E) active transport

Question 2

Glomerular capillaries and podocytes together form the

Accepted Answer

A) glomerular endothelial cells 
B) filtration membrane 
C) pedicels 
D) filtration slits 
E) slit membrane 
A) glomerular endothelial cells 
B) filtration membrane 
C) pedicels 
D) filtration slits 
E) slit membrane

Question 3

Which structure of the nephron reabsorbs the most substances?

Accepted Answer

A) glomerular capsule 
B) nephron loop 
C) ascending limb 
D) collecting duct 
E) proximal convoluted tubule 
A) glomerular capsule 
B) nephron loop 
C) ascending limb 
D) collecting duct 
E) proximal convoluted tubule

Question 4

What type of cells are found in the proximal convoluted tubule?

Accepted Answer

A) simple squamous 
B) simple columnar 
C) simple cuboidal 
D) stratified squamous 
E) stratified cuboidal 
A) simple squamous 
B) simple columnar 
C) simple cuboidal 
D) stratified squamous 
E) stratified cuboidal

Question 5

Another name for the glomerular capsule is _____ capsule.

Accepted Answer

A) Cowper's 
B) Skene's 
C) Bartholin's 
D) Bowman's 
E) Brenner's 
A) Cowper's 
B) Skene's 
C) Bartholin's 
D) Bowman's 
E) Brenner's

Question 6

Consumption of salty food will cause an increase in this hormone.

Accepted Answer

A) Aldosterone 
B) Renin 
C) ANH 
D) Angiotensin-II 
E) ADH 
A) Aldosterone 
B) Renin 
C) ANH 
D) Angiotensin-II 
E) ADH

Question 7

Fluid flowing from point B in the figure will go to which of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

A) J 
B) M 
C) I 
D) G 
E) H 
A) J 
B) M 
C) I 
D) G 
E) H

Question 8

Absence of angiotensin converting enzyme will lead to

Accepted Answer

A) decreased blood pressure 
B) increased blood pressure 
C) will not have any effect on blood pressure 
D) All of these choices are correct. 
E) None of these choices is correct. 
A) decreased blood pressure 
B) increased blood pressure 
C) will not have any effect on blood pressure 
D) All of these choices are correct. 
E) None of these choices is correct.

Question 9

Some kidney diseases cause a change in the permeability of glomerular capillaries making
Them more permeable to plasma proteins.This changes the colloid osmotic pressure,thus
Drawing water out of the blood and into tissues.The result is

Accepted Answer

A) dehydration 
B) edema 
C) overhydration 
D) high blood pressure 
E) there is no actual change 
A) dehydration 
B) edema 
C) overhydration 
D) high blood pressure 
E) there is no actual change

Question 10

This term means the return of substances into the blood stream from the filtrate.

Accepted Answer

A) reabsorption 
B) filtration 
C) secretion 
D) excretion 
E) none of these choices 
A) reabsorption 
B) filtration 
C) secretion 
D) excretion 
E) none of these choices

Question 11

What is line "A" pointing to?

Accepted Answer

A) Fenestration 
B) Pedicel 
C) Filtration slit 
D) Basal lamina 
E) Lumen of the glomerulus 
A) Fenestration 
B) Pedicel 
C) Filtration slit 
D) Basal lamina 
E) Lumen of the glomerulus

Question 12

What is line "D" pointing to?

Accepted Answer

A) Fenestration 
B) Pedicel 
C) Filtration slit 
D) Basal lamina 
E) Lumen of the glomerulus 
A) Fenestration 
B) Pedicel 
C) Filtration slit 
D) Basal lamina 
E) Lumen of the glomerulus

Question 13

Fluid flowing from point N in the figure will go to which structure next?

Accepted Answer

A) G 
B) H 
C) C 
D) B 
E) K 
A) G 
B) H 
C) C 
D) B 
E) K

Question 14

What is line "C" pointing to?

Accepted Answer

A) Distal convoluted tubule 
B) Interlobular artery 
C) Efferent arteriole 
D) Arcuate artery 
E) Corticomedullary junction 
A) Distal convoluted tubule 
B) Interlobular artery 
C) Efferent arteriole 
D) Arcuate artery 
E) Corticomedullary junction

Question 15

Fluid flowing from point H in the figure will go to which structure next?

Accepted Answer

A) L 
B) B 
C) I 
D) G 
E) N 
A) L 
B) B 
C) I 
D) G 
E) N

Question 16

This substance gives bile its major pigmentation:

Accepted Answer

A) ketone bodies 
B) erythrocytes 
C) casts 
D) bilirubin 
E) glucose 
A) ketone bodies 
B) erythrocytes 
C) casts 
D) bilirubin 
E) glucose

Question 17

As we age,several changes take place in the urinary system.These changes include

Accepted Answer

A) shrinking of the kidneys 
B) decreased blood flow 
C) lower filtration rate 
D) greater urinary output 
E) increase in the number of glomeruli 
A) shrinking of the kidneys 
B) decreased blood flow 
C) lower filtration rate 
D) greater urinary output 
E) increase in the number of glomeruli

Question 18

Which of the following is a waste product normally excreted by the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A) urea 
B) glucose 
C) insulin 
D) cholesterol 
E) carbon dioxide 
A) urea 
B) glucose 
C) insulin 
D) cholesterol 
E) carbon dioxide

Question 19

Anorexia,starvation,or a diet too low in carbohydrates manifests as which condition?

Accepted Answer

A) albuminuria 
B) glucosuria 
C) urobilinogenuria 
D) ketonuria 
E) bilirubinuria 
A) albuminuria 
B) glucosuria 
C) urobilinogenuria 
D) ketonuria 
E) bilirubinuria

Question 20

This is smooth dense irregular connective tissue that is continuous with the outer coat of the ureter.

Accepted Answer

A) adipose capsule 
B) renal capsule 
C) renal hilus 
D) renal cortex 
E) renal medulla 
A) adipose capsule 
B) renal capsule 
C) renal hilus 
D) renal cortex 
E) renal medulla

Exam 26: The Urinary System

This occurs when a substance passes from the fluid in the tubular lumen through the apical membrane,across the cytosol,and then into the interstitial fluid.

Glomerular capillaries and podocytes together form the

Which structure of the nephron reabsorbs the most substances?

What type of cells are found in the proximal convoluted tubule?

Another name for the glomerular capsule is _____ capsule.

Consumption of salty food will cause an increase in this hormone.

Fluid flowing from point B in the figure will go to which of the following structures?

Absence of angiotensin converting enzyme will lead to

Some kidney diseases cause a change in the permeability of glomerular capillaries making Them more permeable to plasma proteins.This changes the colloid osmotic pressure,thus Drawing water out of the blood and into tissues.The result is

This term means the return of substances into the blood stream from the filtrate.

What is line "A" pointing to?

What is line "D" pointing to?

Fluid flowing from point N in the figure will go to which structure next?

What is line "C" pointing to?

Fluid flowing from point H in the figure will go to which structure next?

This substance gives bile its major pigmentation:

As we age,several changes take place in the urinary system.These changes include

Which of the following is a waste product normally excreted by the kidneys?

Anorexia,starvation,or a diet too low in carbohydrates manifests as which condition?

This is smooth dense irregular connective tissue that is continuous with the outer coat of the ureter.

An Introduction to the Human Body

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System: Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System: the Axial Skeleton

The Skeletal System: The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscular Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: the Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Hemodynamics

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Nutrition

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Homeostasis

The Reproductive Systems

Development and Inheritance

Filters