Question 1

If the heat of melting of a sample is 135 J/g, what would the heat of freezing for the sample be?

Accepted Answer

A)  -135 J/g 
B)  135 J/g 
C)  The heat depends on the mass. 
D)  The heat depends on the temperature. 
E)  The heat of freezing is unrelated to the heat of melting. 
A)  -135 J/g 
B)  135 J/g 
C)  The heat depends on the mass. 
D)  The heat depends on the temperature. 
E)  The heat of freezing is unrelated to the heat of melting.

Question 2

If the specific heat of gold is 0.13 J/(g°C), how much heat does it take to raise the temperature of a 1.0-gram piece of gold from 74°C to 99°C?

Accepted Answer

A)  3.3 J 
B)  9.75 J 
C)  13.0 J 
D)  75,000 J 
E)  192 J 
A)  3.3 J 
B)  9.75 J 
C)  13.0 J 
D)  75,000 J 
E)  192 J

Question 3

What is the temperature change if you cool water from 100°C to 55°C?

Accepted Answer

A)  55°C 
B)  100°C 
C)  45°C 
D)  -45°C 
E)  -55°C 
A)  55°C 
B)  100°C 
C)  45°C 
D)  -45°C 
E)  -55°C

Question 4

Unlike fresh water, ocean water contracts as it is cooled all the way down to its freezing point, which is about -18°C. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  As the water cools, it becomes more dense and then it sinks. The pressure from the weight of the ocean exerted on the ice below the surface of water causes it to be more dense. 
B)  macrocrystals instead of microcrystals are formed during the freezing of ocean water. 
C)  As the water cools, the salt ions in the ocean water pull the molecules closer together. 
D)  The presence of a solute disrupts the rate of ice microcrystal formation. 
A)  As the water cools, it becomes more dense and then it sinks. The pressure from the weight of the ocean exerted on the ice below the surface of water causes it to be more dense. 
B)  macrocrystals instead of microcrystals are formed during the freezing of ocean water. 
C)  As the water cools, the salt ions in the ocean water pull the molecules closer together. 
D)  The presence of a solute disrupts the rate of ice microcrystal formation.

Question 5

Is the density of near-freezing water, which contains microscopic ice crystals, greater or less than the density of liquid water containing no microscopic ice crystals?

Accepted Answer

A)  less dense 
B)  more dense 
C)  It's the same since it's all water. 
D)  It's not possible to determine the density of any substance which exists in two phases at once. 
A)  less dense 
B)  more dense 
C)  It's the same since it's all water. 
D)  It's not possible to determine the density of any substance which exists in two phases at once.

Question 6

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between temperature and heat?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heat and temperature are the same thing. 
B)  It always takes the same amount of heat energy to change the temperature of a compound. 
C)  Materials of different composition adsorb and release heat the same way. 
D)  Materials have the same capacity for storing heat energy. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  Heat and temperature are the same thing. 
B)  It always takes the same amount of heat energy to change the temperature of a compound. 
C)  Materials of different composition adsorb and release heat the same way. 
D)  Materials have the same capacity for storing heat energy. 
E)  none of the above

Question 7

Why is it that in cold winters a tub of water placed in a farmer's canning cellar helps prevent canned food from freezing?

Accepted Answer

A)  As long as the water remains in the liquid phase, evaporation will give off heat to the cellar. 
B)  If the canned goods are in the tub of water, molecular interactions will keep them from freezing. 
C)  The cold in the cellar is consumed by freezing the water, not the canned goods. 
D)  The continual release of energy by the freezing water keeps the temperature of the cellar from going below 0°C. 
A)  As long as the water remains in the liquid phase, evaporation will give off heat to the cellar. 
B)  If the canned goods are in the tub of water, molecular interactions will keep them from freezing. 
C)  The cold in the cellar is consumed by freezing the water, not the canned goods. 
D)  The continual release of energy by the freezing water keeps the temperature of the cellar from going below 0°C.

Question 8

Suppose that water is used in a thermometer instead of mercury. If the temperature is at 4°C and then changes, why can't the thermometer indicate whether the temperature is rising or falling?

Accepted Answer

A)  The water molecules will be a mixture of ice and water, and a change in temperature will only change the proportions of its phases. 
B)  The water molecules are moving too slowly to be able to indicate a change. 
C)  Water is most dense at 4°C. The water in a water-filled thermometer at 4°C would expand as the water was cooled or heated. 
D)  Since water has such a high specific heat capacity, it will take a lot of energy to be able to see a change in the thermometer. 
A)  The water molecules will be a mixture of ice and water, and a change in temperature will only change the proportions of its phases. 
B)  The water molecules are moving too slowly to be able to indicate a change. 
C)  Water is most dense at 4°C. The water in a water-filled thermometer at 4°C would expand as the water was cooled or heated. 
D)  Since water has such a high specific heat capacity, it will take a lot of energy to be able to see a change in the thermometer.

Question 9

Given the following specific heats and that each sample had the same mass, which of the following materials would cool the slowest?

Accepted Answer

A)  ammonia, 4.70 J/(g°
C)  
B)  water, 4.184 J/(g°
C)  
C)  aluminum, 0.90 J/(g°
C)  
D)  silver, 0.24 J/(g°
C)  
E)  All cool at the same rate. 
A)  ammonia, 4.70 J/(g°
C)  
B)  water, 4.184 J/(g°
C)  
C)  aluminum, 0.90 J/(g°
C)  
D)  silver, 0.24 J/(g°
C)  
E)  All cool at the same rate.

Question 10

If an evaporating liquid cools, then does something else warm? If so, what?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes, the surrounding atmosphere is warmed. 
B)  All around, evaporation is a cooling process. Nothing is warmed by the process of evaporation. 
C)  The glass that contains the liquid is warmed. 
D)  The molecules that escape the liquid are still moving more quickly than those in the surrounding air, but the temperature is not effected by them. 
A)  Yes, the surrounding atmosphere is warmed. 
B)  All around, evaporation is a cooling process. Nothing is warmed by the process of evaporation. 
C)  The glass that contains the liquid is warmed. 
D)  The molecules that escape the liquid are still moving more quickly than those in the surrounding air, but the temperature is not effected by them.

Question 11

Which of the following contains the most heat energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 gram of steam at 100°C 
B)  1 gram of water at 100°C 
C)  1 gram of water at 50°C 
D)  1 gram of water at 0°C 
E)  1 gram of ice at 0°C 
A)  1 gram of steam at 100°C 
B)  1 gram of water at 100°C 
C)  1 gram of water at 50°C 
D)  1 gram of water at 0°C 
E)  1 gram of ice at 0°C

Question 12

Mercury forms a convex meniscus with glass and not the concave meniscus formed by water. What does this tell you about the cohesive forces within mercury versus the adhesive forces between mercury and glass?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mercury sticks to itself (adhesive forces) better than it sticks to the glass (cohesive forces). 
B)  The cohesive forces of the glass repel the mercury. 
C)  Mercury sticks to itself (cohesive forces) better than it sticks to the glass (adhesive forces). 
D)  The adhesive forces of the glass attract the mercury. 
A)  Mercury sticks to itself (adhesive forces) better than it sticks to the glass (cohesive forces). 
B)  The cohesive forces of the glass repel the mercury. 
C)  Mercury sticks to itself (cohesive forces) better than it sticks to the glass (adhesive forces). 
D)  The adhesive forces of the glass attract the mercury.

Question 13

From the diagram above describing the phase of xenon relative to temperature and pressure what is the phase of xenon at   and   ?

Accepted Answer

A)  solid 
B)  liquid 
C)  gas 
D)  melting solid 
A)  solid 
B)  liquid 
C)  gas 
D)  melting solid

Question 14

Which of the above liquids has the strongest cohesive forces?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  e 
A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  e

Question 15

If the specific heat of gold is 0.13 J/(g°C), how much heat is needed to raise the temperature of a 20-gram nugget by 20°C?

Accepted Answer

A)  50 J 
B)  500 J 
C)  5 J 
D)  20 J 
E)  0.13 J 
A)  50 J 
B)  500 J 
C)  5 J 
D)  20 J 
E)  0.13 J

Question 16

Bermuda is close to North Carolina, but unlike North Carolina it has a tropical climate year round. Why is this so?

Accepted Answer

A)  Since North Carolina is so humid, much of the sun's energy is absorbed by the water in the air, which has a high heat capacity. 
B)  North Carolina has a much higher elevation than sea level, keeping the state cool. 
C)  Since Bermuda is surrounded by water, its temperatures are moderated by the high specific heat of water. When the air is cooler than the water, the water warms the air; when the air is warmer than the water, the water cools the air. 
D)  The winds blow from the west, cooling North Carolina, but they blow from the east over Bermuda, which causes the tropical climate of that island. 
A)  Since North Carolina is so humid, much of the sun's energy is absorbed by the water in the air, which has a high heat capacity. 
B)  North Carolina has a much higher elevation than sea level, keeping the state cool. 
C)  Since Bermuda is surrounded by water, its temperatures are moderated by the high specific heat of water. When the air is cooler than the water, the water warms the air; when the air is warmer than the water, the water cools the air. 
D)  The winds blow from the west, cooling North Carolina, but they blow from the east over Bermuda, which causes the tropical climate of that island.

Question 17

Which graph most appropriately shows the density of water plotted against temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  graph a 
B)  graph b 
C)  graph c 
D)  graph d 
A)  graph a 
B)  graph b 
C)  graph c 
D)  graph d

Question 18

Maple syrup is made from the sap of the sugar maple tree. Why does is take so much energy to make maple syrup?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sap of the maple tree must first be distilled to remove the impurities. This is a very slow and tedious process requiring a great deal of energy. 
B)  The sap of the maple tree must undergo fractional separation in order to extract the delicate maple syrup. The separation process is very energy intensive. 
C)  Producing maple syrup requires boiling away most of the water from the sap. The resulting concentrated solution is maple syrup. A lot of energy is required to boil away the water. 
D)  The maple syrup would extract itself from the sap over a relatively short period of time. However, because manufacturers don't wish to wait for the natural process, they pour huge amounts of energy into a process to speed up the reaction. 
A)  The sap of the maple tree must first be distilled to remove the impurities. This is a very slow and tedious process requiring a great deal of energy. 
B)  The sap of the maple tree must undergo fractional separation in order to extract the delicate maple syrup. The separation process is very energy intensive. 
C)  Producing maple syrup requires boiling away most of the water from the sap. The resulting concentrated solution is maple syrup. A lot of energy is required to boil away the water. 
D)  The maple syrup would extract itself from the sap over a relatively short period of time. However, because manufacturers don't wish to wait for the natural process, they pour huge amounts of energy into a process to speed up the reaction.

Question 19

Evaporation is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  always a cooling process 
B)  sometimes a cooling process 
C)  always a warming process 
D)  sometimes a warming process 
E)  Two of the above are correct. 
A)  always a cooling process 
B)  sometimes a cooling process 
C)  always a warming process 
D)  sometimes a warming process 
E)  Two of the above are correct.

Question 20

At the molecular level, when a piece of ice is slowly melting, water molecules are being ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  adsorbed by the ice to form solid water 
B)  released by the ice to form liquid water 
C)  adsorbed by the ice to form liquid water 
D)  released by the ice to form solid water 
E)  both A and B 
A)  adsorbed by the ice to form solid water 
B)  released by the ice to form liquid water 
C)  adsorbed by the ice to form liquid water 
D)  released by the ice to form solid water 
E)  both A and B

If the heat of melting of a sample is 135 J/g, what would the heat of freezing for the sample be?

If the specific heat of gold is 0.13 J/(g°C), how much heat does it take to raise the temperature of a 1.0-gram piece of gold from 74°C to 99°C?

What is the temperature change if you cool water from 100°C to 55°C?

Unlike fresh water, ocean water contracts as it is cooled all the way down to its freezing point, which is about -18°C. Why?

Is the density of near-freezing water, which contains microscopic ice crystals, greater or less than the density of liquid water containing no microscopic ice crystals?

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between temperature and heat?

Why is it that in cold winters a tub of water placed in a farmer's canning cellar helps prevent canned food from freezing?

Suppose that water is used in a thermometer instead of mercury. If the temperature is at 4°C and then changes, why can't the thermometer indicate whether the temperature is rising or falling?

Given the following specific heats and that each sample had the same mass, which of the following materials would cool the slowest?

If an evaporating liquid cools, then does something else warm? If so, what?

Which of the following contains the most heat energy?

Mercury forms a convex meniscus with glass and not the concave meniscus formed by water. What does this tell you about the cohesive forces within mercury versus the adhesive forces between mercury and glass?

From the diagram above describing the phase of xenon relative to temperature and pressure what is the phase of xenon at and ?

Which of the above liquids has the strongest cohesive forces?

If the specific heat of gold is 0.13 J/(g°C), how much heat is needed to raise the temperature of a 20-gram nugget by 20°C?

Bermuda is close to North Carolina, but unlike North Carolina it has a tropical climate year round. Why is this so?

Which graph most appropriately shows the density of water plotted against temperature?

Maple syrup is made from the sap of the sugar maple tree. Why does is take so much energy to make maple syrup?

Evaporation is ________.

At the molecular level, when a piece of ice is slowly melting, water molecules are being ________.

About Science

Particles of Matter

Elements of Chemistry

Subatomic Particles

The Atomic Nucleus

How Atoms Bond

How Molecules Mix

How Chemicals React

Acids and Bases in Our Environment

Oxidations and Reductions Charge the World

Organic Compounds

Nutrients of Life

Medicinal Chemistry

Optimizing Food Production

Protection Water and Air Resources

Capturing Energy

Filters

Exam 8: How Water Behaves

If the heat of melting of a sample is 135 J/g, what would the heat of freezing for the sample be?

If the specific heat of gold is 0.13 J/(g°C), how much heat does it take to raise the temperature of a 1.0-gram piece of gold from 74°C to 99°C?

What is the temperature change if you cool water from 100°C to 55°C?

Unlike fresh water, ocean water contracts as it is cooled all the way down to its freezing point, which is about -18°C. Why?

Is the density of near-freezing water, which contains microscopic ice crystals, greater or less than the density of liquid water containing no microscopic ice crystals?

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between temperature and heat?

Why is it that in cold winters a tub of water placed in a farmer's canning cellar helps prevent canned food from freezing?

Suppose that water is used in a thermometer instead of mercury. If the temperature is at 4°C and then changes, why can't the thermometer indicate whether the temperature is rising or falling?

Given the following specific heats and that each sample had the same mass, which of the following materials would cool the slowest?

If an evaporating liquid cools, then does something else warm? If so, what?

Which of the following contains the most heat energy?

Mercury forms a convex meniscus with glass and not the concave meniscus formed by water. What does this tell you about the cohesive forces within mercury versus the adhesive forces between mercury and glass?

From the diagram above describing the phase of xenon relative to temperature and pressure what is the phase of xenon at and ?

Which of the above liquids has the strongest cohesive forces?

If the specific heat of gold is 0.13 J/(g°C), how much heat is needed to raise the temperature of a 20-gram nugget by 20°C?

Bermuda is close to North Carolina, but unlike North Carolina it has a tropical climate year round. Why is this so?

Which graph most appropriately shows the density of water plotted against temperature?

Maple syrup is made from the sap of the sugar maple tree. Why does is take so much energy to make maple syrup?

Evaporation is ________.

At the molecular level, when a piece of ice is slowly melting, water molecules are being ________.

About Science

Particles of Matter

Elements of Chemistry

Subatomic Particles

The Atomic Nucleus

How Atoms Bond

How Molecules Mix

How Chemicals React

Acids and Bases in Our Environment

Oxidations and Reductions Charge the World

Organic Compounds

Nutrients of Life

Medicinal Chemistry

Optimizing Food Production

Protection Water and Air Resources

Capturing Energy

Filters