Question 1

Alterations in genetic information cannot be caused by

Accepted Answer

A) mistakes made during replication 
B) faulty recombination. 
C) transposition of genes. 
D) mistakes made during translation. 
E) all of the above 
A) mistakes made during replication 
B) faulty recombination. 
C) transposition of genes. 
D) mistakes made during translation. 
E) all of the above

Question 2

Which of the restriction enzymes listed in the table below produces blunt-end fragments?

Accepted Answer

A) AluI 
B) BamHI 
C) BglII 
D) EcoRI 
E) HindIII 
A) AluI 
B) BamHI 
C) BglII 
D) EcoRI 
E) HindIII

Question 3

Which of the following conclusions about the human genome is (are)true?

Accepted Answer

A) Only about 80% of the human genome is transcribed to RNA. 
B) Only about 1-2% of the human genome codes for proteins. 
C) Most of the proteins found in humans are also found in many other animals. 
D) Nearly half of the human genome consists of repetitive DNA sequences. 
E) All of the above. 
A) Only about 80% of the human genome is transcribed to RNA. 
B) Only about 1-2% of the human genome codes for proteins. 
C) Most of the proteins found in humans are also found in many other animals. 
D) Nearly half of the human genome consists of repetitive DNA sequences. 
E) All of the above.

Question 4

In Sanger dideoxy DNA sequencing, DNA polymerase I is used to add nucleotides to the ___ end of the growing polynucleotide chain.

Accepted Answer

A) sticky 
B) blunt 
C) 3$^\prime$ 
D) 5$^\prime$ 
E) dideoxy nucleotide containing 
A) sticky 
B) blunt 
C) 3$^\prime$ 
D) 5$^\prime$ 
E) dideoxy nucleotide containing

Question 5

Which of the following nucleotides contain energy rich bonds?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP 
B) TTP 
C) GTP 
D) CTP 
E) all of the above 
A) ATP 
B) TTP 
C) GTP 
D) CTP 
E) all of the above

Question 6

Which of the following statements about PCR is (are)true?

Accepted Answer

A) Small amounts of DNA can be easily amplified to millions of copies. 
B) PCR is often used in forensics laboratories. 
C) PCR reaction products can be used in molecular cloning. 
D) PCR is used in clinical laboratories. 
E) All of the above. 
A) Small amounts of DNA can be easily amplified to millions of copies. 
B) PCR is often used in forensics laboratories. 
C) PCR reaction products can be used in molecular cloning. 
D) PCR is used in clinical laboratories. 
E) All of the above.

Question 7

What is the name of the molecule shown in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A) adenosine 
B) cytosine 
C) cytidine 
D) cytidine monophosphate 
E) uridine 
A) adenosine 
B) cytosine 
C) cytidine 
D) cytidine monophosphate 
E) uridine

Question 8

Small circular DNA molecules used to carry foreign DNA fragments are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) mRNAs 
B) bacteriophage 
C) clones 
D) plasmids 
E) nucleotides 
A) mRNAs 
B) bacteriophage 
C) clones 
D) plasmids 
E) nucleotides

Question 9

Which of the following nucleic acids provides the key to decoding genetic information?

Accepted Answer

A) tRNA 
B) rRNA 
C) mRNA 
D) DNA 
E) None of the above 
A) tRNA 
B) rRNA 
C) mRNA 
D) DNA 
E) None of the above

Question 10

Matching
-Organisms composed of cells with two sets of chromosomes are called ______ organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) diploid 
B) phosphodiester 
C) probe 
D) pyrimidine 
E) introns
F)cloning
G)transformed
H)exons
I)ampicillin
J)autoradiography
K)chain-terminator
L)purine
M)ester 
A) diploid 
B) phosphodiester 
C) probe 
D) pyrimidine 
E) introns
F)cloning
G)transformed
H)exons
I)ampicillin
J)autoradiography
K)chain-terminator
L)purine
M)ester

Question 11

The molecule shown in the diagram is a

Accepted Answer

A) purine. 
B) dinucleotide. 
C) nucleoside. 
D) nucleotide. 
E) none of the above 
A) purine. 
B) dinucleotide. 
C) nucleoside. 
D) nucleotide. 
E) none of the above

Question 12

Which of the following molecules does not contain an energy rich phosphoanhydride bond?

Accepted Answer

A) ADP 
B) GDP 
C) AMP 
D) CDP 
E) all of the above 
A) ADP 
B) GDP 
C) AMP 
D) CDP 
E) all of the above

Question 13

Matching
-The method that Sanger developed for DNA sequencing using dideoxy nucleotides is called the ______ method.

Accepted Answer

A) diploid 
B) phosphodiester 
C) probe 
D) pyrimidine 
E) introns
F)cloning
G)transformed
H)exons
I)ampicillin
J)autoradiography
K)chain-terminator
L)purine
M)ester 
A) diploid 
B) phosphodiester 
C) probe 
D) pyrimidine 
E) introns
F)cloning
G)transformed
H)exons
I)ampicillin
J)autoradiography
K)chain-terminator
L)purine
M)ester

Question 14

Inside our cells, free nucleotides are almost always associated with ______.

Accepted Answer

A) proteins 
B) cholesterol 
C) Cl− counterions 
D) fatty acids 
E) Mg2+ counterions 
A) proteins 
B) cholesterol 
C) Cl− counterions 
D) fatty acids 
E) Mg2+ counterions

Question 15

Describe the structure of a DNA molecule by listing 6 characteristics.

Accepted Answer

1.DNA forms a double helix
2.the two str

Question 16

Which of the following DNA sequences is considered palindromic?

Accepted Answer

A) AAGCTT 
B) GAACTT 
C) GAACAA 
D) AAGCAA 
E) AAGTTC 
A) AAGCTT 
B) GAACTT 
C) GAACAA 
D) AAGCAA 
E) AAGTTC

Question 17

There are three types of RNA that are directly involved in translation.
a.Name these three types of RNA
b.Briefly describe the function of each of these types of RNA.

Accepted Answer

a.mRNA, tRNA, rRNA.
b.mRNA moves genetic

Question 18

Alterations in genetic information can be caused by

Accepted Answer

A) mistakes made during replication. 
B) faulty recombination. 
C) transposition of genes. 
D) damage caused by chemicals or radiation. 
E) all of the above 
A) mistakes made during replication. 
B) faulty recombination. 
C) transposition of genes. 
D) damage caused by chemicals or radiation. 
E) all of the above

Question 19

DNA fragments are usually inserted into a plasmid vector and cloned before they are analyzed by chain termination sequencing because

Accepted Answer

A) DNA fragments need to be pure in order to obtain an unambiguous sequence. 
B) a large number of identical fragments is needed in a sequencing reaction in order to generate detectable amounts of products. 
C) plasmid vectors have known sequences that can be used for design and annealing of the primer oligonucleotides, which are used to initiate the sequencing reaction. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) DNA fragments need to be pure in order to obtain an unambiguous sequence. 
B) a large number of identical fragments is needed in a sequencing reaction in order to generate detectable amounts of products. 
C) plasmid vectors have known sequences that can be used for design and annealing of the primer oligonucleotides, which are used to initiate the sequencing reaction. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Question 20

In molecular cloning, transformed organisms must be identified.One common method for accomplishing this involves the inclusion of ________ in the plasmid.

Accepted Answer

A) a restriction site 
B) a nuclease gene 
C) a deletion 
D) an origin of replication 
E) an antibiotic resistance gene 
A) a restriction site 
B) a nuclease gene 
C) a deletion 
D) an origin of replication 
E) an antibiotic resistance gene

Exam 3: Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Genetic Information

Alterations in genetic information cannot be caused by

Which of the restriction enzymes listed in the table below produces blunt-end fragments?

Which of the following conclusions about the human genome is (are)true?

In Sanger dideoxy DNA sequencing, DNA polymerase I is used to add nucleotides to the ___ end of the growing polynucleotide chain.

Which of the following nucleotides contain energy rich bonds?

Which of the following statements about PCR is (are)true?

What is the name of the molecule shown in the diagram?

Small circular DNA molecules used to carry foreign DNA fragments are called ________.

Which of the following nucleic acids provides the key to decoding genetic information?

Matching -Organisms composed of cells with two sets of chromosomes are called ______ organisms.

The molecule shown in the diagram is a

Which of the following molecules does not contain an energy rich phosphoanhydride bond?

Matching -The method that Sanger developed for DNA sequencing using dideoxy nucleotides is called the ______ method.

Inside our cells, free nucleotides are almost always associated with ______.

Describe the structure of a DNA molecule by listing 6 characteristics.

Which of the following DNA sequences is considered palindromic?

There are three types of RNA that are directly involved in translation. a.Name these three types of RNA b.Briefly describe the function of each of these types of RNA.

Alterations in genetic information can be caused by

DNA fragments are usually inserted into a plasmid vector and cloned before they are analyzed by chain termination sequencing because

In molecular cloning, transformed organisms must be identified.One common method for accomplishing this involves the inclusion of ________ in the plasmid.

Introduction to the Chemistry of Life

Water

Amino Acids

Proteins: Primary Structure

Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure

Protein Function Part I: Myoglobin and Hemoglobin

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Biological Membranes

Membrane Transport

Enzyme Catalysis

Enzyme Kinetics, Inhibition and Control

Biochemical Signaling

Introduction to Metabolism

Glycogen Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis

Glucose Catabolism

Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Mammalian Fuel Metabolism: Integration and Regulation

Nucleotide Metabolism

Nucleic Acid Structure

Dna Replication, Repair and Recombination

Transcription and Rna Processing

Translation

Regulation of Gene Expression

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