Question 1

Why was Christianity attractive to the Greeks and Romans?

Accepted Answer

Already in Greek society there were groups of people who had congregated around Jewish communities and had revered them for their monotheism and had modeled their lives after the Jewish standards but had not accepted all tenets of Judaism,such as circumcision.Christianity gave these people an excellent alternative.Greek religion had also long been home to mystery cults that had similar rites of baptism and special religious knowledge necessary for salvation.In addition,Christianity had a strong communal aspect that was attractive to many,especially the poor.Women were especially attracted to Christianity and achieved relatively high ranks within it,unlike other mystery cults that excluded women.The promise of salvation must have also been attractive to those who had endured the crisis of the third century,as there was an increase in the number of converts during this period.

Question 2

Boethius was executed for his controversial work on faith and reason,The Consolation of Philosophy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Benedict's monastic rule differed from Basil's rule because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  required monks to live in communities,not as isolated hermits. 
B)  required sexual chastity of all monks except the abbot. 
C)  emphasized the value of work. 
D)  was less austere and more moderate in its demands for monastic life. 
E)  mandated that all monasteries be economically self-sufficient. 
A)  required monks to live in communities,not as isolated hermits. 
B)  required sexual chastity of all monks except the abbot. 
C)  emphasized the value of work. 
D)  was less austere and more moderate in its demands for monastic life. 
E)  mandated that all monasteries be economically self-sufficient. D

Question 4

Explain to what extent the actions and teachings of Jesus were revolutionary.

Accepted Answer

Jesus was born less than a generation af

Question 5

Jerome's most long-lasting contributions to Western society were his Vulgate translation of the Bible,his ideas on the negative image of women,and his insistence on the value of education.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The tetrarchy was the split of Rome into halves and the creation of:

Accepted Answer

A)  a single augustus who ruled the wealthy East and a caesar who ruled the West. 
B)  two augustuses who ruled the East and two caesars who ruled the West. 
C)  an augustus in the West and one in the East who were assisted and would be succeeded by caesars. 
D)  a single augustus who ruled the troublesome West and a caesar who ruled the East. 
E)  an augustus to rule the empire with four caesars to rule the four quadrants of the empire. 
A)  a single augustus who ruled the wealthy East and a caesar who ruled the West. 
B)  two augustuses who ruled the East and two caesars who ruled the West. 
C)  an augustus in the West and one in the East who were assisted and would be succeeded by caesars. 
D)  a single augustus who ruled the troublesome West and a caesar who ruled the East. 
E)  an augustus to rule the empire with four caesars to rule the four quadrants of the empire.

Question 7

Constantinople remained the political and economic center of the Roman Empire until 476,when it fell to the Goths.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When Diocletian took power,he:

Accepted Answer

A)  declared support for Christianity and echoed Constantine's program of toleration to strengthen his empire. 
B)  followed Augustus's image of princeps rather than domus to alleviate fears of his imperial ambition and worked alongside the Senate and military to at least give the illusion of a republican government. 
C)  shamelessly elevated his own family and friends to prestigious offices and used his power over the military to keep the empire in check. 
D)  isolated himself from ordinary business and people and introduced an eastern style of rule,wearing a diadem and purple robes. 
E)  invaded the territory of the Germanic tribes across the Danube in the East and the Rhine in the West to finally bring to an end the threat of the barbarians to the empire. 
A)  declared support for Christianity and echoed Constantine's program of toleration to strengthen his empire. 
B)  followed Augustus's image of princeps rather than domus to alleviate fears of his imperial ambition and worked alongside the Senate and military to at least give the illusion of a republican government. 
C)  shamelessly elevated his own family and friends to prestigious offices and used his power over the military to keep the empire in check. 
D)  isolated himself from ordinary business and people and introduced an eastern style of rule,wearing a diadem and purple robes. 
E)  invaded the territory of the Germanic tribes across the Danube in the East and the Rhine in the West to finally bring to an end the threat of the barbarians to the empire.

Question 9

Arians were a religious group who rejected Christ's equality with God.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Jesus is the central figure in Christianity,but Paul was important:

Accepted Answer

A)  first as a persecutor,then a follower,and finally a heretic. 
B)  as founder of the universal church,giving it theology and organization. 
C)  because he wrote the Gospels,Epistles,and teachings of the apostles. 
D)  in arguing that women should be allowed to speak in church. 
E)  in serving as the first Christian leader in Rome; the first pope. 
A)  first as a persecutor,then a follower,and finally a heretic. 
B)  as founder of the universal church,giving it theology and organization. 
C)  because he wrote the Gospels,Epistles,and teachings of the apostles. 
D)  in arguing that women should be allowed to speak in church. 
E)  in serving as the first Christian leader in Rome; the first pope.

Question 11

The term Christ is a Greek term meaning "anointed one."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Constantine seemed to envision a united Rome after his death as he gave the empire as a whole to his eldest son,disinheriting the younger two in order to prevent civil war.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What point was in dispute between the Arians and Christian orthodoxy?

Accepted Answer

A)  whether Jesus was of the same being and substance as God the Father 
B)  whether human beings can earn a heavenly reward through good works 
C)  whether communion bread and wine really change into Christ's body and blood 
D)  whether Jesus died to save all human beings or only those of the master race 
E)  whether an individual needed to convert to Judaism before converting to Christianity 
A)  whether Jesus was of the same being and substance as God the Father 
B)  whether human beings can earn a heavenly reward through good works 
C)  whether communion bread and wine really change into Christ's body and blood 
D)  whether Jesus died to save all human beings or only those of the master race 
E)  whether an individual needed to convert to Judaism before converting to Christianity

Question 14

New cultural influences in Late Antiquity included:

Accepted Answer

A)  Egyptian mystery religion,especially the cult of Isis and Osiris. 
B)  Christianity,which first found followers in cities and then in rural areas. 
C)  the political writings of Plato and Aristotle,which had previously been lost. 
D)  the patronage of artists and writers by Hellenistic rulers in the Near East. 
E)  the intellectual developments of the Islamic world. 
A)  Egyptian mystery religion,especially the cult of Isis and Osiris. 
B)  Christianity,which first found followers in cities and then in rural areas. 
C)  the political writings of Plato and Aristotle,which had previously been lost. 
D)  the patronage of artists and writers by Hellenistic rulers in the Near East. 
E)  the intellectual developments of the Islamic world.

Question 15

The gospel accounts of Jesus's life:

Accepted Answer

A)  were written before Paul's letters. 
B)  contain a description of Jesus's miracles,but not his death and resurrection. 
C)  form (when combined with the Hebrew Torah)the Christian New Testament. 
D)  were probably written between 70 and 100 C.E. 
E)  contain the historical facts of Jesus's life but do not include any miracles. 
A)  were written before Paul's letters. 
B)  contain a description of Jesus's miracles,but not his death and resurrection. 
C)  form (when combined with the Hebrew Torah)the Christian New Testament. 
D)  were probably written between 70 and 100 C.E. 
E)  contain the historical facts of Jesus's life but do not include any miracles.

Question 16

In what ways did Diocletian attempt to revitalize Rome?

Accepted Answer

Diocletian was aware of the decline of b

Question 17

Was the division between the eastern and western empires only geographic? Explain.

Accepted Answer

The division between the two halves of t

Question 18

By the end of the third century it became obvious that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the Roman Empire would succeed in extending itself into Scandinavia. 
B)  Rome's western and eastern provinces could not be controlled by a single central government. 
C)  the process of making all people Roman citizens had actually increased internal tensions and rebellions. 
D)  the Persian empire would finally mount the resources to conquer Greece and Sicily. 
E)  the Goths posed no real threat to the northern frontier. 
A)  the Roman Empire would succeed in extending itself into Scandinavia. 
B)  Rome's western and eastern provinces could not be controlled by a single central government. 
C)  the process of making all people Roman citizens had actually increased internal tensions and rebellions. 
D)  the Persian empire would finally mount the resources to conquer Greece and Sicily. 
E)  the Goths posed no real threat to the northern frontier.

Question 19

Realizing that the Roman Empire had become too large for a single ruler to control it:

Accepted Answer

A)  Constantine divided the empire in half,trusting a junior colleague to rule the western part. 
B)  Constantine built a new capital city named Constantinople in Palestine. 
C)  Diocletian divided the empire in half,trusting a junior colleague to rule the western part. 
D)  Diocletian resigned his position as emperor and encouraged the development of regional republics. 
E)  Diocletian created the Roman Senate to rule the empire,and he retired to Spilt to raise cabbages. 
A)  Constantine divided the empire in half,trusting a junior colleague to rule the western part. 
B)  Constantine built a new capital city named Constantinople in Palestine. 
C)  Diocletian divided the empire in half,trusting a junior colleague to rule the western part. 
D)  Diocletian resigned his position as emperor and encouraged the development of regional republics. 
E)  Diocletian created the Roman Senate to rule the empire,and he retired to Spilt to raise cabbages.

Question 20

Explain the implications of the Council of Nicea.

Accepted Answer

The council represents the first time re

Exam 6: The Transformation of Rome

Why was Christianity attractive to the Greeks and Romans?

Boethius was executed for his controversial work on faith and reason,The Consolation of Philosophy.

Benedict's monastic rule differed from Basil's rule because it:

Explain to what extent the actions and teachings of Jesus were revolutionary.

Jerome's most long-lasting contributions to Western society were his Vulgate translation of the Bible,his ideas on the negative image of women,and his insistence on the value of education.

The tetrarchy was the split of Rome into halves and the creation of:

Constantinople remained the political and economic center of the Roman Empire until 476,when it fell to the Goths.

When Diocletian took power,he:

Arians were a religious group who rejected Christ's equality with God.

Jesus is the central figure in Christianity,but Paul was important:

The term Christ is a Greek term meaning "anointed one."

Constantine seemed to envision a united Rome after his death as he gave the empire as a whole to his eldest son,disinheriting the younger two in order to prevent civil war.

What point was in dispute between the Arians and Christian orthodoxy?

New cultural influences in Late Antiquity included:

The gospel accounts of Jesus's life:

In what ways did Diocletian attempt to revitalize Rome?

Was the division between the eastern and western empires only geographic? Explain.

By the end of the third century it became obvious that:

Realizing that the Roman Empire had become too large for a single ruler to control it:

Explain the implications of the Council of Nicea.

Early Civilizations

Peoples, gods ,and Empires: 1700–500 B.C.E

The Civilization of Greece,1000–400 B.C.E

The Greek World Expands,400–150 B.C.E

The Civilization of Ancient Rome

Rome’s Three Heirs: 500–950

The Expansion of Europe,950–1100

The Consolidation of Europe,1100–1300

Crisis,unrest,and Opportunity,1300–1500

Commerce,conquest,and Colonization,1300–1600

Renaissance Ideals and Realities,c.1350–1550

The Age of Dissent and Division,1500–1600

Religion,warfare,and Sovereignty,1540–1660

Absolutism and Empire,1660–1789

The New Science of the Seventeenth Century

The Enlightenment

The French Revolution

The Industrial Revolution and Nineteenth-century Society

From Restoration to Revolution,1815–1848

What is a Nation? Territories ,states , and Citizens,1848–1871

Imperialism and Colonialism,1870–1914

Modern Industry and Mass Politics,1870–1914

The First World War

Turmoil Between the Wars

The Second World War

The Cold War World: Global Politics,economic Recovery,and Cultural Change

Red Flags and Velvet Revolutions: the End of the Cold War,1960–1990

A World Without Walls: Globalization and the West

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